2024屆高考英語一輪復習 語篇微寫作強化系列Test5精選導學案 北師大版

　　Ⅰ.閱讀理解

　　A

　　It might seem hard to imagine that a bad tooth could be deadly.But doctors in the Washington area said a boy died when a tooth infection spread to his brain.They said it might have been prevented had he received the dental care he needed.He was 12 years old.

　　Experts at the National Institutes of Health say good dental care starts at birth.Breast milk，they say，is the best food for the healthy development of teeth.Breast milk can help slow bacterial growth and acid production in the mouth.

　　But dentists say a baby’s gums and early teeth should be cleaned after each feeding.Use a cloth with a little warm water.Do the same if a baby is fed with a bottle.Experts say if you decide to put your baby to sleep with a bottle，give only water.

　　When baby teeth begin to appear，you can clean them with a wet toothbrush.Dentists say it is important to find soft toothbrushes made especially for babies and to use them very gently.

　　The use of fluoride(氯化物) to protect teeth is common in many parts of the world.For example，it is often added to drinking water supplies.The fluoride mixes with enamel (釉質)，the hard surface on teeth，to help prevent holes，or cavities，from forming.

　　But young children often swallow toothpaste when they brush.The American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry notes that swallowing fluoridated toothpaste can cause problems.So young children should be carefully supervised when they brush their teeth.And only a small amount of fluoridated toothpaste，the size of a green pea，should be used.

　　Parents often wonder what effect thumb sucking or sucking on a pacifier might have on their baby’s teeth.Dental experts generally agree that this is fine early in life.

　　The American Academy of Family Physicians says most children stop sucking their thumb by the age of four.If it continues，the group advises parents to talk to their child’s dentist or doctor.It could interfere with the correct development of permanent teeth.

　　1．The boy with a bad tooth died because ________.

　　A．his tooth disease was very deadly

　　B．the doctor refused to treat him properly

　　C．he didn’t receive timely treatment

　　D．something was wrong with his brain

　　答案　C

　　解析　細節理解題。根據第一段中的“They said it might have been prevented had he received the dental care he needed.”可知，如果男孩得到及時的治療的話，或許能阻止這種事情的發生。

　　2．All the following statements are good to the teeth except that________.

　　A．the children live on the breast milk every day

　　B．the children begin to brush their teeth when they are old enough

　　C．the children use fluoride toothpaste to brush their teeth

　　D．the children form the habit of sucking their thumbs

　　答案　B

　　解析　推理判斷題。第四段中的“When baby teeth begin to appear，you can clean them with a wet toothbrush.”告訴我們，在嬰兒的牙齒剛長出來的時候就應該用濕的牙刷給他刷牙。

　　3．The underlined word “supervised” in the sixth paragraph means ________.

　　A．watched and directed

　　B．taught and helped

　　C．raised and advised

　　D．led and pointed out

　　答案　A

　　解析　詞義猜測題。根據上下文可知該詞的意思是“監督，指導”。該句的意思是：孩子們刷牙的時候應該給予監督和指導。

　　4．Which one of the following is NOT true according to this passage?

　　A．Dental care should be given to the babies as soon as they are born.

　　B．Special toothbrushes should be used for babies.

　　C．Breast milk and fluoride are helpful to protect the baby teeth.

　　D．Dental experts suggest stopping the babies sucking their thumbs.

　　答案　D

　　解析　正誤判斷題。由第七、八段可知，早期的吮吸大拇指是有好處的，但是四歲的時候如果還這樣就要尋求牙醫的幫助了。因此，D項的意思不明確，是錯誤的。

　　5．The best title of this passage is ________.

　　A．The Reason of a Twelve-year-old Boy’s Death

　　B．The Baby Teeth Should Be Cared for from Birth

　　C．Breast Milk and Fluoride Are Important

　　D．How to Help Young Children Form Good Habits

　　答案　B

　　解析　標題歸納題。文章通過對一個12歲的男孩死亡事例的分析，說明了孩子的牙齒從出生時就要得到及時的護理。

　　B

　　Death Valley is one of the most famous deserts in the United States，covering a wide area with its alkali sand.Almost 20 percent of this area is well below sea level，and Badwater，a salt water pool，is about 280 feet below sea level and the lowest point in the United States.

