American telecoms

　　美國(guó)電信

　　A breath of fresh airwavesyou want

　　呼吸新鮮的電波

　　The scramble for spectrum could reshapeAmerica s telecoms industry

　　頻譜爭(zhēng)奪戰(zhàn)可能打開(kāi)美國(guó)電信新局面

　　JULIUS GENACHOWSKI, the head of America s Federal Communications Commission, hascalled wireless spectrum the oxygen that sustains our mobile devices.

　　美聯(lián)邦通訊委員會(huì)主席JULIUS GENACHOWSKI，將無(wú)線(xiàn)通訊頻段稱(chēng)為維持移動(dòng)通訊設(shè)備工作的氧氣，

　　Yet unlike oxygen, the airwaves over which telecoms companies transmit their wirelesssignals are in ever shorter supply.

　　同的是，如今電信公司用來(lái)傳輸無(wú)線(xiàn)訊號(hào)的波段比以往更加短缺。

　　According to the FCC s calculations,

　　但與氧氣不據(jù)委員會(huì)估計(jì)，

　　America needs to make 300megahertz of additional spectrum available by 2023 to avoid a crunch that drives upconsumers mobile-phone bills and holds back innovation.

　　為免移動(dòng)電話(huà)用戶(hù)賬單攀升，創(chuàng)新停滯不前，引發(fā)頻譜危機(jī)，到2023年美國(guó)需要新增300兆赫茲頻段投入使用。

　　Some critics reckon the regulator s projections are too pessimistic.

　　有的評(píng)論家認(rèn)為委員會(huì)的預(yù)測(cè)太過(guò)悲觀(guān)，

　　But telecoms firms say an explosion of wireless data triggered by smartphones and tabletcomputers is indeed soaking up capacity fast.

　　但電信公司指出，由智能機(jī)和平板電腦所引發(fā)的無(wú)線(xiàn)通訊數(shù)據(jù)的激增，

　　Hence the scramble for more airwaves.

　　實(shí)際上正快速占據(jù)頻帶容量，面向更多頻段的爭(zhēng)奪進(jìn)而產(chǎn)生。

　　On December 2nd Verizon Wireless, the country s largest mobile operator, announced a$3.6 billion deal to buy spectrum from several cable-television companies.

　　12月2日，美國(guó)最大的移動(dòng)通訊運(yùn)營(yíng)商威瑞森無(wú)線(xiàn)通訊公司宣布斥資36億美金從幾家有線(xiàn)電視公司手中收購(gòu)波段。

　　AT T, another telecoms behemoth, has been telling anyone who will listen that its $39billion bid for T-Mobile USA, a smaller rival, should be approved in part because it would easea capacity headache:

　　另一家電信巨頭AT T也正試圖讓每一個(gè)關(guān)心的人相信，它對(duì)T-Mobile USA這個(gè)小公司的價(jià)值390億的收購(gòu)企劃應(yīng)得以通過(guò)，部分原因是如此可緩和波段緊缺的困難：

　　AT T has plenty of capital but needs more spectrum, while T-Mobile has the airwavesbut lacks the capital to exploit them fully.

　　AT T有足夠的資金但需要更大的帶寬，然而T-Mobile 有帶寬卻缺少充分開(kāi)發(fā)利用的資金。

　　The snag is that allowing AT T and T-Mobile to merge would stifle competition in thewireless marketwhich is why both the Department of Justice and the FCC oppose it.

　　問(wèn)題在于，若允許AT T 和T-Mobile合并，就會(huì)破壞無(wú)線(xiàn)市場(chǎng)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)公平這就是為什么司法部和聯(lián)邦通訊委員會(huì)都反對(duì)它們合并。

　　AT T and Deutsche Telekom, T-Mobile s German parent, have pledged to fight on, butthe merger s chances are slim. Verizon s deal,

　　AT T 和 T-Mobile 的母公司德國(guó)電信已承諾會(huì)繼續(xù)爭(zhēng)取，但合并的希望渺茫。

　　by contrast, will probably be cleared by the FCC, which must approve transfers of licensedspectrum.

