課時(shí)提升作業(yè)(十四)

　　必修　UnitⅠ. 單項(xiàng)填空

　　1. (原創(chuàng))One valuable tip for graduates is that firstduring a job interview really counts.

　　A. expression

　　B. attention

　　C. satisfaction

　　D. impression

　　2. The experts have given some practical advice _______ the problems that most people are concerned about in food safety.

　　A. in charge of

　　B. in terms of

　　C. in spite of

　　D. in regard to

　　3. The annual _______ of temperatures in the north can be from 30℃ to 40℃, which we seldom see in the south.

　　A. range

　　B. concern

　　C. diversity

　　D. level

　　4. There was a feeling in me _______ he was not telling the truth to us.

　　A. which

　　B. what

　　C. that

　　D. why

　　5. (2024·福州模擬)I appreciatethe opportunity to work in your company two years ago.

　　A. giving

　　B. to give

　　C. being given

　　D. to be given

　　6. _______ is no doubt that the Dallas Mavericks will defeat the Washington Wizards in the next game.

　　A. It

　　B. As

　　C. That

　　D. There

　　7. (2024·閬中模擬)It would be very short-sighted to hold thethat our present good fortune will last forever.

　　A. advice

　　B. demand

　　C. belief

　　D. determination

　　8. When my visa _______, I had to come back.

　　A. ran out

　　B. put out

　　C. stood out

　　D. pointed out

　　9. Several severe traffic accidents occurred on the highway due to the heavy fog, _______ a couple dead and many people seriously injured.

　　A. left

　　B. to leave

　　C. leaving

　　D. having left

　　10. On the floor _______ a pile of dirty clothes and baby toys, newspapers and magazines. The room is in a total mess.

　　A. lay

　　B. were laid

　　C. have placed

　　D. had collected

　　11. She was found sitting in her wheelchair, completely _______ in a fashion magazine her son had just bought.

　　A. absorbing

　　B. being absorbed

　　C. absorbed

　　D. to absorb

　　12. Every day he _______ three bottles of alcohol, which has done great harm to his health.

　　A. consumes

　　B. conducts

　　C. converts

　　D. convinces

　　13. It is easy to _______ my car from others in the parking lot. It has an advertisement for a car company on its back.

　　A. let out

　　B. give out

　　C. pick out

　　D. run out

　　14. The room _______ 10 meters across is large enough for a single man to live in.

　　A. measuring

　　B. measures

　　C. to be measured

　　D. measured

　　15. You are somewhat _______ about his work. After all, he is fresh here.

　　A. curious

　　B. particular

　　C. concerned

　　D. cautious

　　Ⅱ. 閱讀理解

　　A study published in today’s edition of the Science finds that，overall，species are moving to higher latitudes(緯度)at 10. 5 miles per decade. The rate is two or three times faster than when it was last measured in 2003. “The climate is shifting everything towards the north and higher latitudes，”says Chris Thomas，the author on the paper and a professor at the University of York in the United Kingdom. “Animals，plants and insects closer to the equator are starting to find it too hot and are retreating upwards. ”

　　The study was an analysis covering 764 species moving north or south depending on which hemisphere(半球)they were in. Although each species moved at different rates and some even moved towards the equator，overall the strong trend was towards the poles. For the most part，it’s not that animals are walking，hopping or winging their way north，Thomas says. Rather，individuals at a species’ southernmost range are breeding(繁殖)less successfully while individuals in that same species’ northernmost range are breeding more successfully. The result is that the entire species moves up.

　　“There is practically no basis to doubt the fact that species are shifting as a function of rapidly changing climate. ” says Jeremy Kerr, a professor of biology at the University of Ottawa in Canada, who did not participate in the study. One species Kerr studies is the bog copper, a beautiful little butterfly that appears to practically be on an expressway to the North Pole. It has moved more than 90 miles north in the past decade.

　　For farmers，what crops they grow and livestock they keep is also beginning to shift, says Philip Thornton，an agricultural economist in Nairobi，Kenya. In Africa，small farms are changing the kinds of animals they keep. In Northern Kenya，there is a move in some places away from the traditional cattle to camels，which are more drought resistant；the price of adult camels there is increasing quite rapidly. (367W)

