* * * * * * * * * * *

　　3．學(xué)會(huì)使用復(fù)合句、分詞狀語(yǔ)、感嘆句、with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)、獨(dú)立主格、it句型等多種句式。如：

　　(原)Yesterday my father went to Tianhe Mall. He bought us a lot of gifts.

　　(改)Yesterday my father went to Tianhe Mall where

　　he bought us a lot of gifts.

　　(原)There was nothing else to do. We went home.

　　(改)There being nothing else to do, we went home.

　　英語(yǔ)的句式是多種多樣的，只要從要表達(dá)的內(nèi)容出發(fā)合理選用，文章的句式就會(huì)富于變化。在學(xué)習(xí)寫(xiě)作的過(guò)程中，學(xué)生應(yīng)不斷練習(xí)構(gòu)造各種各樣的句式，以提高語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力。 按要求改寫(xiě)下列句子 　1. The singer came out of the airport. A lot of fans followed him. He had a bunch of flowers in his hand.

　　簡(jiǎn)單句：__________________________________ _____________________________________________ (2)并列句：__________________________________ _____________________________________________ ____________________

　　Followed by a lot of fans, the singer came out of the airport, with a bunch of flowers in his hand.

　　The singer came out of the airport, with a bunch of flowers in his hand, and a lot of fans followed him.

　　(3)復(fù)合句：_______________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 　

　　The singer who was followed by a lot of fans came out of the airport, with a bunch of flowers in his hand.

　　2.My uncle lives in a small town. In the town there is a big factory. He has worked there for sixteen years.

　　(1)用it改寫(xiě)上組句子： _________________________________________________________________________________

　　(2)用復(fù)合句和并列句改寫(xiě)： _________________________________________________________________________________

　　My uncle lives in a small town. In it there is a big factory. He has worked there for sixteen years.

　　In the small town where my uncle lives, there is a big factory, and he has worked there for sixteen years. (3)用復(fù)合句和簡(jiǎn)單句改寫(xiě)： ____________________________________________________________________________________ (4)用復(fù)合句改寫(xiě)： ____________________________________________________________________________________

　　My uncle lives in a small town, where there is a big factory. He has worked there for sixteen years.

　　My uncle has worked for sixteen years in a big factory in the small town where he lives. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Part 2 Of 2 2024屆名校聯(lián)合高三英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)北師大版廣東專(zhuān)用

　　9. compare

　　compare作“比較”解時(shí),常用作及物動(dòng)詞,與介

　　詞with或to搭配,指同類(lèi)事物的具體比較。

　　Compare this with that, and you will see which

　　is better.

　　把這個(gè)和那個(gè)比較一下,你就可以看出哪個(gè)比

　　較好了。 compare作“比作……”解時(shí),與介詞to搭配,是 非同類(lèi)事物的抽象比較。 Shakespeare compared the world to a stage. 莎士比亞把人生比作舞臺(tái)。 表示比較,可以用compare with或compare to,但 表示比喻,只能用compare to。 過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)compared to或compared with表示 “與……比起來(lái)”,常在句中作狀語(yǔ),可位于句首 或句尾,介詞to和with可通用。 It was a small place when compared to/with what

　　it is now. 和現(xiàn)在比起來(lái),那時(shí)它還是一個(gè)小地方。 10. 有關(guān)pull的短語(yǔ) pull up

　　(使)停住 pull out

　　從車(chē)站開(kāi)出,離站 pull in

　　到站,進(jìn)站 pull through

　　恢復(fù)健康 pull down

　　拆毀 We were still on the platform when the train

　　pulled out. 當(dāng)火車(chē)離站時(shí),我們?nèi)栽谡九_(tái)上。 He was badly injured when falling off a horse but

　　he will pull through. 從馬上掉下來(lái)后,他嚴(yán)重受傷,但會(huì)恢復(fù)的。 That building on the corner was very old. They

　　pulled it down and put up a modern bank. 角落的那棟樓太舊了,他們把它拆毀,建成一棟 現(xiàn)代化銀行。 1. 從羅馬來(lái)的快車(chē)準(zhǔn)時(shí)進(jìn)站了。

　　The express from Rome ___________ on time. 2. 司機(jī)遇到交通燈時(shí)將車(chē)停下來(lái)。

　　The driver __________ when he came to the

　　traffic lights. pulled in pulled up 11. mean ①vt. say sth. in different words 意思是,意味著

　　What do you mean by saying so?

