Test 22

　　Ⅰ.閱讀理解

　　A

　　Going to school means learning new skills and facts in different subjects.Teachers teach and students learn，and many scientists are interested in finding ways to improve both teaching and learning processes.

　　Sian Beilock and Susan Leving，two psychologists at the University of Chicago，are trying to learn about learning.In a new study about the way kids learn math in elementary school，Beilock and Levine found a surprising relationship between what female teachers think and what female students learn：If a female teacher is uncomfortable with her own math skills，then her female students are more likely to believe that boys are better than girls at math.“If these girls keep getting math-anxious female teachers in later grades，it_may_create_a_snowball_effect_on_their_math_achievement，” Levine told Science News.The study suggests that if these girls grow up believing that boys are better at math than girls are，then these girls may not do as well as they would have if they were more confident.

　　Just as students find certain subjects to be difficult，teachers can find certain subjects to be difficult to learn and teach.The subject of math can be particularly difficult for everyone.

　　The new study involved 65 girls,52 boys and 17 first and second-grade teachers in elementary schools in the Midwest.The students took math achievement tests at the beginning and end of the school year，and the researchers compared the scores.

　　The researchers also gave the students tests to tell whether the students believed a math superstar had to be a boy.Then the researchers turned to the teachers：To find out which teachers were anxious about math，the researchers asked the teachers how they felt at times when they came across math，such as when reading a sales receipt.A teacher who got nervous looking at the numbers on a sales receipt，for example，was probably anxious about math.

　　Boys，on average，were unaffected by a teacher’s anxiety.On average，girls with math-anxious teachers scored lower on the end-of-the-year math tests than other girls in the study did.Plus，on the test showing whether someone thought a math superstar had to be a boy,20 girls showed feeling that boys would be better at math and all of these girls had been taught by female teachers with math anxiety.

　　According to surveys done before this one，college students who want to become elementary school teachers have the highest levels of anxiety about math.Plus，nine of every 10 elementary teachers are women，Levine said.

　　1．Sian Beilock and Susan Levine carried out the new research in order to ________.

　　A．know the effects of teaching on learning

　　B．study students’ ways of learning math

　　C．prove women teachers are unfit to teach math

　　D．find better teaching methods for teachers

　　答案　B

　　解析　根據第二段前半部分可知本題選B項。

　　2．The underlined part in paragraph 2 most probably means that girls may ________.

　　A．end up learning math anxiety from their teachers

　　B．study the ways their female teachers behave

　　C．have an influence on their math-anxious female teachers

　　D．gain unexpected achievement in such subjects as math

　　答案　A

　　解析　根據下文“The study suggests that if these girls grow up believing that boys are better at math than girls are，then these girls may not do as well as they would have if they were more confident.”可知這句話表明如果女生跟著對數學感到焦慮的女老師，對她們的影響會越來越大，像滾雪球一樣。

　　3．In the study，what were the teachers required to do?

　　A．Prepare two math achievement tests for the students.

　　B．Tell their feelings about math problems.

　　C．Answer whether a math superstar had to be a boy.

　　D．Compare the students’ scores after the math tests.

　　答案　B

　　解析　根據第五段可知B項正確。

　　4．What is the finding of the new study?

　　A．No male students were affected by their teachers’ anxiety.

　　B．Almost all the girls got lower scores in the tests than the boys.

　　C．About 30% of the girls thought boys are better at math than girls.

　　D．Girls with math-anxious teachers all failed in the math tests.

　　答案　C

　　解析　根據第四段第一句話可知共65名女生參加測試，根據倒數第二段可知有20個女生認為男生在數學方面比女生做的好，所以比例為30%。

　　5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?

　　A．117 students and teachers took part in the new study.

　　B．The researchers felt surprised at the findings of their study.

　　C．Beilock and Levine are interested in teaching math.

　　D．Men teachers are better at teaching math than women teachers.

　　答案　B

　　解析　根據第二段“Beilock and Levine found a surprising relationship...”可知他們對結果感到吃驚。

　　B

　　A few months ago as I wandered through my parents’ house，the same house I grew up in，I had a sudden，scary realization.When my parents bought the house，in 1982，they were only two years older than I am now.I tried to imagine myself in two years，ready to settle down and buy the house I’d still be living in almost 30 years later.

