2023考研英語閱讀美國科技公司在中國
American tech companies in China
美國科技公司在中國
A question of trust
誠信危機
Edward Snowden is not the only cause of Americanfirms Chinese troubles
斯諾登事件并非美企在華陷入危機的唯一原因
WHEN Hewlett-Packard reported quarterly results on November 26th, Meg Whitman, thechief executive, noted that the performance of many of its businesses in China hadweakened.
惠普公司在26號做季度總結時時，主管Meg Whitman注意到其在中國的多項業務表現得較為疲軟。
HP thus joined a growing list of American technology companies which have given recentwarnings of harder times for their Chinese operations.
因此惠普進入了美國科技公司的增長名單這一名單給他們處于艱難時期的中國分公司以提醒。
Some commentatorsand the oddexecutivehave mused that Edward Snowden may have something to answer for.
一些評論者和執行官認為也許斯諾登是一部分原因。
His revelations about America s technological spying, it is thought, are leading Chinesecustomers to shun American gear.
有評論認為斯諾登曝光美國的科技監視使中國顧客避免購買美國設備。
Fears of a backlash had been reinforced on November 25th when Qualcomm, an Americansemiconductor designer, said it was under investigation by an agency responsible forenforcing China s anti-monopoly law.
11月25號Qualcomm，一個半導體設計公司稱一負責執行中國反壟斷法的機構調查此事，這導致人們更加擔心中國抵制美貨。
Qualcomm says that it is not aware of doing anything that might break the law and that it isco-operating with the agency.
Qualcomm說他沒有意識到所做的事可能違法中國法律，也沒有意識到到正在與該機構合作。
Paul Jacobs, its boss, told the Wall Street Journal that all US tech companies are seeingpressure in China right now.
它的老板，Paul Jacobs，告訴華爾街日報稱：現在在中國的所有的美國科技企業都有感受到了壓力。
Many are, but the reasons for this are more numerous and complex than Chinesesuspicion of American snooping.
這是大部分原因，但真正的原因遠比中國懷疑美國監視要來得復雜。
Take IBM. Its revenue from China plummeted by 22% in its latest quarter, compared withthe same period of 2023.
以IBM為例，與2023年同期相比，最近的一個季度IBM在中國的盈利大幅跳水22%。
Big Blue admitted that internal execution problems were partly to blame. Lessconvincingly, it also cited a delay in the completion of China s latest economic plan and hencethe tech spending associated with it.
IBM承認內部執行問題需要付一部分責任。而它決定延期中國的最新經濟計劃和限制科技投入也是其在中國失寵的一部分原因。
Cisco is also feeling a chill.
思科也感到了寒意。
In its latest quarter the Chinese revenues of the American maker of computer-networkingequipment were 18% lower than a year before.
較一年前相比，在前一季度中美國電腦網絡設備在中過的盈利下降了18%。
Cisco also forecast that its worldwide sales would fall by up to 10% in the current quarter,partly because of weakness in China.
同時思科也預感到在臨近季度中其在全球范圍中的銷售會下降超過10%。這一部分是因為中國市場表現疲軟。
Asked on an earnings conference call whether the Snowden affair was hurting business,Cisco executives said it was causing some Chinese customers to pause before makingpurchases.
當在一個電話收益會議中被問到斯諾登事件是否會影響其業務，Cisco高層表示這會使一部分中國顧客暫停購買。
But Cisco s share of sales of routers and switches to internet-service providers such as ChinaTelecom and China Unicom, and to other providers of web-based communications andinternet-connectivity services, had been falling well before the spying imbroglio.
但是思科的路由器銷售股票和為諸如中國移動和中國聯通等網絡服務提供商以及其他網絡通訊服務提供商提供的轉換器早在監視門之前就有所回落。
David Krozier of Ovum, a research firm, says Cisco left itself vulnerable in China by failing torespond quickly enough to advances by rivals such as Alcatel-Lucent, of France, andHuawei, a Chinese company.