　　你這么說(shuō)是什么意思？

　　What does this word mean?

　　=What is meant by this word?

　　這個(gè)詞做什么解釋?zhuān)?/p>

　　What he said meant hiring more workers.

　　他的意思是再雇一些工人。 I didn’t mean to hurt you.

　　我本無(wú)意要傷害你。 mean作第一個(gè)意思解時(shí),后面的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用動(dòng)名詞,作第二個(gè)意思解時(shí),后面的動(dòng)詞用不定式。

　　② adj. 粗陋的,破爛不堪的;吝惜的,自私的

　　a mean house in a mean street

　　破爛街道上的簡(jiǎn)陋房屋

　　Her husband is rather mean over money matters.

　　她的丈夫?qū)﹀X(qián)財(cái)相當(dāng)吝惜。

　　You don't mean to say so. 你不是這個(gè)意思吧。

　　1. — Why didn’t you tell Anna the truth?

　　— I _________________(我本來(lái)打算).

　　But I was lacking in the courage. 2. You _________________(應(yīng)該) attend your

　　sister’s wedding. Why didn’t you come? meant to have were meant to 12. agree v.

　　同意 agree to (do) sth. 同意/答應(yīng)做某事 agree with 與……意見(jiàn)一致;與……符合；

　　適宜于……的健康或體質(zhì) agree on 就……取得一致意見(jiàn) I asked him to help me and he agreed. 我請(qǐng)他幫忙,他答應(yīng)了。 They agreed to our study plan at once. 他們立即同意了我們的學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃。 I do not agree with what you have said. 我不同意你所說(shuō)的。 They all agree on the matter. 他們?cè)谶@個(gè)問(wèn)題上意見(jiàn)一致。 1. 瑪麗的父親已同意她嫁給約翰。

　　Mary’s father has _________ her marrying John. 2. 這賬單與你原來(lái)的估計(jì)不符合。

　　This bill does not ___________ your original

　　estimate. 3. 他們商定了合同的條件。

　　They _______________ the terms of the contract. agreed to agree with agreed on / upon 13. go up 上升；攀登

　　I believe prices might go up next week.

　　我想下周的價(jià)格也許會(huì)上漲。

　　go up to 上升到

　　go up by 上升了 1. 河水在上漲/溫度在上升。 The river / temperature ____________. 2. 他們爬上了山/爬上了樹(shù)。 They __________ the mountain/trees.

　　【答案】 1. is going up　 2. went up

　　14. get stuck in 被困于

　　I was late because I got/was stuck in the

　　traffic jam.

　　因?yàn)槿?chē)我遲到了。

　　“get+過(guò)去分詞”的常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)： get married結(jié)婚

　　get hurt受傷 get scolded受責(zé)備

　　get excited激動(dòng) get cheated受騙

　　get started開(kāi)始 get bored厭煩

　　get paid被付 get confused被弄糊涂 get dismissed被開(kāi)除 get beaten挨打

　　get killed被殺 get caught in陷入；卷入；偶然遇上(雨，交通堵塞等) When I asked Jenny Trowe of Greenpeace for

　　advice about how to give up, she told me six things. 當(dāng)我問(wèn)珍妮·托爾關(guān)于綠色和平怎樣放棄時(shí)， 她告訴我6件事情。 本句中,疑問(wèn)詞how+動(dòng)詞不定式to give up作介 詞about的賓語(yǔ)。此外,“疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式” 還可作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)、句子的主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)等。 I don’t know what to do next.(賓) 我不知道下一步該做什么。 When to start hasn’t been decided.(主) 什么時(shí)候出發(fā)還沒(méi)有決定。 My problem is where to stay tonight.(表) 我的問(wèn)題是今晚在哪里過(guò)夜。 Please give me some advice on how to learn

　　English.(賓) 請(qǐng)給我一些關(guān)于如何學(xué)英語(yǔ)的建議。 你能教我怎樣用電腦嗎？

　　______________________________________ 我不知道是否該給他回信。

　　_____________________________________

　　_____________________________________ Can you teach me how to use the computer? I don’t know whether to answer his letter (or not).

