三年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)好句子匯集60句
三年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)
三年級(jí)的同學(xué)如更好地總結(jié)三年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法?下面帶來(lái)三年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)范文,一起去看看!
三年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)一:詢(xún)問(wèn)對(duì)方看見(jiàn)的物品的數(shù)量的句型
詢(xún)問(wèn)對(duì)方看見(jiàn)的物品的數(shù)量的句型-How many...do you see?
(1)課文應(yīng)用:How many kites do you see?你看見(jiàn)多少只風(fēng)箏?
I see 12!我看見(jiàn)12只!
(2)句型結(jié)構(gòu)
問(wèn)句:How many+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)(books,kites,apples...)+do you see?
答語(yǔ):I see+數(shù)字.
(3)重點(diǎn)解析
此問(wèn)句是一個(gè)由howmany引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句,可以用于詢(xún)問(wèn)對(duì)方看見(jiàn)的物品的數(shù)量。
how many意為“多少”,后接可數(shù)名詞的.復(fù)數(shù)形式。
do幫助構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)句,無(wú)實(shí)際意義。
三年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)二:小小替身one
(1)課文應(yīng)用:The black one is a bird!黑色的那個(gè)是一只鳥(niǎo)!
在一些動(dòng)作片中,有的演員是用了替身的。有趣的是英語(yǔ)里的單詞one也可以當(dāng)替身。在課文中,one就代替了“kite”。需要注意的是one用作代詞時(shí),只能代替可數(shù)名詞單數(shù);若要代替復(fù)數(shù)的人或物,必須用one的復(fù)數(shù)形式ones。
例如:
I have five pencils.I like the red one best.
我有五支鉛筆,我最喜歡紅色的那支鉛筆。
I don't like these oranges.I like those one.
我不喜歡這些橙子。我喜歡那些橙子。
此外,one還可以表示數(shù)字“一”。
三年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)三:表達(dá)自己是否喜歡某物的句型
表達(dá)自己是否喜歡某物的句型-I (don't)like...
(1)課文應(yīng)用:I like grapes.我喜歡葡萄。
Sorry,I don't like grapes.抱歉,我不喜歡葡萄。
(2)句型結(jié)構(gòu)
I (don't) like+某物(bananas, grapes, apples…).
(3)重點(diǎn)解析
表達(dá)自己喜歡某物的句型為“I like+某物”。like意為“喜歡”,它跟在“主人”I的后面,表示“主人”的喜好。但當(dāng)“主人”不喜歡某物時(shí),don't就會(huì)站在like的前面來(lái)幫忙了,它與like -起來(lái)表達(dá)“主人”不喜歡某物。don't是do not的縮寫(xiě)形式,幫助構(gòu)成否定句。如果like后面接的表示事物的名詞是可數(shù)名詞,要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。
巧用don't來(lái)否定
在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的句子中,含有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的肯定句在變?yōu)榉穸ň鋾r(shí),需要don't或doesn't來(lái)幫忙。如果主語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù),要在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前加doesn't,后面接動(dòng)詞原形。例如:She like apples.她不喜歡蘋(píng)果。如果主語(yǔ)不是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù),只需在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前加don't。例如:They don't go to school.他們不去上學(xué)。
英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法公式歸納總結(jié)
要想學(xué)好英語(yǔ),首先要掌握其語(yǔ)法!以下是英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法公式歸納總結(jié),一起來(lái)看看吧!