一家研究公司Ovum的David Krozier稱由于不能及時從競爭中獲利比如Alcatel-Lucent和華維間的競爭，Cisco使自己在中國處于不利地位。
Another American supplier, Juniper Networks, has managed to increase its share.
但是另一家美國供應商uniper Networks已成功使股票增值。
As for the Qualcomm investigation, it is tempting to see this as a further consequence of MrSnowden s mischief.
至于對Qualcomm的調查，人們很容易認為這是斯諾登事件的后續。
But Qualcomm is not the only foreign company under the microscope.
但其實Qualcomm并不是唯一一家在接受調查的外國公司。
Recently others, including Danone, a French food firm, and Starbucks, an Americancoffee-shop chain, have been scrutinised for allegedly fixing prices or charging too much.
最近，其他公司包括達能和星巴克也因為涉及調整價格或是收費太高等原因面臨調查。
The Chinese government could instead be trying to send an unsubtle signal to Qualcomm.
中國政府不應該嘗試著給Qualcomm一個不明智的信號。Qualcomm主導芯片市場，
The company dominates the market for chips that let mobile devices use super-fast, 4Gmobile networks, which Chinese telecoms firms are rolling out.
使得電話設備用上極速4G手機網絡，這一技術已被中國移動廣泛鋪開。
The sudden scrutiny may thus be intended to ensure that Qualcomm asks only modestroyalties of Chinese handset-makers.
而這突然的監視有可能是打算確保Qualcomm只向中國手機制造商收取適度版稅。
All of this suggests the cost of Mr Snowden s revelations has been modest.
所有的一切都表明斯諾登事件的代價是適度的。
American firms are having difficulties in China partly because of their own missteps, but alsobecause Chinese firms such as Huawei and ZTE have grown into powerful competitors.
美國企業在中國面臨危機一部分原是他們自己的失策，但也是因為華為中興等中國企業已成長為強有力對手。
The American government has, however, made matters worse by seeking to deter firms inthe United States from using Chinese telecoms-networking technology, on the ground that itcould threaten national security.
然而美國政府卻因為試圖以威脅國家安全為由阻止美國企業用中國電信網絡技術而將事情變得更糟。
That is fuelling what Ed Maguire of CLSA, an investment bank, calls tech mercantilism.
這促進了CLSA的Ed Maguire所說的科技重商主義。
China had policies favouring local suppliers of tech equipment many months before MrSnowden s leaks.
在斯諾登事件幾個月之前中國有一些保護當地科技設備供應商的政策。
A tit-for-tat trade battle will do far more damage to American tech firms fortunes in Chinathan reports of the shenanigans of their country s spooks.
一場爭鋒相對的貿易戰給美國企業在中國資產帶來的損失遠遠大于對他們國家間諜詭計的報道。
詞語解釋
1.compare with 與相比;比得上
Life isn t fair-don t compare with or be jealous ofothers.
生活并不是公平的不要比較也不要嫉妒別人。
Atheists have precious little to compare with this.
相比之下，無神論者的資源就少得可憐。
2.associate with 與交往， 聯系;交接
The date and time to associate with the type library.
與該類型庫相關聯的日期和時間。
Create a container control designer class to associate with the custom control.
創建容器控件設計器類，并將其與自定義控件關聯。
3.switch to 切換到，轉到
Switch to the root account, and in five minutes you have it installed and ready to use withoutrebooting.
切換到根用戶，5分鐘它就安裝好并且在沒有重啟的情況下投入使用。
So he has always been happy with the switch to the gpl which he said is a fair and successfullicense.
他說，所以他一直很滿意切換到通用公共許可證，這是一個公平而成功的許可證。
4.enough to 足以
That s not enough to trigger renewed recession.
這個問題不足以導致美國經濟重新陷入衰退。
It tells you enough to get started right away.
