大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)語(yǔ)法的試題虛擬語(yǔ)氣詳解資料
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)語(yǔ)法試題虛擬語(yǔ)氣詳解資料 名詞性從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣
第一節(jié)：賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣
一、在動(dòng)詞wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣
在動(dòng)詞wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，常省去賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞that。
一)、對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬：
從句用過(guò)去式或過(guò)去進(jìn)行式。其句子結(jié)構(gòu)為：賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)be和were，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式。例：
1. I wish I knew the answer to the question.我希望知道這個(gè)答案。
2. I wish it were spring in my hometown all the year around.但愿我的家鄉(xiāng)四季如春。
3. I wish I were a bird.但愿我是只小鳥(niǎo)。
4. When she was at the party,she wished she were at home.
5. Now that he is in China, he wishes he understood Chinese.
現(xiàn)在他在中國(guó)，他希望能懂得中文。
6. When we begin the trip, they will wish they were with us.
二)、對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬：
用wish表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的遺憾。其句子結(jié)構(gòu)為：賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，或would, could, might+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。例：
1. I wish I hadnt wasted so much time.
我后悔不該浪費(fèi)這么多時(shí)間。
2. He wishes he hadnt lost the chance.
他真希望沒(méi)有失去機(jī)會(huì)。
3. We wished he had spoken to us.
4. I wish you had called earlier.
5. They will wish they had listened to us sooner.
例題分析：I wish I ______ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.
A. could have slept B. slept C. might have slept D. have slept
動(dòng)詞wish后面接從句，表達(dá)不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)或與事實(shí)相反的情況時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即用過(guò)去式或過(guò)去完成式。本題后半句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞have用的是過(guò)去時(shí)had
to get up and come, 所以前面要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。所以, 選項(xiàng)A)could have slept是答案
三)、對(duì)將來(lái)情況的虛擬：
從句動(dòng)詞would/should/could/might + 動(dòng)詞原形。用wish表示對(duì)將來(lái)事情的愿望。例：
1. I wish it would stop raining.
我希望雨能停止。
2. I wish you would be quiet.
我希望你安靜一些。
3. You wished she would arrive the next day.
你希望她第二天會(huì)到。
4. I wish she would change her mind.
我希望她會(huì)改變主意。
5. He will wish we would join him the following week.
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)語(yǔ)法試題虛擬語(yǔ)氣詳解資料 名詞性從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣
第一節(jié)：賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣
一、在動(dòng)詞wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣
在動(dòng)詞wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，常省去賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞that。
一)、對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬：
從句用過(guò)去式或過(guò)去進(jìn)行式。其句子結(jié)構(gòu)為：賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)be和were，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式。例：
1. I wish I knew the answer to the question.我希望知道這個(gè)答案。
2. I wish it were spring in my hometown all the year around.但愿我的家鄉(xiāng)四季如春。
3. I wish I were a bird.但愿我是只小鳥(niǎo)。
4. When she was at the party,she wished she were at home.
5. Now that he is in China, he wishes he understood Chinese.
現(xiàn)在他在中國(guó)，他希望能懂得中文。
6. When we begin the trip, they will wish they were with us.
二)、對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬：
用wish表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的遺憾。其句子結(jié)構(gòu)為：賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，或would, could, might+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。例：
1. I wish I hadnt wasted so much time.
我后悔不該浪費(fèi)這么多時(shí)間。
2. He wishes he hadnt lost the chance.
他真希望沒(méi)有失去機(jī)會(huì)。
3. We wished he had spoken to us.
4. I wish you had called earlier.
5. They will wish they had listened to us sooner.
例題分析：I wish I ______ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.
A. could have slept B. slept C. might have slept D. have slept
動(dòng)詞wish后面接從句，表達(dá)不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)或與事實(shí)相反的情況時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即用過(guò)去式或過(guò)去完成式。本題后半句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞have用的是過(guò)去時(shí)had
to get up and come, 所以前面要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。所以, 選項(xiàng)A)could have slept是答案
三)、對(duì)將來(lái)情況的虛擬：
從句動(dòng)詞would/should/could/might + 動(dòng)詞原形。用wish表示對(duì)將來(lái)事情的愿望。例：
1. I wish it would stop raining.
我希望雨能停止。
2. I wish you would be quiet.
我希望你安靜一些。
3. You wished she would arrive the next day.
你希望她第二天會(huì)到。
4. I wish she would change her mind.
我希望她會(huì)改變主意。
5. He will wish we would join him the following week.