英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法公式歸納總結(jié)
第一章 名詞性從句
在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞性從句(Noun Clauses)。 名詞性從句的功能相當(dāng)于名詞詞組, 它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)、介詞賓語(yǔ)等,因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語(yǔ)能,名詞從句又可分別稱(chēng)為主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句。
一. 主語(yǔ)從句
主語(yǔ)從句是在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)的從句,通常放在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前或由形式主語(yǔ)it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。
【第1句】: It 作形式主語(yǔ)和it引導(dǎo)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的比較
It 作形式主語(yǔ)代替主語(yǔ)從句,主要是為了平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu),主語(yǔ)從句的連接詞沒(méi)有變化。而it引導(dǎo)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句則是對(duì)句子某一部分進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào),無(wú)論強(qiáng)調(diào)的是什么成分,都可用連詞that。被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分指人時(shí)也可用who/whom。例如:
a) It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. 你不去看那場(chǎng)電影真可惜。
b) It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not. 我對(duì)你成功與否不感興趣。
c) It is in the morning that the murder took place. 謀殺案是在早上發(fā)生的。(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型) d) It is John that broke the window. 是John打碎的窗戶(hù)。(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)
【第2句】: 用it 作形式主語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)
(1) It is + 名詞 + 從句
It is a fact that ? 事實(shí)是?
It is an honor that ?非常榮幸
It is common knowledge that ?是常識(shí)
(2) It is + 形容詞 + 從句
It is natural that? 很自然?
It is strange that? 奇怪的是?
(3) It is + 不及物動(dòng)詞 + 從句
It seems that? 似乎?
It happened that? 碰巧?
It appears that? 似乎?
(4) It + 過(guò)去分詞 + 從句
It is reported that? 據(jù)報(bào)道?
It has been proved that? 已證實(shí)?
It is said that? 據(jù)說(shuō)?
【第3句】: 主語(yǔ)從句不可位于句首的五種情況:
(1)if 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句不可居于復(fù)合句句首。
(2)It is said /reported?結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語(yǔ)從句不可提前。例如:
正確表達(dá):It is said that President Jiang will visit our school next week.
錯(cuò)誤表達(dá):That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said.
(3)It happens/occurs?結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語(yǔ)從句不可提前。例如:
正確表達(dá):It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.
錯(cuò)誤表達(dá):That he failed in the examination occurred to him.
(4)It doesn’t matter how/whether ?結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語(yǔ)從句不可提前。例如:
正確表達(dá):It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not.
錯(cuò)誤表達(dá):Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter.
(5)含主語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句是疑問(wèn)句時(shí),主語(yǔ)從句不可提前。例如:
正確表達(dá):Is it likely that it will rain in the evening?
錯(cuò)誤表達(dá):Is that will rain in the evening likely?
【第4句】: what 與that 在引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)的區(qū)別
what 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)在句時(shí)在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分,如主語(yǔ).賓語(yǔ).表語(yǔ),而that 則不然。例如:
a) What you said yesterday is right.
b) That she is still alive is a consolation
二.賓語(yǔ)從句
賓語(yǔ)從句就是在復(fù)合句中作賓語(yǔ)的名詞性從句,通常放在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 (及物動(dòng)詞) 或介詞之后。
【第1句】: 作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)
(1) 由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句(that 通常可以省略), 例如:
I heard that be joined the army. 我聽(tīng)說(shuō)他參軍了。
(2) 由what, whether (if) 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,例如:
a) She did not know what had happened. 她不知道發(fā)生了什么。
b) I wonder whether you can change this note for me. 我想知道你是否能幫我改一下筆記。
(3) 動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)從句。例如:
She told me that she would accept my invitation. 她對(duì)我說(shuō)她會(huì)接受我的邀請(qǐng)。
【第2句】: 作介詞的賓語(yǔ),例如:
Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. 我們的成功取決于我們之間的合作。
【第3句】: 作形容詞的`賓語(yǔ),例如:
I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake. 我恐怕我已經(jīng)犯了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。
注意:that 引導(dǎo)的從句常跟在下列形容詞后作賓語(yǔ):anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等。也可以將此類(lèi)詞后的that 從句的看作原因狀語(yǔ)從句。
【第4句】: it 可以作為形式賓語(yǔ)
it 不僅可以作為形式主語(yǔ),還可以作為形式賓語(yǔ)而真正的賓語(yǔ)that 從句則放在句尾,特別是在帶復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的句子中。 例如:
We heard it that she would get married next month. 我聽(tīng)說(shuō)她下個(gè)朋就會(huì)結(jié)婚了。
【第5句】: 后邊不能直接跟that 從句的動(dòng)詞
這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞有allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。這類(lèi)詞后可以用不定式或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ),但不可以用that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。如:
正確表達(dá):I admire their winning the match.