　　1. Which picture can describe the result of the study? 2. According to the third paragraph，we can learn a fact that.

　　A. the animals are moving northwards so fast

　　B. there are too many species at poles

　　C. fewer babies are born in the south

　　D. not all animals move to higher latitudes

　　3. The example of the bog copper is mentioned to tell us that it _______.

　　A. can fly as fast as an express

　　B. is moving northwards at a high speed

　　C. blocks the way towards the North Pole

　　D. prefers to travel on an expressway

　　4. In the last paragraph，farmers prefer camels _______.

　　A. because of the size’s changes of their farms

　　B. as a result of changing climate

　　C. with the purpose of earning more money

　　D. due to the changes in crop growing

　　5. We can infer from the passage that _______.

　　A. immediate action has been taken to prevent the immigration

　　B. rare animals can only be found at poles in not so far future

　　C. it is natural for species to adapt themselves to the environment

　　D. changes in climate make no difference to people’s life

　　Ⅲ. 任務(wù)型閱讀

　　請認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格處填入一個(gè)最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。注意：每個(gè)空格只填一個(gè)單詞。Have you ever intended to be fully absorbed in your work but found yourself distracted (走神) by e-mail, the Internet or other things throughout the day? “People often lose their concentration when they are bored, of course, but also when they are engaged in challenging tasks, ” says Peter Bregman. “They sometimes have a feeling to escape from what’s difficult or boring, so they jump out, ” he says. The part of the brain devoted to attention is connected to the brain’s emotional center. Any strong emotion—quarrels with colleagues, problems at home—can interrupt our attention. Studies over the last decade have shown that too much work to do at a time can easily lead to distraction.

　　Refocusing is hard for many people. Robert Epstein suggests the following, “Stop and listen to music for a few minutes. Go for a short walk or take a deep breath, where you breathe in deeply, count to five slowly, hold it and breathe out very slowly. ” This can “blow out all the tension and the unwanted in your mind to restore your focus. ”

　　Take more control by structuring your time and becoming more aware of your behaviors. “Setting the phone alarm to go off every hour is my way of creating awareness, ”Mr. Bregman says, “You have to inform yourself that you’ve lost focus in order to do something about it. ” Starting the day with a to-do list is important, such as when to eat, when to go to the gym or take a walk. But if it’s overly ambitious, you will put yourself in a state of anxiety, which makes it hard for the brain to concentrate. “Choosing three or four things as your priority (優(yōu)先) for the day allows your brain to settle down and focus, ” he says.

　　Topic How to become more (1) ______ on the work?

　　(2) ______ of getting distracted ·People tend to get away from things that they’re (3) ______ up with.

　　·Strong (4) ______ affect the brain’ s part for attention.

　　·People get distracted easily if (5) ______ multitasks at a time.

　　(6) _______ of strong emotions ·having a (7) ______ with a colleague.

　　·meeting with problems at home.

　　Tips on holding attention ·Stop working to restore your focus by (8) ______ your breath and try different relaxing things.

　　·(9) ______ your time effectively and create awareness of your behaviors.

　　·Make a to-do list at the beginning of a working day.

　　·Focus on three or four things and get them done (10) ______ for the day.

　　【語篇隨練】

　　根據(jù)閱讀理解翻譯句子

　　1. The climate is shifting everything towards the north and higher latitudes.

　　【譯】2. There is practically no basis to doubt the fact that species are shifting as a function of rapidly changing climate.

　　【譯】1.【解析】選D。考查名詞辨析。句意：對于畢業(yè)生而言一個(gè)有價(jià)值的提示是面試中的第一印象非常重要。impression 印象，與句意相符。expression 表達(dá)；attention 注意力，關(guān)心；satisfaction 滿意。

　　2. 【解析】選D。考查介詞短語。句意：就大多數(shù)人所關(guān)心的食品安全方面的問題，專家們給出了一些實(shí)際的建議。in charge of負(fù)責(zé)；in terms of 根據(jù)，就……而言；in spite of 不管，不顧；in regard to 關(guān)于，至于。由句意知D項(xiàng)正確。

　　3. 【解析】選A。考查名詞辨析。句意：北方氣溫的年度變化范圍有可能達(dá)30℃ 到 40℃，這在南方很少看到。range 范圍；concern 關(guān)心，關(guān)注；diversity 差異，多樣性；level 水平。由句意可知，選A。

　　【變式備選】

　　(2024·嘉峪關(guān)模擬)All human beings have a comfortable zone regulating thethey keep from someone they talk with.

　　A. distance

　　B. scope

　　C. range

　　D. boundary

　　【解析】選A。考查名詞辨析。句意：所有的人在控制他們和與之談話的人之間所保持的距離時(shí)都有一個(gè)舒適的范圍。keep a distance from sb. 與某人保持距離，與句意相符；scope 范圍，余地；視野；range 范圍，幅度；boundary 邊界；分界線，界限。

　　4. 【解析】選C。考查同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意：我內(nèi)心有一種感覺，他不是在對我們說實(shí)話。句中的名詞feeling之后為同位語從句，句子成分完整，用that來引導(dǎo)。

　　5.【解析】選C。考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。句意：兩年前我得到在你的公司工作的機(jī)會(huì)，我對此非常感激。appreciate表示“感激”，其后通常接動(dòng)名詞作賓語，而句中的動(dòng)詞give表示被動(dòng)意義，故選C項(xiàng)。

　　【變式備選】

　　Outstanding as the young man is, his talents are not fullyin the company.

