2024屆高考英語考前沖刺：專題精選完形填空

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　　2024屆高考英語考前沖刺專題精選完形填空

　　一、題型特點與解題技巧

　　完形填空題是一種集知識和能力為一體，立意新、要求高的綜合性語言測試題。它是一種高難度的障礙性閱讀題，此題旨在測試學生的綜合應用語言能力，同時又檢測他們的分析判斷能力和連貫性思維能力。

　?。ㄒ唬┩晷翁羁疹}型的特點

　　1. 首句完整

　　“完形填空” 所選短文一般無標題，但首句通常不設空，目的是讓考生迅速進入主題，熟悉語言環(huán)境，建立正確的思維導向。

　　2. 語境選擇

　　近幾年的高考完形填空題主要考查考生對上下文的理解，要求考生通過語境來作出選擇。 “語境能力型” 試題具有相當難度，因為完形填空所給的四個選項往往在語法方面都能成立，錯誤選項多半可以和空前、空后文字形成某種搭配，極具干擾和迷惑作用。做完形填空題，需要我們立足語篇環(huán)境，樹立全局觀念，瞻前顧后，連貫思維，從語境角度來選擇答案。

　　例如：

　　(1) Japan is an island country and its ___________ go all over Japan.

　　(2) Japan is an island country and its________ go all over the Pacific looking for fish to catch.

　　(3) Japan is an island country and its ______ go over the Pacific looking for the fish groups.

　　(4) Japan is an island country and its_____ go on the Pacific looking for the missing people.

　　(5)Japan is an island country and its_______ go all over Japan, sending people to and from work.

　　選擇項：A. fishing boats

　　B. lifeboats

　　C. planes

　　D. trains

　　例(1)無語境限制，A, B, C, D皆可。

　　例(2)只有fishing boats能夠到太平洋捕魚，故選A。

　　例(3)只有 planes 才能飛在太平洋的上空尋找魚群，選C。

　　例(4)在太平洋上尋找失蹤人員的應是lifeboats, 選B。

　　例(5).接送人們上下班的不會是fishing boats 和lifeboats, 用planes也有違常理，故選 D。

　　3. 動詞、名詞為主

　　完形填空所給的選項一般是同一詞類，或?qū)偻环懂牎y試點往往集中于某些詞類。高考完形填空題考查動詞（5—8個）、名詞（4—6個）、然后是形容詞，副詞等。而介詞、連詞、冠詞等虛詞則相對考得較少。這是因為完形填空主要考察語境，而在通常情況下只有實詞才能較好地體現(xiàn)語境。

　　4. 難處暗示

　　難選之處前后多有暗示。這種暗示多為后面暗示前面，也就是說前面的填空從當時的情況來看，或是線索不清，或是語境不明，無法填出，但只要我們繼續(xù)往下讀，我們就會發(fā)現(xiàn)此空在后面的某個地方有暗示。

　　5. 選材適中

　　近幾年來的高考完型填空題材多為具有一定故事情節(jié)的記敘文或具有一定哲理和教育意義，夾敘夾議，以敘為主的議論文。詞數(shù)在300左右。設空距離為10個詞左右。短文內(nèi)容結構嚴謹，邏輯性強，層次分明。材料難度與高三教材相當，所選短文的英語語言符合高三學生的實際水平。

　　(二) 完形填空題解題步驟

　　1. 細讀首句，預測主題

　　“完形填空” 所選短文一般無標題，但首句通常不設空，目的是讓考生迅速進入主題，建立正確的思維導向。同時也不可忽視尾句前后呼應的作用。

　　2. 跳讀全文，領會大意

　　要學會跳讀技巧。借助首尾句所給啟示，跳過空格，快速把短文從頭到尾通讀一遍，進一步從整體上理解短文大意。這是正確選擇的基礎，也是做題的關鍵。切忌急于求成，看一句填一空。

　　3. 通讀全文，試選答案

　　根據(jù)全文大意，試填選項，注意在語境理解上下功夫，要抓住上下文的內(nèi)容聯(lián)系和邏輯關系。在閱讀全文時，不要忽略連接詞、代詞、插入語、轉(zhuǎn)折語等的作用。