錯(cuò)誤表達(dá):I admire that they won the match.
【第6句】: 不可用that從句作直接賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞
有些動(dòng)詞不可用于“動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+that從句“結(jié)構(gòu)中,常見(jiàn)的有envy, order, accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate等。例如:
正確表達(dá):He impressed the manager as an honest man.
錯(cuò)誤表達(dá):He impressed the manager that he was an honest man.
【第7句】: 否定的轉(zhuǎn)移
若主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等,其后的賓語(yǔ)從句若含有否定意義,一般要把否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語(yǔ)上,從句謂語(yǔ)用肯定式。例如:
I don’t think this dress fits you well. 我認(rèn)為這件衣服不適合你穿。
三. 表語(yǔ)從句
表語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作表語(yǔ)的名詞性從句,放在系動(dòng)詞之后,一般結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語(yǔ)+連系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)從句”。可以接表語(yǔ)從句的連系動(dòng)詞有be, look, remain, seem等。引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的that常可省略。另外,常用的還有the reason is that? 和It is because 等結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:
1) The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time.
2) This is why we can’t get the support of the people.
3) But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes.
4) The reason he is late for school is that he missed the early bus.
四. 同位語(yǔ)從句
同位語(yǔ)從句就是在復(fù)合句中作名詞的同位語(yǔ)的名詞性從句。
【第1句】: 同位語(yǔ)從句的功能
同位語(yǔ)從句對(duì)于名詞進(jìn)一步解釋?zhuān)f(shuō)明名詞的具體內(nèi)容,一般由that引導(dǎo),例如:
1) The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.
2) The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general.
【第2句】: 同位語(yǔ)在句子中的位置
同位語(yǔ)從句有時(shí)可以不緊跟在它所說(shuō)明的名詞后面,而是被別的詞隔開(kāi)。例如: He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.
【第3句】: 同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別
(1) 定語(yǔ)從句中的that既代替先行詞,同時(shí)以在從句中作某個(gè)成分(主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)),而同位語(yǔ)從句中的that是連詞,只起連接主句與從句的作用,不充當(dāng)句中任何成分。
(2) 定語(yǔ)從句是形容詞性的,其功能是修飾先行詞,對(duì)先行詞加以限定,描述定的性質(zhì)或特征;同位語(yǔ)從句是名詞性的,其功能是對(duì)名詞進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。例如:
1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.(他告訴我的消息是湯姆明年將出國(guó)。)(第一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的從句是定語(yǔ)從句,that在從句中作賓語(yǔ))
2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.(湯姆將出國(guó)的消息是他講的。)(同位語(yǔ)從句,that在句中不作任何成分)
高一英語(yǔ)名詞性從句專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)
【第2句】: The manager came over and asked the customer how____
A. did the quarrel came about B .the quarrel had come about
C. had the quarrel come about D. had the quarrel come about
【第3句】: Energy is ____makes thing work..
A. what B. something C. anything D. that
【第4句】: Information has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.
A. while B. that C. when D. as
【第5句】: This is ___the Shenzhou V Spaceship landed.
A. there B. in which C. where D. when
【第6句】: They have no idea at all____.
A. where he has gone B. where did he go
C. which place has he gone D. where has he gone
【第7句】: The doctor did a lot to reduce the patient’s fear ____he would die of the disease.
A. that B. which C. of which D. of that
【第8句】: The order said ___the soldiers ____the small village the next morning.