　　It seemed ridiculous.On a practical level，there’s no way I could afford to buy a house anytime soon.More importantly，I wouldn’t want to.I’m not sure where I’ll be living in two years，or what kind of job I’ll have.And I don’t think I’ll be ready to settle down and stay in one place.

　　So this is probably the generation gap that divides my friends and me from our parents.When our parents were our age，they’d gotten their education，chosen a career，and were starting to settle into responsible adult lives.

　　My friends and I “Generation Y” still aren’t sure what we want to do with our lives.Whatever we end up doing，we want to make sure we’re happy doing it.We’d rather take risks first，try out different jobs，and move from one city to another until we find our favorite place.We’d rather spend our money on travel than put it in a savings account.

　　This casual attitude toward responsibility has caused some critics to call my generation “arrogant”，“impatient”，and “overprotected”．Some of these complaints have a point.As children we were encouraged to succeed in school，but also to have fun.We grew up in a world full of technological innovation：cellphones，the Internet，instant messaging，and video games.

　　Our parents looked to rise vertically(垂直的)—starting at the bottom of the ladder and slowly making their way to the top，on the same track，often for the same company.That doesn’t apply to my generation.

　　Because of that，it may take us longer than our parents to arrive at responsible，stable adulthood.But that’s not necessarily a bad thing.In our desire to find satisfaction，we will work harder，strive for ways to keep life interesting，and gain a broader set of experiences and knowledge than our parents’ generation did.By Ariel Lewiton

　　6．When the author walked through her parents’ house，she ________.

　　A．was frightened that she had no idea what she wanted from life

　　B．started to think about her own life

　　C．realized I should buy a house

　　D．wondered why her parents had settled down early

　　答案　B

　　解析　根據第一段的“When my parents bought the house，in 1982，they were only two years older than I am now.I tried to imagine myself in two years...”可知是想象自己未來的生活。所以B項正確。

　　7．What is the main “generation gap” between the author and her friends and their parents according to the article?

　　A．Their attitude toward high technology.

　　B．Their ways of making their way to the top.

　　C．Their attitude towards responsibility.

　　D．Their ways of gaining experience.

　　答案　C

　　解析　根據第五段中的“This casual attitude toward responsibility has caused some critics to call my generation ‘arrogant’，‘impatient’，and ‘overprotected’．”可知，父母和我們之間的代溝是：對待責任的態度。所以C項正確。

　　8．Which of the following might the author agree with?

　　A．It’s all right to try more before settling down.

　　B．It’s better to take adult responsibility earlier.

　　C．It involves too much effort to rise vertically.

　　D．It’s ridiculous to call her generation “arrogant”．

　　答案　A

　　解析　根據文章的第四段中的“We’d rather take risks first，try out different jobs，and move from one city to another until we find our favorite place.”可知，在我們找到最喜歡的地方之前，我們寧愿冒險，嘗試不同的工作，從一個城市到另一個城市。這表明他們愿意在定居之前多嘗試一些。所以A項正確。

　　9．What can we conclude from the article?

　　A．The author is envious of her parents enjoying a big house at her age.

　　B．Growing up in a hi-tech world makes “Generation Y” feel insecure about relationships.

　　C．“Generation Y” people don’t want to grow up and love to be taken care of by their parents.

　　D．The author wrote this article so that others would be able to understand her generation better.

　　答案　D

　　解析　根據文章的最后一段可知D項正確。

　　10．What is the main theme of the article?

　　A．The sudden realization of growing up.

　　B．A comparison between lifestyles of generations.

　　C．Criticisms of the young generation.

　　D．The factors that have changed the young generation.

　　答案　B

　　解析　綜觀全文可知：本文的主題是比較兩代人之間生活方式的差異。

　　Ⅱ.微寫作

　　寫作素材

　　1．多年的學校生活教會了我很多東西。

　　2．團隊協作對我來說最重要。

　　3．實際上，讓我解除困擾并使工作更有效的是團隊工作而不是單打獨斗。

　　(素材來源于2011·湖北·短文寫作)

　　提示：盡量使用高級表達：介詞＋which引導的非限制性定語從句；強調句等。

　　連句成篇(將以上句子連成一篇50詞左右的英語短文)

　　Years of school life has taught me a lot of things，of which teamwork is the most important for me.Actually it is working in teams instead of on my own that has freed me of trouble and made the work more efficient.