　　4. 細讀全文，推敲難題

　　若有些答案實在難以確定，可按空格所在位置，從詞語搭配、上下文意、習慣用法、詞義辨析和語法結構等方面，耐心細致地逐項分析，以求對應。可先讀所要填詞的句子，復讀上一句，兼顧下一句，即“瞻前顧后”，確保答案的準確無誤

　?。ㄈ┩晷翁羁疹}實用解題技巧

　　1.重視首句，把握開篇注意尾句讀懂首句可以幫助建立正確的思維導向，避免誤入歧途，對理解全文起重要的作用。往往提示或點明文章的主題，對理解全文有較大幫助。It was always thought that Treasure Island was the product of Robert Louis Stevenson’s imagination.

　　, recent research has found the true story of this exciting book.

　　36. A. However

　　B. Therefore

　　C. Besides

　　D. Finally

　　(2009寧夏、海南)

　?。?007江蘇）

　　Carolyn Stradley is the founder of C&S Paving Inc. (鋪路公司) in Atlanta, USA. In the following account, she recalls the job that challenged her

　　and skill but left her flying high.

　　“When the Atlanta Airport was under

　　in 1979, we were a new company struggling to make it. National Car Rental wanted to have 2,500 square meters of dirt paved

　　the cars could be on site

　　the airport opened, and the official opening was only ten days away!

　　厖厖厖厖厖厖厖厖厖厖厖厖厖厖厖厖厖厖厖?The key to our success was having the

　　to take on any job and then being creative in our approach to getting it done.

　　根據(jù)全文大意，試填選項，注意在語”

　　36. A. kindness B. patience C. imagination D. experience

　　37. A. construction B. repair C. control D. development

　　38. A. after B. as C. for D. so

　　39. A. while B. since C. where D. when

　　55. A. courage B. interest C. hope D. chance

　　2.前后呼應法解完形填空題要始終抓住文段本身，確立“雙語境”基準判斷做題，即大語境—全文中心和基調(diào)；小語境—空格前后的語意環(huán)境；再遵循前有伏筆，后有呼應的思路去做題。’s email was short, but I learned more from that

　　message than I ever did from

　　a textbook. The email taught me that a few words of

　　18 (appreciation)

　　can make a big difference. The rainstorm and the traffic

　　had made me tired and upset. But Garth’s words immediately

　　me and put a smile back on my face.

　　17.A.accurate

　　B. urgent

　　C. brief

　　D. humorous

　　19.A.troubles

　　B. signals

　　C. rules

　　D. signs

　　20.A.corrected

　　B .supported

　　C. amazed

　　D. refreshed

　　(2008山東)

　　3.詞匯辨析法從近年來高考真題的分析情況來看，相似詞匯彼此之間的細致辨析題型在考試中比重逐年增加，同時也是高中考生的弱點所在。After that Christmas, David and I became good friends, and I never forgot the meaning

　　the little empty box set on my desk.

　　20. A. from

　　B. behind

　　C. over

　　D. towards

　　(2009山東)

　　Despite all the troubles, she

　　to get the chicken into .

　　A. tried

　　B. arranged

　　C. managed

　　D. prepared

　　( 2011江西)

　　I passed by a girl who

　　__38__ her books out of her locker. Thinking like most that someone else would help her pick them up, I continued my way.

　　A. took

　　B. dropped

　　C. got

　　D. pulled

　　(2011湖南)

　　4.語法結構法此考點對于高中生比較熟悉，也是我們的優(yōu)勢所在。需要同學們注意的就是現(xiàn)在的這種考點核心在多種語法點的結合考察，也同時注意到語境的具體要求。I was about to turn off my computer

　　I received an email from Garth, my Director:

　　14.A.while

　　B. when

　　C. where

　　D. after

　　(2008 山東)

　　He always

　　after school to straighten chairs and mop the floor. We never talked much. He

　　just simply smile and what else he could do, then thank me for letting him stay and slowly

　　home.