A. that ;had to leave B. that; should leave
C. /; must leave D. when; should leave
【第9句】: ___is no possibility ____Bob can win the first prize in the match.
A. There; that B. It; that C. there; whether D. It; whether
【第10句】: The question came up at the meeting_____ we had enough money for our research.
A. that B. which C. whether D. if
【第11句】: Is _____he said really true?
A. that B. what C. why D. whether
【第12句】:____the meeting should last two days or three days doesn’t matter.
A. That B. Whether C. If D. Where
【第13句】: It worried her a bit _____her hair was turning gray.
A. while B. if C. that D. for
【第14句】: _____more countries can use natural energy in the future remains to be seen.
A. Whether B. This C. who D. If
【第15句】:____he will go to work in a mountain village surprises all of us.
A. What B. That C. Whether D. If
【第16句】: ____you don’t like him is none of my business.
A. What B. That C. Who D. Which
【第17句】:____all the inventions have in common is ____they have succeeded.
A. What; what B. That; that C. what; that D. That ; what
【第18句】: ____appeared to me that he enjoyed the food very much.
A. What B. It C. All that D. That
【第19句】: It is widely ______that smoking can cause cancer.
A. believed B. think C. say D. hoped
【第20句】: ____caused the accident is still a complete mystery.
A. What B. That C. How D. Where
Keys:
1—5 ABABC 6—10 AABAC 11—15 BBCAB 16—20 BCBAA
第二章 “It”用法及其句型和固定搭配講解
【第1句】:It用作實(shí)詞
表達(dá)以下概念:指代前文提到的事物;替代前文中的內(nèi)容;指代一位性別不明的小孩或未知的人;指代未指明但談話(huà)雙方都知道的那件事;指代時(shí)間、天氣、氣候、距離等自然現(xiàn)象??
【第2句】:It用作形式主語(yǔ)
替代作主語(yǔ)的從句、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞,而把真正作主語(yǔ)的從句、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞置于句尾。
It 作形式主語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)句型:
【第1句】: 代作主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式,其句型為
(1) It be adj. (for sb.) to do sth.
此處adj. 通常為描述事件的形容詞:easy, difficult, hard, necessary, unnecessary, possible, impossible, likely, unlikely, right, wrong, important, unimportant, legal, illegal, well-mannered, ill-mannered, polite, impolite, clear, obvious, certain, suitable, proper, fit, useful,
初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)大綱
初中英語(yǔ)是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期積累的過(guò)程,小編收集到初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)大綱,需要可以幫助同學(xué)們系統(tǒng)總結(jié)初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法。
構(gòu)詞法:英語(yǔ)構(gòu)詞法主要有:合成法、派生法和轉(zhuǎn)換法。
【第1句】:合成法:如:spaceship, headache, basketball, playground等等。
【第2句】:派生法:(1)派生名詞:①動(dòng)詞+er/or ②動(dòng)詞+ing ③動(dòng)詞+(t)ion ④形容詞+ness ⑤其他,如:inventor, learner, swimming, congratulation, kindness, carelessness, knowledge
(2)派生形容詞:①名詞+y ②名詞+ful ③動(dòng)詞+ing/ed ④friendly ⑤dangerous ⑥Chinese; Japanese ⑦English ⑧French ⑨German ⑩國(guó)名+(i)an 如:snowy, sunny, hopeful, beautiful, interesting, following, daily(每日的),nervous, delicious
(3)派生副詞:①形容詞+ly ②其它,如:slowly, angrily, full→fully, good→well, possible→possibly
【第3句】:轉(zhuǎn)換法:
(1)形容詞→動(dòng)詞,如:dry(干燥的)→dry(弄干), clean(干凈的)→clean(打掃,弄干凈),等等。
(2)動(dòng)詞→名詞,如:look, walk, rest, work, study, swim, go, talk等等。
(3)名詞→動(dòng)詞,如:hand(手)→(傳遞),face(臉)→(面對(duì))等等。
(4)形容詞→副詞,如:early→early, fast→fast等等。
(5)副詞→連詞,如:when(什么時(shí)候)→(當(dāng)……時(shí)候),等等。
(6)介詞→副詞,如:in(到……里)→(在里面;在家),on(在…上)→(進(jìn)行,繼續(xù))
名詞:
【第1句】:英語(yǔ)名詞可分專(zhuān)有名詞和普通名詞兩大類(lèi):
【第1句】:專(zhuān)有名詞是個(gè)別的人、地、物、團(tuán)體、機(jī)構(gòu)等的專(zhuān)用名稱(chēng)。
專(zhuān)有名詞如果是含有普通名詞的短語(yǔ),則必須使用定冠詞the。如:the Great Wall(長(zhǎng)城)
姓氏名如果采用復(fù)數(shù)形式,則表示該姓氏一家人(復(fù)數(shù)含義),如:the Greens( 格林一家人)。
【第2句】:普通名詞又分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。
【第2句】:英語(yǔ)可數(shù)名詞的單復(fù)數(shù):英語(yǔ)可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式。
1hero→heroes, photo→photos, piano→pianos.