它告訴你的東西足夠讓你立刻開始使用。
American tech companies in China
美國科技公司在中國
A question of trust
誠信危機
Edward Snowden is not the only cause of Americanfirms Chinese troubles
斯諾登事件并非美企在華陷入危機的唯一原因
WHEN Hewlett-Packard reported quarterly results on November 26th, Meg Whitman, thechief executive, noted that the performance of many of its businesses in China hadweakened.
惠普公司在26號做季度總結時時，主管Meg Whitman注意到其在中國的多項業務表現得較為疲軟。
HP thus joined a growing list of American technology companies which have given recentwarnings of harder times for their Chinese operations.
因此惠普進入了美國科技公司的增長名單這一名單給他們處于艱難時期的中國分公司以提醒。
Some commentatorsand the oddexecutivehave mused that Edward Snowden may have something to answer for.
一些評論者和執行官認為也許斯諾登是一部分原因。
His revelations about America s technological spying, it is thought, are leading Chinesecustomers to shun American gear.
有評論認為斯諾登曝光美國的科技監視使中國顧客避免購買美國設備。
Fears of a backlash had been reinforced on November 25th when Qualcomm, an Americansemiconductor designer, said it was under investigation by an agency responsible forenforcing China s anti-monopoly law.
11月25號Qualcomm，一個半導體設計公司稱一負責執行中國反壟斷法的機構調查此事，這導致人們更加擔心中國抵制美貨。
Qualcomm says that it is not aware of doing anything that might break the law and that it isco-operating with the agency.
Qualcomm說他沒有意識到所做的事可能違法中國法律，也沒有意識到到正在與該機構合作。
Paul Jacobs, its boss, told the Wall Street Journal that all US tech companies are seeingpressure in China right now.
它的老板，Paul Jacobs，告訴華爾街日報稱：現在在中國的所有的美國科技企業都有感受到了壓力。
Many are, but the reasons for this are more numerous and complex than Chinesesuspicion of American snooping.
這是大部分原因，但真正的原因遠比中國懷疑美國監視要來得復雜。
Take IBM. Its revenue from China plummeted by 22% in its latest quarter, compared withthe same period of 2023.
以IBM為例，與2023年同期相比，最近的一個季度IBM在中國的盈利大幅跳水22%。
Big Blue admitted that internal execution problems were partly to blame. Lessconvincingly, it also cited a delay in the completion of China s latest economic plan and hencethe tech spending associated with it.
IBM承認內部執行問題需要付一部分責任。而它決定延期中國的最新經濟計劃和限制科技投入也是其在中國失寵的一部分原因。
Cisco is also feeling a chill.
思科也感到了寒意。
In its latest quarter the Chinese revenues of the American maker of computer-networkingequipment were 18% lower than a year before.
較一年前相比，在前一季度中美國電腦網絡設備在中過的盈利下降了18%。
Cisco also forecast that its worldwide sales would fall by up to 10% in the current quarter,partly because of weakness in China.
同時思科也預感到在臨近季度中其在全球范圍中的銷售會下降超過10%。這一部分是因為中國市場表現疲軟。
Asked on an earnings conference call whether the Snowden affair was hurting business,Cisco executives said it was causing some Chinese customers to pause before makingpurchases.
當在一個電話收益會議中被問到斯諾登事件是否會影響其業務，Cisco高層表示這會使一部分中國顧客暫停購買。
But Cisco s share of sales of routers and switches to internet-service providers such as ChinaTelecom and China Unicom, and to other providers of web-based communications andinternet-connectivity services, had been falling well before the spying imbroglio.
但是思科的路由器銷售股票和為諸如中國移動和中國聯通等網絡服務提供商以及其他網絡通訊服務提供商提供的轉換器早在監視門之前就有所回落。
David Krozier of Ovum, a research firm, says Cisco left itself vulnerable in China by failing torespond quickly enough to advances by rivals such as Alcatel-Lucent, of France, andHuawei, a Chinese company.