　　Long ago the Panamint Indians called this place “Tomesha”—the land of fire.Death Valley’s present name dates back to 1849，when a group of miners coming across from Nevada became lost in its unpleasantness and hugeness and their adventure turned out to be a sad story.Today Death Valley has been declared a National Monument(紀念碑) and is crossed by several well-marked roads where good services can be found easily.Luckily the change created by human settlement has hardly ruined the special beauty of this place.

　　Here nature created a lot of surprising，almost like the sights on the moon，ever-changing as the frequent wind moves the sand about，showing the most unusual colors.One of the most astonishing and variable parts of Death Valley is the Devil’s Golf Course，where it seems hard for one to tell reality from terrible dreams.Sand sculptures(沙雕) stand on a frightening ground，as evening shadows move and lengthen.

　　6．________ is the lowest place in the desert.

　　A．Tomesha

　　B．Death Valley

　　C．Nevada

　　D．Badwater

　　答案　D

　　解析　細節理解題。根據“...and Badwater，a salt water pool，is about 280 feet below sea level and the lowest point in the United States.”可推知此題答案為 D項。

　　7．The name of the valley comes from ________.

　　A．an Indian name

　　B．the death of the miners

　　C．the local people

　　D．a National Movement

　　答案　B

　　解析　推理判斷題。根據“...when a group of miners coming across from Nevada became lost in its unpleasantness and hugeness and their adventure turned out to be a sad story.”可知“死亡谷”的名稱來源于這些迷路礦工的死亡。

　　8．From the passage we can learn that ________.

　　A．no one had ever known the desert before the miners

　　B．it’s still not easy to travel across the desert

　　C．people can find gas-stations，cafes and hotels in the desert

　　D．people have changed the natural sight of the desert

　　答案　C

　　解析　推理判斷題。根據“...well-marked roads where good services can be found easily.”可以判斷 C項為最佳答案。

　　9．Devil Golf Course is famous for ________.

　　A．the frequent wind

　　B．the colors of the sand

　　C．dream-like sights

　　D．the sand sculptures

　　答案　C

　　解析　細節理解題。根據“...where it seems hard for one to tell reality from terrible dreams.”可推知答案為C項。

　　10．From the passage we can see that the writer ________ the Death Valley.

　　A．appreciates

　　B．is fearful of

　　C．dislikes

　　D．is tired of

　　答案　A

　　解析　推理判斷題。根據“the special beauty of this place...like the sights on the moon...ever-changing...showing the most unusual colors”等關鍵詞語可以知道作者是帶著贊賞的語氣來描述“死亡谷”的。

　　Ⅱ.微寫作

　　寫作素材

　　1．日常生活中與別人發生沖突很常見。

　　2．為了避免沖突，友善與體諒對享有和諧生活很重要。

　　3．在競爭激烈與壓力大的社會環境中，諒解別人是一種美德。

　　(素材來源于2024·江蘇·書面表達)

　　提示：盡量使用高級表達：動名詞短語作主語；用it作形式主語等。

　　連句成篇(將以上句子連成一篇50詞左右的英語短文)

　　Conflicts with others are common in everyday life.In order to avoid conflicts，being kind and considerate is essential to enjoy a harmonious life.It is a virtue to forgive and forget，especially in such a competitive and stressful society.

　　1．spread v．擴展；流傳；伸展(四肢)　spread out散開　spread the word/message傳播消息/信息

　　2．interfere v．介入；干涉；妨礙　interference n．介入；干涉　interfere with妨礙；擾亂

　　3．at birth出生時　give birth to生；引起　by birth出身

　　4．They said it might have been prevented had he received the dental care he needed.