不可數(shù)名詞一般沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式,說(shuō)明其數(shù)量時(shí),要用有關(guān)計(jì)量名詞。一盒牛奶:
【第3句】:名詞所有格:
【第1句】: 名詞所有格如:Childern’s Day(兒童節(jié)), my sister’s book(我姐姐的書(shū))
(2)以s或es結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。只在詞尾加’。如:Teachers’ Day(教師節(jié))
(3)有些表示時(shí)間、距離以及世界、國(guó)家、城鎮(zhèn)等無(wú)生命的名詞,也可在詞尾加’s. 如:
today’s newspaper(今天的報(bào)紙), ten minutes’ break(十分鐘的課間休息),
(4)無(wú)論表示有生命還是無(wú)生命的東西的名詞,一般均可用介詞of短語(yǔ)來(lái)表示所有關(guān)系。如:
【第2句】:[注解]:
① ‘s還可以表示某人的家或者某個(gè)店鋪,如:my aunt’s(我阿姨家), the doctor’s(診所)
② 兩人共有某物時(shí),可以采用 A and B’s 的形式,如:Lucy and Lily’s bedroom(露西和麗麗合住的臥室)
③ “of+名詞所有格/名詞性物主代詞”,稱(chēng)為雙重所有格,如:a friend of my father’s(我父親的一位朋友), a friend of mine(我的一位朋友)
【第4句】:名詞或代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)和謂語(yǔ)之間的單復(fù)數(shù)的一致問(wèn)題:
【第1句】:謂語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)基本保持單復(fù)數(shù)的一致,即:主語(yǔ)是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式:如:The computer was a great invention.(計(jì)算機(jī)是個(gè)了不起的發(fā)明)The water in the glass is very cold.(玻璃杯里的水很冷)
【第2句】:集體名詞(如family, class, team, group, row, police, school等)做句子主語(yǔ)時(shí),
① 如果表示整體概念,則謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式,如:Class Three is a very good class.(三班是好班)
② 如果表示其中的所有成員時(shí),則謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式,如:Class Three have a map of China.(三
班有張中國(guó)地圖)
【第3句】:Chinese, Japanese, fish, sheep, people等表示單個(gè)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù),表示許多時(shí),謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。如:There is a sheep in the yard.(院子里有只綿羊) / There are some sheep in the yard.(院子里有一些綿羊)
【第4句】:maths, news等雖然有s結(jié)尾,但不是復(fù)數(shù),因此謂語(yǔ)仍用單數(shù):The news is very exciting. (這個(gè)消息令人興奮)
【第5句】:glasses, shoes, socks, trousers, gloves等名詞往往用復(fù)數(shù)形式,故謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。如:
The trousers are very cheap and I want to take them.(褲子很便宜,我想買(mǎi))
【第6句】:a lot of 后跟名詞復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式,跟不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式。如:A lot of students are playing baseball now.(現(xiàn)在有許多學(xué)生在打壘球) A lot of time was wasted on that work.(大量的時(shí)間花在了那個(gè)工作上)(被動(dòng)句)
【第7句】:and 連接兩個(gè)名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)原則上用復(fù)數(shù),但是兩個(gè)名詞若構(gòu)成一個(gè)整體事物時(shí),謂語(yǔ)則用單數(shù)。如:The teacher and his son are picking apples now.(老師和他的兒子在摘蘋(píng)果) / Fish and chips is very famous food. (魚(yú)和薯?xiàng)l是一種出名的食品)