　　7. A. practiced

　　B. wandered

　　C. studied

　　D. stayed

　　8. A. would

　　B. should

　　C. might D. could

　　9. A. aim at

　　B. turn to

　　C. put off

　　D. head for

　　(2009山東)

　　We don’t have to tell children

　　they should take from the story and what the moral is.

　　20. A. that

　　B. what

　　C. which

　　D. whom

　　(2009福建)

　　5.注意關聯(lián)詞their own right than as those of subordination(附屬)

　　6.A that

　　B. where

　　C. when

　　D. what

　　7.A.parent

　　B. member

　　C. family

　　D. relative

　　9.A. Besides

　　B. However

　　C. Instead

　　D. Therefore

　　10.A.admired

　　B. regarded

　　C. made

　　D. respected

　　(2008 福建)

　　6.固定搭配法這部分主要考查考生平時的基礎知識儲備，尤其是對動詞短語﹑形容詞短語﹑固定句型等的考查。Dear son,

　　I want to thank you for teaching me a very

　　lesson in life by the great example you

　　1.A.humorous

　　B. private

　　C. reasonable

　　D. valuable

　　2. A. followed

　　B. gave

　　C. set

　　D. took

　　( 2009 安徽)

　　The first time I remember noticing the crossing guard was when he waved to me as I drove my

　　son to school. He

　　me with a puzzle---all because he waved to me like someone does

　　seeing a close friend.

　　1. A. hit

　　B. disappointed

　　C. presented

　　D. bored

　　2.A. on

　　B. from

　　C. during

　　D. about

　　(2009天津)

　　There was no

　　asking his parents, for he knew they had no money to

　　5. A. point

　　B. reason

　　C. result

　　D. right

　　6. A. split

　　B. spend

　　C. spare

　　D. save

　　(2010 北京)

　　7..結合生活常識判斷

　　　She got shocked and confused - ___52___ was pouring from the kitchen. Rushing to investigate, she was met by three ___53___ little faces and some very burnt bread. "Sorry, we were hungry and you were ___54___, so we tried to make some bread," explained a boy. Relieved, Mary made them a snack and sent them back to bed. She___55__

　　them never to fall asleep on the job again!

　　(2011江西)

　　52. A. smoke

　　B. light

　　C. water

　　D. fire

　　53. A. cheerful

　　B. strange

　　C. guilty

　　D. confident

　　54. A. busy

　　B. hungry

　　C. worried

　　D. asleep

　　55. A. promised

　　B. allowed

　　C. expected

　　D. persuaded

　　二、實戰(zhàn)訓練

　　【經(jīng)典導引】

　　Although I love my life ,it hasn't been a lot of fun as I've been ill for 28 years.

　　Music has always been a great love of mine and ,in my 20s,when my_1_was move manageable ,I

　　ten years as a professional singer in restaurants, playing and singing folk songs.

　　that was years ago and times have changed . __4__ I live with my mother on a country farm .

　　Two years ago, I decided that I would need to have some kind of extra work to _5_ my disability pension (殘疾撫恤金）__6__ I needed to sleep in afternoons. I was limited in my__7_ .I decided that I would consider

　　to singing in restaurants.

　　My family are all musicians, so I was _9__ when I went into our local music store .I explained that I waned to sing again but using recorded karaoke music I knew that discs were very expensive and I really didn't have a lot of _10_ to get started. And

　　you find only three to four songs out of ten on a disc that you can __12__use.

　　When I told the owner of the shop about my

　　,he gave me a long ,thoughtful

　　__14__.“This means a lot to you , doesn't it ?"be said . “Come with me.”

　　He led me

　　the crowded shop and to a bench with a large professional karaoke box on it. He placed his large hand

　　on his treasure and said . “I have 800 karaoke songs in here. You can take your

　　and I’ll record them for you .That should get you started.”

　　. Thanking him, I made a time with him to listen to all the songs and choose

　　that I could sing . I have come full circle with his help.

　　His

　　still warms my heart and makes me do just that bit extra , when I have the chance.