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2024年高考英語沖刺搶分訓練集24

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2024年高考英語沖刺搶分訓練集24

  2024高考英語沖刺搶分訓練集24

  Ⅰ.詞匯短語過關

  1.assist vi. & vt. & n.幫助;援助;協助

  assistance n.援助;幫助;補助

  assistant n.助手;助理 adj.輔助的;助理的

  assist sb. with sth.幫助某人做某事

  assist sb. in doing sth./to do sth.幫助某人做某事

  assist at/in sth.參加某事物

  come to sb.’s assistance幫助某人

  with the assistance of在……的幫助下

  [即學即練1] (1)The students ________________________ doing the experiment.學生們協助教授做實驗。

  (2)We all ____________ mending the roof.我們都幫助修理屋頂。

  (3)We asked him to _______________ designing a new bridge.我們請他幫助我們設計一座新橋。

  答案是:assisted the professor in;assisted in;assist us in

  (4)He can walk only ________________________ crutches.他只能靠一副拐杖走路。

  (5)Despite his cries, no one ________________________.盡管他喊叫,卻沒有人來幫助他。

  答案是:with the assistance of;came to his assistance

  2.concentrate vt. 集中;全神貫注

  concentration n. 專心;專注

  concentrate (sth.) on (doing) sth. 集中于;專心于……

  concentrate one‘s attention/efforts/thoughts on...把注意力/努力/思想集中到……

  be concentrated in/on/upon sth. 集中于,專心于

  [即學即練2](1)We should ____________ all our effort ______ improving education. 我們應該致力于改進教育工作。

  (2)He _______________ the study of English.他把重點放在英語學習上。

  (3)Our population __________________ the big cities.我國人口集中在大城市里。

  答案是:concentrate on;concentrated on;is concentrated in

  拓展:focus/fix one‘s attention on... 集中注意力于……

  put one’s mind/heart in (into) 專心于……

  be absorbed in... 一心一意于……

  apply oneself/one‘s mind to... 專心于……

  pay attention to 專心,注意……

  以上短語中 in, to 都是介詞,后接名詞或動名詞。

  3.acquire vt. 獲得,取得,學到

  [即學即練3](1)I managed to __________________ for the concert.我設法弄到了兩張音樂會的票。

  (2)She ________________________ French.她學會了法語。

  (3)Mr Brown __________________ in the oil business.布朗先生在石油生意上發了財。

  答案是:acquire two tickets;acquired a knowledge of;acquired a fortune

  4.inform vt.告知;通知

  informed adj.了解情況的;見識廣的

  inform sb. of/about sth.告知某人某事

  inform sb. (that)...通知某人

  keep sb. informed使某人隨時了解最新情況

  [即學即練4](1)Please __________________ any change of address as soon as possible.地址如有變更請盡快通知我們。

  (2)We regret to ______ you ______ your application has been rejected.我們很遺憾地通知你,你的申請未被接受。

  (3)Please ______ me fully ____________ any developments.事態如有發展,請向我提供詳情。

  答案是:inform us of;inform that;keep informed of

  5.case n. 情況;病例;案例

  in case of... 假使……,萬一……

  in case 以防,萬一

  in any case 無論如何,總之

  in this/that case 如果這樣/那樣的話,在這種/那種情況下

  in no case 決不

  in the case of 就……來說

  as is often the case 這是常有的事

  as the case may/might be 看情況,視情況而定

  [即學即練5](1)__________________ people have had to wait several weeks for an appointement.在某些情況下,人們必須等上好幾周才能得到約見。

  (2)____________ will be heard next week. 此案下周審理。

  (3)_____________ fire, call 119. 萬一發生火災,就打119。

  (4)You‘d better take the keys ____________ I’m out.你最好帶上鑰匙,以防我不在家。

  答案是:In some cases;The case;In case of;in case

  6.accuse vt.控告;譴責

  accuse sb. of sth.=charge sb. with sth.因某事而控告/譴責某人

  accuse sb. as...指控某人為……

  accuse sb. for sth. 為某事指責某人

  [即學即練6](1)My teacher is always __________ me ______ carelessness.我的老師總是指責我粗枝大葉。

  (2)Mary __________________ an accomplice.瑪麗被指控為同謀犯。

  (3)Man often _________ nature ______ his own misfortunes.人類常把自身的不幸歸罪于天。

  答案是:accusing of;was accused as;accuses for

  拓展:與 accuse sb. of sth.結構相似的有:

  rob sb. of sth. 搶劫某人的某物

  warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事

  rid sb. of sth. 使某人擺脫某事

  remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某物

  inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事

  7.demand n.要求,需要 vt.強烈要求

  demand sth.要求某物

  demand sth. of/from sb.向某人要求某物

  demand to do要求干……

  demand that...要求……(從句用虛擬語氣,即“should+動詞原形”,should可省略)

  be in(great) demand(迫切)需求

  satisfy one’s demands滿足某人的需求

  [即學即練7](1)There have been ____________ the prime minister to resign.已有許多人要求首相辭職。

  (2)After school Tom ___________ help _________ me.放學后,湯姆要求我幫助。

  (3)She demanded that I (______) ______ everything to her about it.她要求我把知道的整個事情都告訴她。

  答案是:demands for;demanded;from/of;should tell

  (4)Medical workers are in great _________ in that area. 那個地方非常需要醫療工作者。

  (5)It’s impossible to satisfy everyone’s __________.滿足每個人的需求是不可能的。

  答案是:demand;demands

  8.approve v. 批準;滿意

  approval n. [U]批準;贊成;認可

  approve sth. 核準(批準)某事

  approve of sb./sth. 贊成某人(某事)

  approve of sb.‘s doing sth. 同意某人做某事

  without approval 未經許可

  with one’s approval 經某人同意

  [即學即練8](1)The minister ___________ the building plan.部長批準了這項建筑計劃。

  (2)The resolution __________________ 68 to 10 with 28 abstentions.決議以68票對10票通過,28票棄權。

  (3)Mother doesn‘t ____________ her smoking.母親不贊成她吸煙。

  答案是:approved;was approved by;approve of

  9.depend on 依靠;依賴;信賴;依……而定

  depend on/upon sth. 依靠某物;由……決定

  depend on sb. to do sth. 指望/依靠某人做某事

  depend on/upon sb./sth. for sth.指望/依靠某人/某物提供某物

  depend on it that...相信某件事 (it是虛詞,真正的內容是 that從句)

  depend on+wh-clause 依賴于

  That depends./It all depends.這很難說;得看情況。

  [即學即練9](1) Success ____________ your effort and ability.成功與否得看你的努力和能力。

  (2) It all ____________ whether or not you are interested in it.這完全看你對這事是不是有興趣。

  (3) You may ____________ them to be here early.你可以指望他們會早來。

  (4)-Is he coming?他來嗎?-____________. He may not have time.那要看情況。他不一定有時間。

  答案是:depends on;depends on;depend on;That depends

  10.so as to do sth. 以便,為了(做)……(引導目的狀語,不放于句首)

  in order to 以便,為了……(引導目的狀語,可放句首)

  so...as to 如此……以致(引導結果狀語)

  in order that 為了,以便……(引導目的狀語從句)

  so that 為了……;結果……(引導目的或結果狀語從句)

  so...that... 如此……以至于(引導結果狀語從句)

  [即學即練10](1)He ran quickly ____________/______________ catch the last bus.他跑得很快以便趕上末班車。

  (2)We turned on the light __________/_________________we might see what it was.

 ?。絎e turned on the light _____________ see what it was.我們把燈打開,以便看看它是什么。

  (3)She is ______ angry ____________ say a word in front of him.她如此生氣以致在他面前說不出一句話。

  答案是:so as to;in order to;so that;in order that;so as to;so;as to

  提示:當用 so as to, in order to時,句子前后動作的主語須一致。否則,用 so that, in order that.

  易 錯 點 撥

  自我完善?誤區備考

  1. assist/help/aid

  (1)assist正式用語,多指在提供幫助時,幫助者起次要或協助作用。

  (2)help最普遍用語,含義廣泛。指“以積極態度給予各方面的幫助”,強調“受助者得到幫助或好處”,并著重受助者對幫助的需要;側重積極地為他人提供物質、精神或其他方面的幫助。

  (3)aid正式用詞,指幫助他人脫離危險或戰勝困難,著重強調強者對急需幫助的弱者的幫助。

  [應用1] (1)They ______ flood victims.他們援助遭受水災的災民。

  (2)She ______ him in his experiments.她協助他做實驗。

  (3)Please ______ me arrange these papers.請幫我整理這些文件。

  答案是:aided;assisted;help

  2. profession/career/occupation/job/work

  (1)profession工作,一般指受過特殊訓練和良好教育的職業,如醫生、律師等;