【第8句】: there be 句型中be的單復(fù)數(shù)一般由靠近的名詞決定。如:There is a table and four chairs in the room.(房間里有一張桌子和四張椅子)
【第9句】:用both…and…連接兩個(gè)事物做主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)一般用復(fù)數(shù)。如:Both you and I are required to be here tomorrow.(你和我明天要求都來(lái))
【第10句】:主語(yǔ)中含有with的短語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)單復(fù)數(shù)由with之前的人物決定。如:A woman with a 7-year-old child was standing at the side of the road. (一名婦女帶著一個(gè)七歲的孩子(當(dāng)時(shí))就站在路邊)
【第11句】:either…or…或者 neither…nor…連接兩個(gè)人物做句子主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)采用就近原則。如:Either you or he is right.(要么是你對(duì),要么是他對(duì)。/你和他有一個(gè)人是對(duì)的) / Neither you nor I am going there.(你和我都不打算去那里)
【第12句】:表示一段時(shí)間或長(zhǎng)度概念的復(fù)數(shù)名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)一般用單數(shù)。如:Two months is not a short time.(兩個(gè)月不是個(gè)短時(shí)間)Two thousand kilometers is quite a long distance(距離).(兩千千米是相當(dāng)長(zhǎng)的一段距離)
【第13句】:主語(yǔ)中含有half of… / (three quarters)of… / all (of) the ….等詞語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)由名詞確定,如:Over three quarters of the information on the Internet is in English. / A third of the students were playing near the lake.(學(xué)生的三分之一(當(dāng)時(shí))正在湖邊玩耍) / All of the water in these rivers has been polluted.(這些河流中的水已經(jīng)被污染了)(被動(dòng)句)
但是,population一詞又有特殊情況: What’s the population of China?(中國(guó)人口是多少?)(句子用單數(shù)) / Three quarters of the population in this city are Arabs(阿拉伯人).(這個(gè)城市四分之三的人口是阿拉伯人)(句子用復(fù)數(shù))
【第5句】:部分名詞用法辨析:
【第1句】:sport、game、match、race 的區(qū)別:sport通常指“戶(hù)外運(yùn)動(dòng)”,以鍛煉為主,概念較大;game意思是“運(yùn)動(dòng)、比賽”,不管戶(hù)內(nèi)戶(hù)外還是腦力體力,指以勝負(fù)為主的運(yùn)動(dòng);match意為“競(jìng)賽、比賽”,多指正式比賽;race主要表示“賽跑、賽馬、賽車(chē)”。如:People all around the world enjoy sports.(全世界的人都喜愛(ài)運(yùn)動(dòng)) / The 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing.(2008奧運(yùn)會(huì)將在北京舉行)(被動(dòng)句) / Our school football team won the league match(聯(lián)賽).(我們學(xué)校足球隊(duì)取得了聯(lián)賽冠軍) / They were strong and won the boat race.(湯他們很棒,贏得了劃艇比賽)
【第2句】:festival、holiday、vacation的區(qū)別:festival“節(jié)日”,指喜慶的日子或持續(xù)一段時(shí)間的文娛活動(dòng);holiday(假日、休息日),指法定假日或風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣,復(fù)數(shù)可以表示一個(gè)較長(zhǎng)的假期;vacation“假期”,指學(xué)習(xí)或工作中一段長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的.休息。如:The Shanghai Television Festival will be held next month.(上海電視節(jié)將在下個(gè)月舉行) / Sunday is a holiday and most people do not work.(星期天是個(gè)假日,多數(shù)人不工作) / What are you going to do during the summer vacation/holidays?(在暑期你打算做什么事情?)