　　1．likely adj.可能的adv.可能　be likely to do...可能做……　as likely as not很可能　not likely絕不可能2．responsibility n．責任　responsible adj.負責的　be responsible for為……負責　take responsibility for為……負責　a sense of responsibility責任感

　　3．come across (偶然)遇見　come about發生　come to蘇醒　come out出版　come up提出；升起

　　4．settle down安靜下來；定居　settle on決定　settle a problem解決問題

　　5．To find out which teachers were anxious about math，the researchers asked the teachers how they felt at times when they came across math，such as when reading a sales receipt.

　　句中動詞不定式to find out which teachers were anxious about math作目的狀語，which引導賓語從句，how they felt at times...作動詞asked的賓語，在該賓語從句中包含一個由when引導的定語從句，修飾times。

　　如何做科普知識類閱讀理解題？

　　科普類文章是高考閱讀理解中的難點題材，其取材密切聯系當前經濟和科技等方面的變化，以介紹某一科學現象居多。科普類文章具有結構嚴謹、邏輯性強等特點。其主要命題形式有事實細節題、詞義猜測題、推理

　　判斷題以及主旨概括題等，其中推理判斷題居多。這類文章的總體特點是：科技詞匯多，句子結構復雜，理論性強，邏輯嚴謹。

　　解答這類題目時應注意：

　　1．遵循先問題后文章的解題思路。這樣針對性更強，同時又可以避免生詞的影響。

　　2．科普類文章對細節理解題考查較多，所以閱讀文章時，要隨時把一些重要的細節信息劃出來，以和題目進行對比，不必對文章內容作過多的思考。本節中A篇第1、3、4、5題均屬于細節性問題，根據題干中的信息詞，我們可以直接在文章中找到答案所在的段落，不需要對文章作過多的思考，同時還可避開生詞的影響，提高答題的準確率。

　　Test 22

　　Ⅰ.閱讀理解

　　A

　　Going to school means learning new skills and facts in different subjects.Teachers teach and students learn，and many scientists are interested in finding ways to improve both teaching and learning processes.

　　Sian Beilock and Susan Leving，two psychologists at the University of Chicago，are trying to learn about learning.In a new study about the way kids learn math in elementary school，Beilock and Levine found a surprising relationship between what female teachers think and what female students learn：If a female teacher is uncomfortable with her own math skills，then her female students are more likely to believe that boys are better than girls at math.“If these girls keep getting math-anxious female teachers in later grades，it_may_create_a_snowball_effect_on_their_math_achievement，” Levine told Science News.The study suggests that if these girls grow up believing that boys are better at math than girls are，then these girls may not do as well as they would have if they were more confident.

　　Just as students find certain subjects to be difficult，teachers can find certain subjects to be difficult to learn and teach.The subject of math can be particularly difficult for everyone.

　　The new study involved 65 girls,52 boys and 17 first and second-grade teachers in elementary schools in the Midwest.The students took math achievement tests at the beginning and end of the school year，and the researchers compared the scores.

　　The researchers also gave the students tests to tell whether the students believed a math superstar had to be a boy.Then the researchers turned to the teachers：To find out which teachers were anxious about math，the researchers asked the teachers how they felt at times when they came across math，such as when reading a sales receipt.A teacher who got nervous looking at the numbers on a sales receipt，for example，was probably anxious about math.

　　Boys，on average，were unaffected by a teacher’s anxiety.On average，girls with math-anxious teachers scored lower on the end-of-the-year math tests than other girls in the study did.Plus，on the test showing whether someone thought a math superstar had to be a boy,20 girls showed feeling that boys would be better at math and all of these girls had been taught by female teachers with math anxiety.

　　According to surveys done before this one，college students who want to become elementary school teachers have the highest levels of anxiety about math.Plus，nine of every 10 elementary teachers are women，Levine said.

　　1．Sian Beilock and Susan Levine carried out the new research in order to ________.