　　相反，委員會(huì)卻極有可能會(huì)同意Verizon的交易，因?yàn)樗鼪](méi)有權(quán)力阻止已得到使用許可的波段的易主。

　　Could more wireless capacity be liberated from other businesses that do not need it?

　　可以從其他行業(yè)釋放出更多的無(wú)線(xiàn)通訊空間嗎?

　　The FCC thinks so.

　　它們并不需要那么多。

　　It has come up with a proposal to persuade TV companies to part with some of theirairwaves.

　　聯(lián)邦通訊委員會(huì)覺(jué)得可行，它已起草一項(xiàng)提案建議說(shuō)服電視公司出讓它們的部分波段。

　　It would solicit spectrum from broadcasters and then repackage it into larger lots to be soldin an auction.

　　委員會(huì)將設(shè)法從電視臺(tái)買(mǎi)來(lái)波段，然后將之重新包裝合并，進(jìn)行拍賣(mài)，

　　The revenue raised would be shared between the government and the broadcasters.

　　籌集的收入由政府和電視臺(tái)分成。

　　The FCC thinks this could release up to 120MHz of TV broadcast spectrum.

　　委員會(huì)認(rèn)為如此可釋放多達(dá)120MHz的電視廣播頻段。

　　TV companies could instead sell their holdings to telecoms companies directly.

　　實(shí)際上，電視臺(tái)也可以直接向電信公司出售頻段，

　　But this would probably mean lots of tiny, fragmented packets of airwaves changing hands.

　　但轉(zhuǎn)手的很可能是許多短小細(xì)碎的波段。

　　Wireless operators will pay more for large, contiguous parcels of spectrum, which is whythe FCC wants to orchestrate the process.

　　為購(gòu)買(mǎi)大容量連續(xù)帶寬無(wú)線(xiàn)運(yùn)營(yíng)公司將需要付出更多金錢(qián)，這也正是聯(lián)邦通訊委員會(huì)想要精心策劃這項(xiàng)進(jìn)程的原因。

　　Legislation to give it permission to do so is making its way through Congress.

　　為使委員會(huì)具有操作權(quán)限，相關(guān)法規(guī)正在議會(huì)進(jìn)行審核。

　　It may be passed by the end of the year.

　　這項(xiàng)法規(guī)大概會(huì)在年底之前可以通過(guò)。

　　But some broadcasters have given warning that the plan could hurt some stations.

　　但是一些廣播公司提出警告，這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃可能會(huì)傷害某些電視臺(tái)的利益。

　　We re concerned this will have unintended consequences, says Alan Frank, the chiefexecutive of Post-Newsweek Stations, which has operations in Detroit, San Antonio andother cities.

　　Alan Frank是Post-Newsweek 電視臺(tái)的首席執(zhí)行官，該臺(tái)在底特律，圣安東尼奧及其他城市均設(shè)有業(yè)務(wù)，他說(shuō)：我們擔(dān)心這項(xiàng)舉措會(huì)產(chǎn)生意想不到的后果。

　　TV folk fret that the FCC wants to be able to force stations to swap channels if necessary,even if they do not take part in the auction, so that it can create attractive parcels.

　　電視工作者擔(dān)心委員會(huì)擬定法案是想在必要的時(shí)候迫使他們轉(zhuǎn)換頻道，以便構(gòu)成更可觀(guān)的波段組合，即使這些頻道并沒(méi)有參與拍賣(mài)。

　　This will raise their costs and could lead to the disappearance of some stations in cities nearthe Mexican and Canadian borders, where TV spectrum is already limited.

　　這種做法會(huì)提高電視臺(tái)的運(yùn)營(yíng)成本，同時(shí)可能導(dǎo)致臨近墨西哥、加拿大的邊境城市里的部分電視臺(tái)消失，因?yàn)樵谀抢镱l帶資源本就很有限。

　　Such concerns can be dealt with.

　　這樣的擔(dān)憂(yōu)是可以解決的。

　　Legislators are likely to create a fund to compensate broadcasters who have to movechannels.