【第3句】:journey、tour、trip、travel的區(qū)別:journey指在陸地上(或海上或空中)進(jìn)行的長(zhǎng)途旅行,不知終點(diǎn),含有辛苦的意思;tour指途中作短期逗留的巡回旅行,強(qiáng)調(diào)游覽多處,常用來(lái)指觀光等;trip通常指往返定時(shí)的短途旅行,如出差度假等;travel多指長(zhǎng)期或長(zhǎng)途的觀光旅行,尤其指到國(guó)外,沒(méi)有明確目的地,也作不可數(shù)名詞,指旅行這一行為。如:He made up his mind to make the journey to Dunhuang.(他拿定主意要去敦煌旅行)/ He has gone on a walking tour.(他步行觀光去了) / He took several trips to Shanghai last yeaar.(去年他去了上海好幾次) / Did you go to Santiago(圣地亞哥) during your travels?(旅行期間你去圣地亞哥了嗎?) / Travelling through thick forests is dangerous.(在密林里邊穿行是很危險(xiǎn)的)
【第4句】:sound、noise、voice的區(qū)別:sound指各種聲音;noise主要指“噪音”;voice指人的“嗓音”。如:The noise of the street kept me awake in the night.(街上的喧囂聲讓我徹夜難眠) / All of a sudden there was the sound of shots and a cry.(突然間傳來(lái)幾聲槍響和一聲尖叫) / The singer has lost her ringing voice as a result of a bad cold.(因?yàn)楦忻暗木壒?這個(gè)歌唱家失去了她銀鈴般的嗓音)
【第5句】:fish的問(wèn)題:指許多條魚(yú)且不管種類(lèi)時(shí),用fish,單復(fù)數(shù)相同;fishes 指許多種類(lèi)的魚(yú);fish指“魚(yú)肉”時(shí)是不可數(shù)名詞。如:There are many kinds of fishes in the pool. (池子里有很多種類(lèi)的魚(yú))/ I prefer fish to meat.(與肉相比我更喜歡魚(yú))
代詞:
【第1句】:代詞的分類(lèi):英語(yǔ)中代詞分為:人稱(chēng)代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、指示代詞、關(guān)系代詞、疑問(wèn)代詞、連接代詞和不定代詞等等。
【第2句】:人稱(chēng)代詞:人稱(chēng)代詞代替人和事物的名稱(chēng),分為主格和賓格兩種形式。
高二英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)總結(jié)全
表示時(shí)間的 in 和 after:兩者都表示“在(某個(gè)時(shí)間)之后,區(qū)別在于in表示“在(一段時(shí)間)之后” ,而 after 則表示“在(某一具體時(shí)間點(diǎn)之后),in短語(yǔ)和將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)連用,after 短語(yǔ)和過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)態(tài)連用。以下是小編為大家整理分享的高二英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)總結(jié)全,歡迎閱讀參考。
高二英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)總結(jié)全1
【第1句】:at
如:常用詞組有: at noon, at night
表示時(shí)間的 at, in, on:表示片刻的時(shí)間,at 8 o’clock,at midnight, at the end of, at that time, at the beginning of, at the age of, at Christmas, at New Year 等。
in 表示一段的時(shí)間
如:in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, in October, in 1998, in summer, in the past, in the future 等。
on 總是跟日子有關(guān),on Monday, on Christmas morning, on the following, on May Day, on a warm morning 等。
【第2句】:表示時(shí)間的 since 和 from:since 表示從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在的一段時(shí)間的過(guò)程,常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用:from 表示從時(shí)間的某一點(diǎn)開(kāi)始,不涉及與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。一般多與現(xiàn)在時(shí)、過(guò)去時(shí)、將來(lái)時(shí)連用。
如:I hope to do morning exercises from today./ We have not seen each other since 19【第95句】:
【第3句】:表示時(shí)間的 in 和 after:兩者都表示“在(某個(gè)時(shí)間)之后,區(qū)別在于in表示“在(一段時(shí)間)之后” ,而 after 則表示“在(某一具體時(shí)間點(diǎn)之后),in短語(yǔ)和將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)連用,after 短語(yǔ)和過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)態(tài)連用。
如:We’ll be back in three days.