　　該句動詞said后為一賓語從句，在從句中包含一個if引導的條件狀語從句，且主從句都用了虛擬語氣，從句為省略形式，完整形式為：They_said_that_it_might_have_been_prevented_if_he_had_received_the_dental_care_he_needed.，其中he needed為定語從句修飾先行詞care。

　　5．Death Valley’s present name dates back to 1849，when a group of miners coming across from Nevada became lost in its unpleasantness and hugeness and their adventure turned out to be a sad story.

　　句中date back to (date from)意為“追溯到”；when引導定語從句，coming across from Nevada為現在分詞短語作后置定語修飾miners，and連接兩個單句a group of miners...hugeness和their adventure turned out to be a sad story。

　　學會一種單詞記憶法

　　5．卡片記憶：自制單詞卡片隨時隨地記單詞，卡片寫上單詞的詞形、詞性、詞義、音標、搭配、例句等。

　　6．詞典記憶：即背字典，這種方法是一種強行記憶的方法。它的缺點是容易忘記，只是孤立記住單詞的意義。可以作為一種短時間的強化手段。

　　如何回答有關主旨大意的問題？

　　1．把此類問題留在最后。因為回答其它細節性問題后，自然就會對文章大意有一定的了解。

　　2．找出文章中心思想句。要把注意力放在閱讀材料的開頭和結尾，放在觀點性、歸納性和概括性的句子上，放在被許多句子說明和證實的句子上。

　　3．找出各個段落的主題句。主題句有以下幾個特征：(1)它是概括全段思想的句子；(2)一般出現在段首，其次是段尾，有的出現在段落當中；(3)它表達的是觀點，而不是事實。

　　4．注意由in summary，in a word，as a result，finally，in short，in conclusion和in brief等“信號詞”引導的句子。

　　5．正確選項的特點：不出現細節信息；不含過分肯定或絕對意義的詞。

　　6．干擾項特點：細節信息明顯；過于籠統。

　　本節A篇第5題就是有關主旨大意的問題。A、C項都是原文中的細節，不合適；D項范圍太大，過于籠統，也不適合，故只有B項合適，整個文章都是圍繞這一話題而展開的。文章的第二段第一句話就是概括全段思想的句子。

　　2024屆高考英語一輪復習 語篇微寫作強化系列Test5精選導學案 北師大版

　　Ⅰ.閱讀理解

　　A

　　It might seem hard to imagine that a bad tooth could be deadly.But doctors in the Washington area said a boy died when a tooth infection spread to his brain.They said it might have been prevented had he received the dental care he needed.He was 12 years old.

　　Experts at the National Institutes of Health say good dental care starts at birth.Breast milk，they say，is the best food for the healthy development of teeth.Breast milk can help slow bacterial growth and acid production in the mouth.

　　But dentists say a baby’s gums and early teeth should be cleaned after each feeding.Use a cloth with a little warm water.Do the same if a baby is fed with a bottle.Experts say if you decide to put your baby to sleep with a bottle，give only water.

　　When baby teeth begin to appear，you can clean them with a wet toothbrush.Dentists say it is important to find soft toothbrushes made especially for babies and to use them very gently.

　　The use of fluoride(氯化物) to protect teeth is common in many parts of the world.For example，it is often added to drinking water supplies.The fluoride mixes with enamel (釉質)，the hard surface on teeth，to help prevent holes，or cavities，from forming.

　　But young children often swallow toothpaste when they brush.The American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry notes that swallowing fluoridated toothpaste can cause problems.So young children should be carefully supervised when they brush their teeth.And only a small amount of fluoridated toothpaste，the size of a green pea，should be used.

　　Parents often wonder what effect thumb sucking or sucking on a pacifier might have on their baby’s teeth.Dental experts generally agree that this is fine early in life.

　　The American Academy of Family Physicians says most children stop sucking their thumb by the age of four.If it continues，the group advises parents to talk to their child’s dentist or doctor.It could interfere with the correct development of permanent teeth.

　　1．The boy with a bad tooth died because ________.

　　A．his tooth disease was very deadly

　　B．the doctor refused to treat him properly

　　C．he didn’t receive timely treatment

　　D．something was wrong with his brain

　　答案　C

　　解析　細節理解題。根據第一段中的“They said it might have been prevented had he received the dental care he needed.”可知，如果男孩得到及時的治療的話，或許能阻止這種事情的發生。

　　2．All the following statements are good to the teeth except that________.