　　A. approached

　　B. appreciated

　　C. arranged

　　D. applied

　　【解析】選B。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：盡管這個(gè)年輕人非常優(yōu)秀，但是他的才能并沒有在公司內(nèi)完全受到賞識(shí)。approach 接近，靠近；appreciate 感激，欣賞，賞識(shí)；arrange安排；apply 應(yīng)用。由句意可知選B。

　　6. 【解析】選D。There is no doubt that. . . 是固定句型，意為“毫無疑問……”。

　　【知識(shí)拓展】doubt后接從句的用法小結(jié)

　　(1)doubt作動(dòng)詞后接賓語從句

　　①在否定句和疑問句中，doubt后面接that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。例如：

　　I don’t doubt that he can finish the task on time.

　　我相信他能按時(shí)完成任務(wù)。

　　Do you doubt that she will succeed?

　　你懷疑她會(huì)成功嗎？

　　②在肯定句中，doubt后面一般接whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。例如：

　　I doubt whether they can swim across the river.

　　我懷疑他們能否游過河去。

　　He doubts if she will keep her word.

　　他不敢肯定她是否會(huì)遵守諾言。

　　注意：在肯定句中，doubt后面也可以接that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，但表示疑慮較大或“不相信”。例如：

　　We doubt that they can complete the work ahead of time. 我們不相信他們能提前完成這項(xiàng)工作。

　　(2)doubt作名詞后接同位語從句

　　①doubt用在否定句中，后面接that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句。例如：

　　There is no doubt that they will agree with you on this matter. 毫無疑問，他們在這件事上會(huì)同意你的意見的。

　　②doubt用在肯定句中，后面接whether引導(dǎo)的同位語從句。注意不可以用if替換whether。例如：

　　There is some doubt whether their football team will win the match.

　　他們的足球隊(duì)會(huì)不會(huì)贏得這場比賽還不能肯定。

　　7.【解析】選C。考查名詞辨析。句意：持有我們現(xiàn)在的好運(yùn)氣將永遠(yuǎn)持續(xù)下去的想法將是非常目光短淺的。advice 建議；demand 要求；belief 信念，觀念；determination 決心。hold a belief that. . . 有……的觀念/認(rèn)識(shí)。故選C。

　　8.【解析】選A。考查動(dòng)詞短語。run out用完，(文件、協(xié)議等)失效、到期；put out撲滅；stand out突出；point out指出。句意：我的簽證到期時(shí)，我不得不回來。

　　9.【解析】選C。考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：由于大霧，公路上發(fā)生了數(shù)起嚴(yán)重的交通事故，結(jié)果造成了一對夫婦死亡，許多人嚴(yán)重受傷。句中的leaving a couple dead and many people seriously injured為現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，表示結(jié)果。

　　10. 【解析】選A。考查完全倒裝句。句意：地板上放著一堆臟衣服、嬰兒玩具、報(bào)紙和雜志。房間里亂七八糟。句首On the floor為表示方位的介詞短語，故句子要用完全倒裝形式。lay表示“位于”，是lie的過去式形式。

　　【變式備選】

　　The child tiptoed quietly to the bird, butinto the forest when he was about to catch it.

　　A. flew it away

　　B. away flew it

　　C. away it flew

　　D. flew away it

　　【解析】選C。考查句子語序。句意：那個(gè)孩子躡手躡腳地朝鳥兒走去，但是當(dāng)他要抓它的時(shí)候，鳥兒飛進(jìn)了森林。題干中的away雖然是表示方位的副詞放在句首，但句子的主語是代詞it, 故主謂不用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　11.【解析】選C。考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。句意：她被發(fā)現(xiàn)坐在輪椅上，完全專注于兒子剛買的一本時(shí)尚雜志。be absorbed in 表示“專注于，全神貫注于”，此處過去分詞短語在句中作狀語，故正確選項(xiàng)為C。

　　12.【解析】選A。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：他每天都要喝掉3瓶酒，這已經(jīng)對他的健康造成了極大的傷害。consume 消耗，消費(fèi)；吃，喝(某物)；conduct 進(jìn)行；傳導(dǎo)；convert 轉(zhuǎn)化；convince 說服。

　　13.【解析】選C。考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：很容易就能在停車場認(rèn)出我的車。它后面有一家汽車公司的廣告。let out 泄露，放出；give out 分發(fā)；公布；用盡，精疲力竭；pick out 挑選出，分辨出；run out 用完，用光。

　　14.【解析】選A。考查非謂語動(dòng)詞用法。句意：這個(gè)10米寬的房間足夠一個(gè)人居住。句中的measure為不及物動(dòng)詞，表示事物的長、寬、高等是多少，不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)和進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，作定語要用現(xiàn)在分詞。故正確答案是A。B項(xiàng)為謂語動(dòng)詞形式，如將選項(xiàng)改為which/that measures也正確；C、D兩項(xiàng)為被動(dòng)形式不正確。