  (2)career尤指一生的職業,可譯為“事業”;

  (3)occupation職業,較正式用語,常用在填寫表格上;

  (4)job職業,同occupation一樣為可數名詞,可指一個單獨任務,也可指工作職位;

  (5)work工作,不可數。

  [應用2] (1)Please state your ___________ here.請把您的職業填在這里。

  (2)I’ve got some ______ to do this afternoon.我今天下午有些工作要干。

  (3)He is hunting for a summer ______.他正急著找個暑期工作。

  答案是:occupation;work;job

  (4)He realized that his acting ______ was over.他意識到自己的演藝事業結束了。

  (5)My brother is a policeman by __________.我弟弟的職業是警察。

  答案是:career;profession

  自我測評?技能備考

 ?、?單詞拼寫

  1.A man is accounted innocent until he is proven g______.

  2.Producing a dictionary is a slow p__________.

  3.Can you tell me a__________ of time if you are coming?

  4.My parents don't a_________ of me smoking cigarettes.

  5.The new e___________ of encyclopaedia will appear in the bookstores next week.

  答案是:guilty ;process;ahead;approve;edition

  6.Industrial development is being _____________ (集中) in the west of the country.

  7.The saleswoman in the shop is always _______(渴望的) to please everybody.

  8.It was more in sorrow than in anger that he criticized his former _____________ (同事).

  答案是:concentrated ;eager;colleague

  9.The sales department makes an __________(準確的) forecast of sale.

  10.He wants to change his ___________ (約會) from Monday to Wednesday.

  答案是:accurate  ;appointment

  Ⅱ .單項選擇

  1.—How often do you eat out?

  —______, but usually once a week.

  A.Have no idea B.It depends

  C.As usual D.Generally speaking

  答案:B

  解析:句意為“你多長時間出去吃一次?”“要看情況而定,但是通常一周一次”。have no idea不知道;as usual與平時一樣;generally speaking 一般來說。

  2.It is through learning that the individual______many habitual ways of reacting to situations.

  A.remains B.gains

  C.achieves D.acquires

  答案:D

  解析:句意為“正是通過學習,個人才得以獲得應付各種情況的慣常做法”。remain“保持,留住”;gain“贏得”;achieve “取得(成就、進步等)”;acquire 指通過不斷學習而得到學問、技術等,符合題意。

  3.The flight will be announced soon. ______, please remain seated.

  A.However B.Yet

  C.Therefore D.Meanwhile

  答案:D

  解析:meanwhile 在此期間;however 然而;yet 仍然,然而; therefore 因此。

  4.(2010?北京東城期末)______ was reported in the paper, people in Chinese mainland sent disaster relief materials to help the flooded area in Taiwan Island.

  A.It B.That

  C.As D.What

  答案:C

  解析:考查定語從句。選擇定語從句的引導詞的關鍵是:在主句中找出先行詞。該句中定語從句的先行詞是后面的整個句子people in Chinese mainland sent disaster relief materials to help the flooded area in Taiwan Island,當先行詞為整個句子時,用關系代詞which或者as,但which不可以放在句首,故選C項。

  5.—Sorry, sir. I can't answer this question.

  —Well, you are supposed ______ this part of history.

  A.reading B.to be reading

  C.to have read D.having read

  答案:C

  解析:be supposed to have done 表示“本來應該已做了某事,但可能沒做”。

  6.In a room above the store, where a party ______, some workers were busily setting the table.

  A.was to be held B.has been held

  C.will be held D.is being held

  答案:A

  解析:考查時態和語態。根據 some workers were busily setting the table 判斷,聚會還沒有舉行,應用將來時態,且整個句子用過去時,故用過去將來時態。

  7.(2010?北京海淀期末)When I couldn't avoid meeting him, I faced an embarrassing situation ______ I could only keep silent.

  A.who B.which

  C.when D.where

  答案:D

  解析:考查定語從句。該定語從句的先行詞是前面的an embarrassing situation,關系詞在定語從句中作地點狀語,所以應該選用關系副詞where,據此這里選D項。

  8.(2010?河北重點中學聯考)-What should we pay more attention to if we go north in winter, Mum?

  -Nothing much. Take warm clothes ______ the weather is cold.

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