　　A．the children live on the breast milk every day

　　B．the children begin to brush their teeth when they are old enough

　　C．the children use fluoride toothpaste to brush their teeth

　　D．the children form the habit of sucking their thumbs

　　答案　B

　　解析　推理判斷題。第四段中的“When baby teeth begin to appear，you can clean them with a wet toothbrush.”告訴我們，在嬰兒的牙齒剛長出來的時候就應該用濕的牙刷給他刷牙。

　　3．The underlined word “supervised” in the sixth paragraph means ________.

　　A．watched and directed

　　B．taught and helped

　　C．raised and advised

　　D．led and pointed out

　　答案　A

　　解析　詞義猜測題。根據上下文可知該詞的意思是“監督，指導”。該句的意思是：孩子們刷牙的時候應該給予監督和指導。

　　4．Which one of the following is NOT true according to this passage?

　　A．Dental care should be given to the babies as soon as they are born.

　　B．Special toothbrushes should be used for babies.

　　C．Breast milk and fluoride are helpful to protect the baby teeth.

　　D．Dental experts suggest stopping the babies sucking their thumbs.

　　答案　D

　　解析　正誤判斷題。由第七、八段可知，早期的吮吸大拇指是有好處的，但是四歲的時候如果還這樣就要尋求牙醫的幫助了。因此，D項的意思不明確，是錯誤的。

　　5．The best title of this passage is ________.

　　A．The Reason of a Twelve-year-old Boy’s Death

　　B．The Baby Teeth Should Be Cared for from Birth

　　C．Breast Milk and Fluoride Are Important

　　D．How to Help Young Children Form Good Habits

　　答案　B

　　解析　標題歸納題。文章通過對一個12歲的男孩死亡事例的分析，說明了孩子的牙齒從出生時就要得到及時的護理。

　　B

　　Death Valley is one of the most famous deserts in the United States，covering a wide area with its alkali sand.Almost 20 percent of this area is well below sea level，and Badwater，a salt water pool，is about 280 feet below sea level and the lowest point in the United States.

　　Long ago the Panamint Indians called this place “Tomesha”—the land of fire.Death Valley’s present name dates back to 1849，when a group of miners coming across from Nevada became lost in its unpleasantness and hugeness and their adventure turned out to be a sad story.Today Death Valley has been declared a National Monument(紀念碑) and is crossed by several well-marked roads where good services can be found easily.Luckily the change created by human settlement has hardly ruined the special beauty of this place.

　　Here nature created a lot of surprising，almost like the sights on the moon，ever-changing as the frequent wind moves the sand about，showing the most unusual colors.One of the most astonishing and variable parts of Death Valley is the Devil’s Golf Course，where it seems hard for one to tell reality from terrible dreams.Sand sculptures(沙雕) stand on a frightening ground，as evening shadows move and lengthen.

　　6．________ is the lowest place in the desert.

　　A．Tomesha

　　B．Death Valley

　　C．Nevada

　　D．Badwater

　　答案　D

　　解析　細節理解題。根據“...and Badwater，a salt water pool，is about 280 feet below sea level and the lowest point in the United States.”可推知此題答案為 D項。

　　7．The name of the valley comes from ________.

　　A．an Indian name

　　B．the death of the miners

　　C．the local people

　　D．a National Movement

　　答案　B

　　解析　推理判斷題。根據“...when a group of miners coming across from Nevada became lost in its unpleasantness and hugeness and their adventure turned out to be a sad story.”可知“死亡谷”的名稱來源于這些迷路礦工的死亡。

　　8．From the passage we can learn that ________.

　　A．no one had ever known the desert before the miners

　　B．it’s still not easy to travel across the desert

　　C．people can find gas-stations，cafes and hotels in the desert

　　D．people have changed the natural sight of the desert

　　答案　C

　　解析　推理判斷題。根據“...well-marked roads where good services can be found easily.”可以判斷 C項為最佳答案。

　　9．Devil Golf Course is famous for ________.