　　A．know the effects of teaching on learning

　　B．study students’ ways of learning math

　　C．prove women teachers are unfit to teach math

　　D．find better teaching methods for teachers

　　答案　B

　　解析　根據第二段前半部分可知本題選B項。

　　2．The underlined part in paragraph 2 most probably means that girls may ________.

　　A．end up learning math anxiety from their teachers

　　B．study the ways their female teachers behave

　　C．have an influence on their math-anxious female teachers

　　D．gain unexpected achievement in such subjects as math

　　答案　A

　　解析　根據下文“The study suggests that if these girls grow up believing that boys are better at math than girls are，then these girls may not do as well as they would have if they were more confident.”可知這句話表明如果女生跟著對數學感到焦慮的女老師，對她們的影響會越來越大，像滾雪球一樣。

　　3．In the study，what were the teachers required to do?

　　A．Prepare two math achievement tests for the students.

　　B．Tell their feelings about math problems.

　　C．Answer whether a math superstar had to be a boy.

　　D．Compare the students’ scores after the math tests.

　　答案　B

　　解析　根據第五段可知B項正確。

　　4．What is the finding of the new study?

　　A．No male students were affected by their teachers’ anxiety.

　　B．Almost all the girls got lower scores in the tests than the boys.

　　C．About 30% of the girls thought boys are better at math than girls.

　　D．Girls with math-anxious teachers all failed in the math tests.

　　答案　C

　　解析　根據第四段第一句話可知共65名女生參加測試，根據倒數第二段可知有20個女生認為男生在數學方面比女生做的好，所以比例為30%。

　　5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?

　　A．117 students and teachers took part in the new study.

　　B．The researchers felt surprised at the findings of their study.

　　C．Beilock and Levine are interested in teaching math.

　　D．Men teachers are better at teaching math than women teachers.

　　答案　B

　　解析　根據第二段“Beilock and Levine found a surprising relationship...”可知他們對結果感到吃驚。

　　B

　　A few months ago as I wandered through my parents’ house，the same house I grew up in，I had a sudden，scary realization.When my parents bought the house，in 1982，they were only two years older than I am now.I tried to imagine myself in two years，ready to settle down and buy the house I’d still be living in almost 30 years later.

　　It seemed ridiculous.On a practical level，there’s no way I could afford to buy a house anytime soon.More importantly，I wouldn’t want to.I’m not sure where I’ll be living in two years，or what kind of job I’ll have.And I don’t think I’ll be ready to settle down and stay in one place.

　　So this is probably the generation gap that divides my friends and me from our parents.When our parents were our age，they’d gotten their education，chosen a career，and were starting to settle into responsible adult lives.

　　My friends and I “Generation Y” still aren’t sure what we want to do with our lives.Whatever we end up doing，we want to make sure we’re happy doing it.We’d rather take risks first，try out different jobs，and move from one city to another until we find our favorite place.We’d rather spend our money on travel than put it in a savings account.

　　This casual attitude toward responsibility has caused some critics to call my generation “arrogant”，“impatient”，and “overprotected”．Some of these complaints have a point.As children we were encouraged to succeed in school，but also to have fun.We grew up in a world full of technological innovation：cellphones，the Internet，instant messaging，and video games.

　　Our parents looked to rise vertically(垂直的)—starting at the bottom of the ladder and slowly making their way to the top，on the same track，often for the same company.That doesn’t apply to my generation.

　　Because of that，it may take us longer than our parents to arrive at responsible，stable adulthood.But that’s not necessarily a bad thing.In our desire to find satisfaction，we will work harder，strive for ways to keep life interesting，and gain a broader set of experiences and knowledge than our parents’ generation did.By Ariel Lewiton

　　6．When the author walked through her parents’ house，she ________.

　　A．was frightened that she had no idea what she wanted from life

　　B．started to think about her own life

　　C．realized I should buy a house

　　D．wondered why her parents had settled down early

　　答案　B

　　解析　根據第一段的“When my parents bought the house，in 1982，they were only two years older than I am now.I tried to imagine myself in two years...”可知是想象自己未來的生活。所以B項正確。

　　7．What is the main “generation gap” between the author and her friends and their parents according to the article?

　　A．Their attitude toward high technology.