After seven the rain began to fall.
What shall we do after graduation?
After two months he returned. 注意:after 有時(shí)也可以表示在一段時(shí)間之后(常用在過(guò)去時(shí)里)
【第4句】:表示地理位置的 in, on, to:in 表示在某范圍內(nèi),on 指與什么毗鄰,to 指在某環(huán)境范圍之外
如:Changchun is in the northeast of China./ Mongolia is on the north of China./ Japan is tothe east of China.
【第5句】:表示“在……上”的 on 和 in:on 只表示在某物的表面上,而用 in 表示占去某物一部分,表示……上。
如:There is a book on the piece of paper./ There is an interesting article in the newspaper./ He dug a hole in the wall.
高二英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)總結(jié)全2
介詞又叫前置詞,是一種虛詞。
介詞分為三種,一種是簡(jiǎn)單介詞,如 at, in, on, beside, to , for 等;另一種是短語(yǔ)介詞,即由兩個(gè)以上的詞組組成的短語(yǔ),in front of, because of, out of, instead 如 of 等;還有一種二重介詞,如 until after, from behind 等。
(一) 介詞的句能:介詞不能獨(dú)立在句中做成份,介詞后必須與名詞、代詞、或動(dòng)名詞構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)在句中充當(dāng) 一個(gè)成份,表示人、物、事件等與其它人、物、事件等之間的關(guān)系。
【第1句】: 作定語(yǔ): The book on the table is mine.
【第2句】: 作狀語(yǔ): have breakfast at seven. We (表時(shí)間)They were late for meeting because of the heavy ; rain.(表原因) ;They started the machine by pressing the button.(表方法)
【第3句】: 作表語(yǔ): My dictionary is in the bag.
【第4句】: 作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ): I found him in the office.
(二) 【第1句】:表示時(shí)間的介詞
(1) in表示“在某一時(shí)間段”或“在某一時(shí)候”,如用在月、季、年份、時(shí)代、世紀(jì)等時(shí)間名詞的前面,或用來(lái)泛指一天的`某一段時(shí)間。in也可以指“在……之后”,表示從說(shuō)話(huà)起的若干時(shí)間內(nèi)。
如: in July/summer/2000/ancient times
The bus will be here in ten minutes.
(2) on表示“在特定的某一天”,也可用于帶有修飾語(yǔ)的一天的某個(gè)時(shí)間段之前。如:on Saturday, on Saturday morning, on the morning of August 1st
(3) at表示“在某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)”,或用來(lái)表示不確定的時(shí)間和短期的假日、時(shí)節(jié)等。
如:at six o'clock, at Easter
(4) over, through (out)兩者均指“經(jīng)過(guò)的全部時(shí)間”。
如:Stay over the Christmas.
(5) for與since:for表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)延續(xù)的全部時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度,為“長(zhǎng)達(dá)……”之意;since用于指從過(guò)去特定的某個(gè)時(shí)刻到說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)為止的一段時(shí)間;含有since時(shí)間短語(yǔ)的句子要用完成時(shí),但含有for時(shí)間短語(yǔ)的句子不一定要用完成時(shí)。