　　立法者也許會(huì)設(shè)立一項(xiàng)基金用以補(bǔ)償那些不得不轉(zhuǎn)換頻道的電視廣播公司，

　　And they will probably require the FCC to try hard to preserve existing TV coverage when itrepackages airwaves.

　　并且他們很有可能要求聯(lián)邦通訊委員會(huì)在重組波段的時(shí)候，盡力保全現(xiàn)存的電視頻道覆蓋范圍。

　　Congress s enthusiasm to get something done is understandable.

　　國(guó)會(huì)熱衷于達(dá)成一些成就的心理是可以理解的。

　　For one thing, an auction will raise billions of dollars for the public purse.

　　一方面，一場(chǎng)拍賣(mài)會(huì)能為國(guó)庫(kù)籌集到數(shù)十億美元的資金;

　　For another, it will create jobs by encouraging firms to invest in their networks.

　　另一方面，通過(guò)鼓勵(lì)公司投資網(wǎng)路可以創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。

　　Failure to act would send the wrong signal to one of America s fastest-growing industries.

　　而若舉措不當(dāng)則將會(huì)向這一全美都發(fā)展迅猛的產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)送錯(cuò)誤的訊息。

　　詞語(yǔ)解釋

　　1.industry n.工業(yè);產(chǎn)業(yè);行業(yè)

　　Since the advent of atomic power, there have beengreat changes in industry.

　　自從原子動(dòng)力問(wèn)世以后，工業(yè)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。

　　2.communication n.交流;通訊;傳達(dá)

　　Most important of all, computers create widecommunication around the world.

　　最重要的是,計(jì)算機(jī)在世界范圍內(nèi)建立了廣泛的交流。

　　3.transmit v.傳達(dá);傳染;傳送

　　Gypsies frequently transmit recipes orally within the family.

　　吉普賽人經(jīng)常以口頭形式把秘方世代相傳。

　　4.available a.可利用的;可得到的;有空的

　　Do you have a room available?

　　你們有空房間嗎?

　　5.projection n.投影;投射;規(guī)劃

　　The simplest form of projection is a perspective projection.

　　最簡(jiǎn)單的投影形式是透視投影。

　　American telecoms

　　美國(guó)電信

　　A breath of fresh airwavesyou want

　　呼吸新鮮的電波

　　The scramble for spectrum could reshapeAmerica s telecoms industry

　　頻譜爭(zhēng)奪戰(zhàn)可能打開(kāi)美國(guó)電信新局面

　　JULIUS GENACHOWSKI, the head of America s Federal Communications Commission, hascalled wireless spectrum the oxygen that sustains our mobile devices.

　　美聯(lián)邦通訊委員會(huì)主席JULIUS GENACHOWSKI，將無(wú)線(xiàn)通訊頻段稱(chēng)為維持移動(dòng)通訊設(shè)備工作的氧氣，

　　Yet unlike oxygen, the airwaves over which telecoms companies transmit their wirelesssignals are in ever shorter supply.

　　同的是，如今電信公司用來(lái)傳輸無(wú)線(xiàn)訊號(hào)的波段比以往更加短缺。

　　According to the FCC s calculations,

　　但與氧氣不據(jù)委員會(huì)估計(jì)，

　　America needs to make 300megahertz of additional spectrum available by 2023 to avoid a crunch that drives upconsumers mobile-phone bills and holds back innovation.

　　為免移動(dòng)電話(huà)用戶(hù)賬單攀升，創(chuàng)新停滯不前，引發(fā)頻譜危機(jī)，到2023年美國(guó)需要新增300兆赫茲頻段投入使用。

　　Some critics reckon the regulator s projections are too pessimistic.

　　有的評(píng)論家認(rèn)為委員會(huì)的預(yù)測(cè)太過(guò)悲觀(guān)，

　　But telecoms firms say an explosion of wireless data triggered by smartphones and tabletcomputers is indeed soaking up capacity fast.

　　但電信公司指出，由智能機(jī)和平板電腦所引發(fā)的無(wú)線(xiàn)通訊數(shù)據(jù)的激增，

　　Hence the scramble for more airwaves.