　　B．Their ways of making their way to the top.

　　C．Their attitude towards responsibility.

　　D．Their ways of gaining experience.

　　答案　C

　　解析　根據第五段中的“This casual attitude toward responsibility has caused some critics to call my generation ‘arrogant’，‘impatient’，and ‘overprotected’．”可知，父母和我們之間的代溝是：對待責任的態度。所以C項正確。

　　8．Which of the following might the author agree with?

　　A．It’s all right to try more before settling down.

　　B．It’s better to take adult responsibility earlier.

　　C．It involves too much effort to rise vertically.

　　D．It’s ridiculous to call her generation “arrogant”．

　　答案　A

　　解析　根據文章的第四段中的“We’d rather take risks first，try out different jobs，and move from one city to another until we find our favorite place.”可知，在我們找到最喜歡的地方之前，我們寧愿冒險，嘗試不同的工作，從一個城市到另一個城市。這表明他們愿意在定居之前多嘗試一些。所以A項正確。

　　9．What can we conclude from the article?

　　A．The author is envious of her parents enjoying a big house at her age.

　　B．Growing up in a hi-tech world makes “Generation Y” feel insecure about relationships.

　　C．“Generation Y” people don’t want to grow up and love to be taken care of by their parents.

　　D．The author wrote this article so that others would be able to understand her generation better.

　　答案　D

　　解析　根據文章的最后一段可知D項正確。

　　10．What is the main theme of the article?

　　A．The sudden realization of growing up.

　　B．A comparison between lifestyles of generations.

　　C．Criticisms of the young generation.

　　D．The factors that have changed the young generation.

　　答案　B

　　解析　綜觀全文可知：本文的主題是比較兩代人之間生活方式的差異。

　　Ⅱ.微寫作

　　寫作素材

　　1．多年的學校生活教會了我很多東西。

　　2．團隊協作對我來說最重要。

　　3．實際上，讓我解除困擾并使工作更有效的是團隊工作而不是單打獨斗。

　　(素材來源于2011·湖北·短文寫作)

　　提示：盡量使用高級表達：介詞＋which引導的非限制性定語從句；強調句等。

　　連句成篇(將以上句子連成一篇50詞左右的英語短文)

　　Years of school life has taught me a lot of things，of which teamwork is the most important for me.Actually it is working in teams instead of on my own that has freed me of trouble and made the work more efficient.

　　1．likely adj.可能的adv.可能　be likely to do...可能做……　as likely as not很可能　not likely絕不可能2．responsibility n．責任　responsible adj.負責的　be responsible for為……負責　take responsibility for為……負責　a sense of responsibility責任感

　　3．come across (偶然)遇見　come about發生　come to蘇醒　come out出版　come up提出；升起

　　4．settle down安靜下來；定居　settle on決定　settle a problem解決問題

　　5．To find out which teachers were anxious about math，the researchers asked the teachers how they felt at times when they came across math，such as when reading a sales receipt.

　　句中動詞不定式to find out which teachers were anxious about math作目的狀語，which引導賓語從句，how they felt at times...作動詞asked的賓語，在該賓語從句中包含一個由when引導的定語從句，修飾times。

　　如何做科普知識類閱讀理解題？

　　科普類文章是高考閱讀理解中的難點題材，其取材密切聯系當前經濟和科技等方面的變化，以介紹某一科學現象居多。科普類文章具有結構嚴謹、邏輯性強等特點。其主要命題形式有事實細節題、詞義猜測題、推理

　　判斷題以及主旨概括題等，其中推理判斷題居多。這類文章的總體特點是：科技詞匯多，句子結構復雜，理論性強，邏輯嚴謹。

　　解答這類題目時應注意：

　　1．遵循先問題后文章的解題思路。這樣針對性更強，同時又可以避免生詞的影響。

　　2．科普類文章對細節理解題考查較多，所以閱讀文章時，要隨時把一些重要的細節信息劃出來，以和題目進行對比，不必對文章內容作過多的思考。本節中A篇第1、3、4、5題均屬于細節性問題，根據題干中的信息詞，我們可以直接在文章中找到答案所在的段落，不需要對文章作過多的思考，同時還可避開生詞的影響，提高答題的準確率。