高考英語同步練習《Unit 3 Science versus nature》專題語法攻略（十五） 定語從句 強化訓練 譯林版必修5
必修五
Unit 3 Science verwus nature
強化訓練
[高考真題體驗]
1.(2009·全國卷)She brought with her three friends，none ofI had ever met before.
A.them B.who
C.whom
D.these
解析：考查定語從句。先行詞為her three friends，表示人的關系代詞在從句中作賓語且位于介詞of之后，故用whom。
答案：C
2.(2009·全國卷)My friend showed me round the town，was very kind of him.
A.which
B.that
C.where
D.it
解析：考查定語從句。題干中的逗號之后為非限制性定語從句，關系代詞which指代前句的內容，且在從句中作主語。
答案：A
3.(2009·北京高考)—What do you think of teaching，Bob？
—I find it fun and challenging.It is a jobyou are doing something serious but interesting.
A.where
B.which
C.when
D.that
解析：考查定語從句。where you are doing something serious but interesting是定語從句，修飾先行詞job，where在從句中作地點狀語，相當于in which。
答案：A
4.(2009·江蘇高考)Because of the financial crisis，days are gonelocal 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night.
A.if
B.when
C.which
D.since
解析：考查限制性定語從句。本題屬于分隔型定語從句，因為謂語部分很短，謂語部分are gone被插入到先行詞days與定語從句之間。when引導定語從句修飾先行詞days。
答案：B
5.(2009·天津高考)A persone-mail account is full won't be able to send or receive any e-mails.
A.who
B.whom
C.whose
D.whoever
解析：考查定語從句。a person為先行詞，空格處指代該詞且與定語從句中的e-mail account之間存在所屬關系，故用whose。
答案：C
[名校模擬檢測]
1.(2010·東北三省四市聯考)Dorothy was able to switch between German，Polish andRussian，all of she spoke fluently.
A.whom
B.that
C.which
D.them
解析：該題中German，Polish and Russian是先行詞，故用which引導非限制性定語從句。
答案：C
2.(2010·遼寧大連第二十四中期末)We found some precious jars and vases in an ancient tomb， you know，are valuable.
A.even the pieces of which
B.which even pieces
C.even the pieces of it
D.whose even the pieces
解析：先行詞為jars and vases，從句表達“甚至它們的碎片也是很有價值的”。you know為插入語。D項應改為“even whose pieces”。
答案：A
3.(2010·山東勝利油田一中模擬)Some great people said it was their primary school teachers and their lessons they were fond of influenced their whole lives.
A.which；that
B.that；which
C.which；which
D.that；that
解析：第一個that是定語從句的引導詞，當定語從句中人和物共同作先行詞時，引導詞只能用that而不能用which；第二空的that是構成強調結構的連詞。
答案：D
4.(2010·安徽名校聯考一)is put in the report，the new machine will work twice as fast，thus reducing costs.
A.As
B.Which
C.That
D.What
解析：考查定語從句。as引導定語從句，指代后面的整個主句。句意：就像報告中說的那樣，新機器工作起來將快兩倍，因此可以降低成本。
答案：A
5.(2010·湖南湘潭模擬)People living on this island depend on tourism， development there won't be much work.
A.without its
B.without whose
C.by which
D.without which
解析：句意：生活在這座島上的居民靠旅游業為生，沒有旅游業的發展就沒有很多的工作機會。tourism是先行詞，定語從句中development缺少定語，所以用whose引導。由題意可知，介詞要用without，表示條件。
答案：B
6.(2010·南京二調)John， money is no problem，still leads a simple life.
A.for whose
B.of whose
C.of whom
D.for whom
解析：考查定語從句。可以把定語從句部分變化成“Money is no problem for John”，這樣便不難看出用介詞for＋關系代詞whom(指代John)來引導定語從句。
答案：D
7.(2010·溫州二模)I prefer a company people have to work as a team，instead of fighting against each other.
A.where
B.that
C.as
D.when
解析：考查定語從句。where在句中引導定語從句，修飾先行詞company，并且在從句中作狀語。
答案：A
8.(2010·海南萬寧期中)China has planned to build the world's largest national park， is expected to replace America's Yellowstone National Park.
A.which
B.where
C.what
D.as
解析：句意：中國計劃要建一個世界上最大的國家公園，預計會代替美國的黃石國家公園。which和as都可以引導非限制性定語從句，代表前面整個主句的內容，區別如下：which引導的非限制性定語從句一般不放在句首，as引導的非限制性定語從句位置比較靈活，as翻譯為“正如……一樣”。但是，此題中先行詞并非整個主句，而是park，所以用which引導。what不能引導定語從句；where引導定語從句時，在從句中作狀語。
答案：A
9.(2010·山東煙臺檢測)Most of the roads were covered with thick snow， made our journey more difficult.