　　實(shí)際上正快速占據(jù)頻帶容量，面向更多頻段的爭(zhēng)奪進(jìn)而產(chǎn)生。

　　On December 2nd Verizon Wireless, the country s largest mobile operator, announced a$3.6 billion deal to buy spectrum from several cable-television companies.

　　12月2日，美國(guó)最大的移動(dòng)通訊運(yùn)營(yíng)商威瑞森無(wú)線(xiàn)通訊公司宣布斥資36億美金從幾家有線(xiàn)電視公司手中收購(gòu)波段。

　　AT T, another telecoms behemoth, has been telling anyone who will listen that its $39billion bid for T-Mobile USA, a smaller rival, should be approved in part because it would easea capacity headache:

　　另一家電信巨頭AT T也正試圖讓每一個(gè)關(guān)心的人相信，它對(duì)T-Mobile USA這個(gè)小公司的價(jià)值390億的收購(gòu)企劃應(yīng)得以通過(guò)，部分原因是如此可緩和波段緊缺的困難：

　　AT T has plenty of capital but needs more spectrum, while T-Mobile has the airwavesbut lacks the capital to exploit them fully.

　　AT T有足夠的資金但需要更大的帶寬，然而T-Mobile 有帶寬卻缺少充分開(kāi)發(fā)利用的資金。

　　The snag is that allowing AT T and T-Mobile to merge would stifle competition in thewireless marketwhich is why both the Department of Justice and the FCC oppose it.

　　問(wèn)題在于，若允許AT T 和T-Mobile合并，就會(huì)破壞無(wú)線(xiàn)市場(chǎng)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)公平這就是為什么司法部和聯(lián)邦通訊委員會(huì)都反對(duì)它們合并。

　　AT T and Deutsche Telekom, T-Mobile s German parent, have pledged to fight on, butthe merger s chances are slim. Verizon s deal,

　　AT T 和 T-Mobile 的母公司德國(guó)電信已承諾會(huì)繼續(xù)爭(zhēng)取，但合并的希望渺茫。

　　by contrast, will probably be cleared by the FCC, which must approve transfers of licensedspectrum.

　　相反，委員會(huì)卻極有可能會(huì)同意Verizon的交易，因?yàn)樗鼪](méi)有權(quán)力阻止已得到使用許可的波段的易主。

　　Could more wireless capacity be liberated from other businesses that do not need it?

　　可以從其他行業(yè)釋放出更多的無(wú)線(xiàn)通訊空間嗎?

　　The FCC thinks so.

　　它們并不需要那么多。

　　It has come up with a proposal to persuade TV companies to part with some of theirairwaves.

　　聯(lián)邦通訊委員會(huì)覺(jué)得可行，它已起草一項(xiàng)提案建議說(shuō)服電視公司出讓它們的部分波段。

　　It would solicit spectrum from broadcasters and then repackage it into larger lots to be soldin an auction.

　　委員會(huì)將設(shè)法從電視臺(tái)買(mǎi)來(lái)波段，然后將之重新包裝合并，進(jìn)行拍賣(mài)，

　　The revenue raised would be shared between the government and the broadcasters.

　　籌集的收入由政府和電視臺(tái)分成。

　　The FCC thinks this could release up to 120MHz of TV broadcast spectrum.

　　委員會(huì)認(rèn)為如此可釋放多達(dá)120MHz的電視廣播頻段。

　　TV companies could instead sell their holdings to telecoms companies directly.

　　實(shí)際上，電視臺(tái)也可以直接向電信公司出售頻段，

　　But this would probably mean lots of tiny, fragmented packets of airwaves changing hands.

　　但轉(zhuǎn)手的很可能是許多短小細(xì)碎的波段。

　　Wireless operators will pay more for large, contiguous parcels of spectrum, which is whythe FCC wants to orchestrate the process.

　　為購(gòu)買(mǎi)大容量連續(xù)帶寬無(wú)線(xiàn)運(yùn)營(yíng)公司將需要付出更多金錢(qián)，這也正是聯(lián)邦通訊委員會(huì)想要精心策劃這項(xiàng)進(jìn)程的原因。

　　Legislation to give it permission to do so is making its way through Congress.