　　A．the frequent wind

　　B．the colors of the sand

　　C．dream-like sights

　　D．the sand sculptures

　　答案　C

　　解析　細節理解題。根據“...where it seems hard for one to tell reality from terrible dreams.”可推知答案為C項。

　　10．From the passage we can see that the writer ________ the Death Valley.

　　A．appreciates

　　B．is fearful of

　　C．dislikes

　　D．is tired of

　　答案　A

　　解析　推理判斷題。根據“the special beauty of this place...like the sights on the moon...ever-changing...showing the most unusual colors”等關鍵詞語可以知道作者是帶著贊賞的語氣來描述“死亡谷”的。

　　Ⅱ.微寫作

　　寫作素材

　　1．日常生活中與別人發生沖突很常見。

　　2．為了避免沖突，友善與體諒對享有和諧生活很重要。

　　3．在競爭激烈與壓力大的社會環境中，諒解別人是一種美德。

　　(素材來源于2024·江蘇·書面表達)

　　提示：盡量使用高級表達：動名詞短語作主語；用it作形式主語等。

　　連句成篇(將以上句子連成一篇50詞左右的英語短文)

　　Conflicts with others are common in everyday life.In order to avoid conflicts，being kind and considerate is essential to enjoy a harmonious life.It is a virtue to forgive and forget，especially in such a competitive and stressful society.

　　1．spread v．擴展；流傳；伸展(四肢)　spread out散開　spread the word/message傳播消息/信息

　　2．interfere v．介入；干涉；妨礙　interference n．介入；干涉　interfere with妨礙；擾亂

　　3．at birth出生時　give birth to生；引起　by birth出身

　　4．They said it might have been prevented had he received the dental care he needed.

　　該句動詞said后為一賓語從句，在從句中包含一個if引導的條件狀語從句，且主從句都用了虛擬語氣，從句為省略形式，完整形式為：They_said_that_it_might_have_been_prevented_if_he_had_received_the_dental_care_he_needed.，其中he needed為定語從句修飾先行詞care。

　　5．Death Valley’s present name dates back to 1849，when a group of miners coming across from Nevada became lost in its unpleasantness and hugeness and their adventure turned out to be a sad story.

　　句中date back to (date from)意為“追溯到”；when引導定語從句，coming across from Nevada為現在分詞短語作后置定語修飾miners，and連接兩個單句a group of miners...hugeness和their adventure turned out to be a sad story。

　　學會一種單詞記憶法

　　5．卡片記憶：自制單詞卡片隨時隨地記單詞，卡片寫上單詞的詞形、詞性、詞義、音標、搭配、例句等。

　　6．詞典記憶：即背字典，這種方法是一種強行記憶的方法。它的缺點是容易忘記，只是孤立記住單詞的意義。可以作為一種短時間的強化手段。

　　如何回答有關主旨大意的問題？

　　1．把此類問題留在最后。因為回答其它細節性問題后，自然就會對文章大意有一定的了解。

　　2．找出文章中心思想句。要把注意力放在閱讀材料的開頭和結尾，放在觀點性、歸納性和概括性的句子上，放在被許多句子說明和證實的句子上。

　　3．找出各個段落的主題句。主題句有以下幾個特征：(1)它是概括全段思想的句子；(2)一般出現在段首，其次是段尾，有的出現在段落當中；(3)它表達的是觀點，而不是事實。

　　4．注意由in summary，in a word，as a result，finally，in short，in conclusion和in brief等“信號詞”引導的句子。

　　5．正確選項的特點：不出現細節信息；不含過分肯定或絕對意義的詞。

　　6．干擾項特點：細節信息明顯；過于籠統。

　　本節A篇第5題就是有關主旨大意的問題。A、C項都是原文中的細節，不合適；D項范圍太大，過于籠統，也不適合，故只有B項合適，整個文章都是圍繞這一話題而展開的。文章的第二段第一句話就是概括全段思想的句子。