A.one
B.it
C.which
D.that
解析：考查非限制性定語從句。which引導非限制性定語從句，指代前面的整個句子。
答案：C
10.(2010·福州教學質檢)After graduation she reached a point in her career she needed to decide what to do.
A.that
B.what
C.which
D.where
解析：關系副詞where引導定語從句修飾表示地點的先行詞point，在定語從句中充當地點狀語。point意為“點”，后接定語從句where she needed to decide what to do表示“她需要決定做什么的地方”。that和which引導定語從句時，在從句中可作主語、賓語或表語。what不能引導定語從句。
答案：D
11.(2010·浙江寧波質檢)He paid the boy 10 for washing twenty windows，most of hadn't been cleaned for at least a year.
A.them
B.those
C.which
D.that
解析：根據句意，在介詞of后面，指物應用關系代詞which。
答案：C
12.(2010·安徽合肥質檢)It was the training he had as a young man made him such a good engineer.
A.what；that
B.which；that
C.that；which
D.that；what
解析：這個強調句強調的是句子的主語the training，而the training 后又接一個定語從句。答案：B
13.(2010·山東聊城一模)Is this the reason at the meeting for his carelessness in his work？
A.he explained
B.what he explained
C.how he explained
D.why he explained
解析：reason是先行詞，定語從句中缺少賓語，所以用that或which引導，或者省略關系代詞。
答案：A
14.(2010·江蘇常州高三模擬)He seemed to be looking for the words he could express his idea.
A.for which
B.with which
C.for that
D.with that
解析：句意：他似乎在尋找能表達他觀點的話語。express...with words，“用語言表達……”。
答案：B
15.(2010·江蘇徐州調研)Pointing to the house on roof grew lots of bush，the old man told me that was I would stay.
A.its；what
B.whose；what
C.whose；where
D.its；where
解析：句意：老人指著那座屋頂上長著雜草的房子告訴我說，那就是我要住的地方。該題中，house是先行詞，定語從句是一個倒裝句，正常的語序是：lots of bush grew on whose roof。roof前缺少定語，所以用whose引導；that was I would stay是told的賓語從句。該賓語從句中，主語是that， I would stay是一個表語從句，從句中缺少地點狀語，所以用where引導。
答案：C
必修五
Unit 3 Science verwus nature
強化訓練
[高考真題體驗]
1.(2009·全國卷)She brought with her three friends，none ofI had ever met before.
A.them B.who
C.whom
D.these
解析：考查定語從句。先行詞為her three friends，表示人的關系代詞在從句中作賓語且位于介詞of之后，故用whom。
答案：C
2.(2009·全國卷)My friend showed me round the town，was very kind of him.
A.which
B.that
C.where
D.it
解析：考查定語從句。題干中的逗號之后為非限制性定語從句，關系代詞which指代前句的內容，且在從句中作主語。
答案：A
3.(2009·北京高考)—What do you think of teaching，Bob？
—I find it fun and challenging.It is a jobyou are doing something serious but interesting.
A.where
B.which
C.when
D.that
解析：考查定語從句。where you are doing something serious but interesting是定語從句，修飾先行詞job，where在從句中作地點狀語，相當于in which。
答案：A
4.(2009·江蘇高考)Because of the financial crisis，days are gonelocal 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night.
A.if
B.when
C.which
D.since
解析：考查限制性定語從句。本題屬于分隔型定語從句，因為謂語部分很短，謂語部分are gone被插入到先行詞days與定語從句之間。when引導定語從句修飾先行詞days。
答案：B
5.(2009·天津高考)A persone-mail account is full won't be able to send or receive any e-mails.
A.who
B.whom
C.whose
D.whoever
解析：考查定語從句。a person為先行詞，空格處指代該詞且與定語從句中的e-mail account之間存在所屬關系，故用whose。
答案：C
[名校模擬檢測]
1.(2010·東北三省四市聯考)Dorothy was able to switch between German，Polish andRussian，all of she spoke fluently.
A.whom
B.that
C.which
D.them
解析：該題中German，Polish and Russian是先行詞，故用which引導非限制性定語從句。
答案：C
2.(2010·遼寧大連第二十四中期末)We found some precious jars and vases in an ancient tomb， you know，are valuable.
A.even the pieces of which
B.which even pieces
C.even the pieces of it
D.whose even the pieces
解析：先行詞為jars and vases，從句表達“甚至它們的碎片也是很有價值的”。you know為插入語。D項應改為“even whose pieces”。
答案：A
3.(2010·山東勝利油田一中模擬)Some great people said it was their primary school teachers and their lessons they were fond of influenced their whole lives.