一家研究公司Ovum的David Krozier稱由于不能及時從競爭中獲利比如Alcatel-Lucent和華維間的競爭，Cisco使自己在中國處于不利地位。
Another American supplier, Juniper Networks, has managed to increase its share.
但是另一家美國供應商uniper Networks已成功使股票增值。
As for the Qualcomm investigation, it is tempting to see this as a further consequence of MrSnowden s mischief.
至于對Qualcomm的調查，人們很容易認為這是斯諾登事件的后續。
But Qualcomm is not the only foreign company under the microscope.
但其實Qualcomm并不是唯一一家在接受調查的外國公司。
Recently others, including Danone, a French food firm, and Starbucks, an Americancoffee-shop chain, have been scrutinised for allegedly fixing prices or charging too much.
最近，其他公司包括達能和星巴克也因為涉及調整價格或是收費太高等原因面臨調查。
The Chinese government could instead be trying to send an unsubtle signal to Qualcomm.
中國政府不應該嘗試著給Qualcomm一個不明智的信號。Qualcomm主導芯片市場，
The company dominates the market for chips that let mobile devices use super-fast, 4Gmobile networks, which Chinese telecoms firms are rolling out.
使得電話設備用上極速4G手機網絡，這一技術已被中國移動廣泛鋪開。
The sudden scrutiny may thus be intended to ensure that Qualcomm asks only modestroyalties of Chinese handset-makers.
而這突然的監視有可能是打算確保Qualcomm只向中國手機制造商收取適度版稅。
All of this suggests the cost of Mr Snowden s revelations has been modest.
所有的一切都表明斯諾登事件的代價是適度的。
American firms are having difficulties in China partly because of their own missteps, but alsobecause Chinese firms such as Huawei and ZTE have grown into powerful competitors.
美國企業在中國面臨危機一部分原是他們自己的失策，但也是因為華為中興等中國企業已成長為強有力對手。
The American government has, however, made matters worse by seeking to deter firms inthe United States from using Chinese telecoms-networking technology, on the ground that itcould threaten national security.
然而美國政府卻因為試圖以威脅國家安全為由阻止美國企業用中國電信網絡技術而將事情變得更糟。
That is fuelling what Ed Maguire of CLSA, an investment bank, calls tech mercantilism.
這促進了CLSA的Ed Maguire所說的科技重商主義。
China had policies favouring local suppliers of tech equipment many months before MrSnowden s leaks.
在斯諾登事件幾個月之前中國有一些保護當地科技設備供應商的政策。
A tit-for-tat trade battle will do far more damage to American tech firms fortunes in Chinathan reports of the shenanigans of their country s spooks.
一場爭鋒相對的貿易戰給美國企業在中國資產帶來的損失遠遠大于對他們國家間諜詭計的報道。
詞語解釋
1.compare with 與相比;比得上
Life isn t fair-don t compare with or be jealous ofothers.
生活并不是公平的不要比較也不要嫉妒別人。
Atheists have precious little to compare with this.
相比之下，無神論者的資源就少得可憐。
2.associate with 與交往， 聯系;交接
The date and time to associate with the type library.
與該類型庫相關聯的日期和時間。
Create a container control designer class to associate with the custom control.
創建容器控件設計器類，并將其與自定義控件關聯。
3.switch to 切換到，轉到
Switch to the root account, and in five minutes you have it installed and ready to use withoutrebooting.
切換到根用戶，5分鐘它就安裝好并且在沒有重啟的情況下投入使用。
So he has always been happy with the switch to the gpl which he said is a fair and successfullicense.
他說，所以他一直很滿意切換到通用公共許可證，這是一個公平而成功的許可證。
4.enough to 足以
That s not enough to trigger renewed recession.
這個問題不足以導致美國經濟重新陷入衰退。
It tells you enough to get started right away.
它告訴你的東西足夠讓你立刻開始使用。