　　為使委員會(huì)具有操作權(quán)限，相關(guān)法規(guī)正在議會(huì)進(jìn)行審核。

　　It may be passed by the end of the year.

　　這項(xiàng)法規(guī)大概會(huì)在年底之前可以通過(guò)。

　　But some broadcasters have given warning that the plan could hurt some stations.

　　但是一些廣播公司提出警告，這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃可能會(huì)傷害某些電視臺(tái)的利益。

　　We re concerned this will have unintended consequences, says Alan Frank, the chiefexecutive of Post-Newsweek Stations, which has operations in Detroit, San Antonio andother cities.

　　Alan Frank是Post-Newsweek 電視臺(tái)的首席執(zhí)行官，該臺(tái)在底特律，圣安東尼奧及其他城市均設(shè)有業(yè)務(wù)，他說(shuō)：我們擔(dān)心這項(xiàng)舉措會(huì)產(chǎn)生意想不到的后果。

　　TV folk fret that the FCC wants to be able to force stations to swap channels if necessary,even if they do not take part in the auction, so that it can create attractive parcels.

　　電視工作者擔(dān)心委員會(huì)擬定法案是想在必要的時(shí)候迫使他們轉(zhuǎn)換頻道，以便構(gòu)成更可觀(guān)的波段組合，即使這些頻道并沒(méi)有參與拍賣(mài)。

　　This will raise their costs and could lead to the disappearance of some stations in cities nearthe Mexican and Canadian borders, where TV spectrum is already limited.

　　這種做法會(huì)提高電視臺(tái)的運(yùn)營(yíng)成本，同時(shí)可能導(dǎo)致臨近墨西哥、加拿大的邊境城市里的部分電視臺(tái)消失，因?yàn)樵谀抢镱l帶資源本就很有限。

　　Such concerns can be dealt with.

　　這樣的擔(dān)憂(yōu)是可以解決的。

　　Legislators are likely to create a fund to compensate broadcasters who have to movechannels.

　　立法者也許會(huì)設(shè)立一項(xiàng)基金用以補(bǔ)償那些不得不轉(zhuǎn)換頻道的電視廣播公司，

　　And they will probably require the FCC to try hard to preserve existing TV coverage when itrepackages airwaves.

　　并且他們很有可能要求聯(lián)邦通訊委員會(huì)在重組波段的時(shí)候，盡力保全現(xiàn)存的電視頻道覆蓋范圍。

　　Congress s enthusiasm to get something done is understandable.

　　國(guó)會(huì)熱衷于達(dá)成一些成就的心理是可以理解的。

　　For one thing, an auction will raise billions of dollars for the public purse.

　　一方面，一場(chǎng)拍賣(mài)會(huì)能為國(guó)庫(kù)籌集到數(shù)十億美元的資金;

　　For another, it will create jobs by encouraging firms to invest in their networks.

　　另一方面，通過(guò)鼓勵(lì)公司投資網(wǎng)路可以創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。

　　Failure to act would send the wrong signal to one of America s fastest-growing industries.

　　而若舉措不當(dāng)則將會(huì)向這一全美都發(fā)展迅猛的產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)送錯(cuò)誤的訊息。

　　詞語(yǔ)解釋

　　1.industry n.工業(yè);產(chǎn)業(yè);行業(yè)

　　Since the advent of atomic power, there have beengreat changes in industry.

　　自從原子動(dòng)力問(wèn)世以后，工業(yè)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。

　　2.communication n.交流;通訊;傳達(dá)

　　Most important of all, computers create widecommunication around the world.

　　最重要的是,計(jì)算機(jī)在世界范圍內(nèi)建立了廣泛的交流。

　　3.transmit v.傳達(dá);傳染;傳送

　　Gypsies frequently transmit recipes orally within the family.

　　吉普賽人經(jīng)常以口頭形式把秘方世代相傳。

　　4.available a.可利用的;可得到的;有空的

　　Do you have a room available?

　　你們有空房間嗎?

　　5.projection n.投影;投射;規(guī)劃

　　The simplest form of projection is a perspective projection.

　　最簡(jiǎn)單的投影形式是透視投影。