A.which；that
B.that；which
C.which；which
D.that；that
解析：第一個that是定語從句的引導詞，當定語從句中人和物共同作先行詞時，引導詞只能用that而不能用which；第二空的that是構成強調結構的連詞。
答案：D
4.(2010·安徽名校聯考一)is put in the report，the new machine will work twice as fast，thus reducing costs.
A.As
B.Which
C.That
D.What
解析：考查定語從句。as引導定語從句，指代后面的整個主句。句意：就像報告中說的那樣，新機器工作起來將快兩倍，因此可以降低成本。
答案：A
5.(2010·湖南湘潭模擬)People living on this island depend on tourism， development there won't be much work.
A.without its
B.without whose
C.by which
D.without which
解析：句意：生活在這座島上的居民靠旅游業為生，沒有旅游業的發展就沒有很多的工作機會。tourism是先行詞，定語從句中development缺少定語，所以用whose引導。由題意可知，介詞要用without，表示條件。
答案：B
6.(2010·南京二調)John， money is no problem，still leads a simple life.
A.for whose
B.of whose
C.of whom
D.for whom
解析：考查定語從句。可以把定語從句部分變化成“Money is no problem for John”，這樣便不難看出用介詞for＋關系代詞whom(指代John)來引導定語從句。
答案：D
7.(2010·溫州二模)I prefer a company people have to work as a team，instead of fighting against each other.
A.where
B.that
C.as
D.when
解析：考查定語從句。where在句中引導定語從句，修飾先行詞company，并且在從句中作狀語。
答案：A
8.(2010·海南萬寧期中)China has planned to build the world's largest national park， is expected to replace America's Yellowstone National Park.
A.which
B.where
C.what
D.as
解析：句意：中國計劃要建一個世界上最大的國家公園，預計會代替美國的黃石國家公園。which和as都可以引導非限制性定語從句，代表前面整個主句的內容，區別如下：which引導的非限制性定語從句一般不放在句首，as引導的非限制性定語從句位置比較靈活，as翻譯為“正如……一樣”。但是，此題中先行詞并非整個主句，而是park，所以用which引導。what不能引導定語從句；where引導定語從句時，在從句中作狀語。
答案：A
9.(2010·山東煙臺檢測)Most of the roads were covered with thick snow， made our journey more difficult.
A.one
B.it
C.which
D.that
解析：考查非限制性定語從句。which引導非限制性定語從句，指代前面的整個句子。
答案：C
10.(2010·福州教學質檢)After graduation she reached a point in her career she needed to decide what to do.
A.that
B.what
C.which
D.where
解析：關系副詞where引導定語從句修飾表示地點的先行詞point，在定語從句中充當地點狀語。point意為“點”，后接定語從句where she needed to decide what to do表示“她需要決定做什么的地方”。that和which引導定語從句時，在從句中可作主語、賓語或表語。what不能引導定語從句。
答案：D
11.(2010·浙江寧波質檢)He paid the boy 10 for washing twenty windows，most of hadn't been cleaned for at least a year.
A.them
B.those
C.which
D.that
解析：根據句意，在介詞of后面，指物應用關系代詞which。
答案：C
12.(2010·安徽合肥質檢)It was the training he had as a young man made him such a good engineer.
A.what；that
B.which；that
C.that；which
D.that；what
解析：這個強調句強調的是句子的主語the training，而the training 后又接一個定語從句。答案：B
13.(2010·山東聊城一模)Is this the reason at the meeting for his carelessness in his work？
A.he explained
B.what he explained
C.how he explained
D.why he explained
解析：reason是先行詞，定語從句中缺少賓語，所以用that或which引導，或者省略關系代詞。
答案：A
14.(2010·江蘇常州高三模擬)He seemed to be looking for the words he could express his idea.
A.for which
B.with which
C.for that
D.with that
解析：句意：他似乎在尋找能表達他觀點的話語。express...with words，“用語言表達……”。
答案：B
15.(2010·江蘇徐州調研)Pointing to the house on roof grew lots of bush，the old man told me that was I would stay.
A.its；what
B.whose；what
C.whose；where
D.its；where
解析：句意：老人指著那座屋頂上長著雜草的房子告訴我說，那就是我要住的地方。該題中，house是先行詞，定語從句是一個倒裝句，正常的語序是：lots of bush grew on whose roof。roof前缺少定語，所以用whose引導；that was I would stay是told的賓語從句。該賓語從句中，主語是that， I would stay是一個表語從句，從句中缺少地點狀語，所以用where引導。
答案：C