　　如何使用高級(jí)詞匯及如何使句式多樣化

　　高考英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作部分在語(yǔ)言方面的要求中有：能盡量使用較高級(jí)詞匯。英文寫(xiě)作中若有高級(jí)詞匯，是獲取高分的重要條件之一，但如何使用高級(jí)詞匯？

　　1．注意使用詞組、習(xí)語(yǔ)來(lái)代替一些單詞以增加文采。如：用catch sight of代替see，用care nothing for代替dislike等。

　　2．使用一些很有“洋味”的單詞。

　　Thank you for sharing the time with us. (用share而不用spend)

　　The noise nearly drove me mad. (用drive而不用 make)

　　Tom had his leg broken last week. (用have his leg broken而不用break his leg)

　　3．避免重復(fù)使用同一單詞或短語(yǔ)。如：用We have built a new classroom building besides the old one and we have also set up a library where the old one used to be. 比用We have built a new classroom building besides the old one and we have also built a library where the old one used to be. 好。

　　英文寫(xiě)作中，不同的思想內(nèi)容要用不同的句式來(lái)表達(dá)；而同一思想內(nèi)容也可以用不同的句式來(lái)表達(dá)。句式不同，表達(dá)效果也就不同。只有句式多樣化，文章才會(huì)生動(dòng)有趣，充滿活力。

　　可是，在實(shí)際寫(xiě)作中，初學(xué)寫(xiě)作的學(xué)生往往一 篇文章都是千篇一律的簡(jiǎn)單句，文章單調(diào)乏味，毫無(wú)生氣。筆者認(rèn)為，恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂媚承┓椒ɑ蚴侄斡兄趯?shí)際表達(dá)形式的多樣化，增強(qiáng)表達(dá)效果。下面將常用方法簡(jiǎn)單介紹如下：

　　1．改變句子的開(kāi)頭方式。不要一味地都是主語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭， 可以把狀語(yǔ)置于句首等。如：

　　(原) He was still absorbed in his work deep into the night.

　　(改) Deep into the night, he was absorbed in his work.

　　2．學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用特殊句式。

　　省略句： If necessary, we shall send a telegram home.

　　倒裝句： Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.

　　強(qiáng)調(diào)句： It was at that moment that he changed his mind. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

　　* * * * * * * * * * *

　　3．學(xué)會(huì)使用復(fù)合句、分詞狀語(yǔ)、感嘆句、with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)、獨(dú)立主格、it句型等多種句式。如：

　　(原)Yesterday my father went to Tianhe Mall. He bought us a lot of gifts.

　　(改)Yesterday my father went to Tianhe Mall where

　　he bought us a lot of gifts.

　　(原)There was nothing else to do. We went home.

　　(改)There being nothing else to do, we went home.

　　英語(yǔ)的句式是多種多樣的，只要從要表達(dá)的內(nèi)容出發(fā)合理選用，文章的句式就會(huì)富于變化。在學(xué)習(xí)寫(xiě)作的過(guò)程中，學(xué)生應(yīng)不斷練習(xí)構(gòu)造各種各樣的句式，以提高語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力。 按要求改寫(xiě)下列句子 　1. The singer came out of the airport. A lot of fans followed him. He had a bunch of flowers in his hand.

　　簡(jiǎn)單句：__________________________________ _____________________________________________ (2)并列句：__________________________________ _____________________________________________ ____________________

　　Followed by a lot of fans, the singer came out of the airport, with a bunch of flowers in his hand.

　　The singer came out of the airport, with a bunch of flowers in his hand, and a lot of fans followed him.

　　(3)復(fù)合句：_______________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 　

　　The singer who was followed by a lot of fans came out of the airport, with a bunch of flowers in his hand.

　　2.My uncle lives in a small town. In the town there is a big factory. He has worked there for sixteen years.

　　(1)用it改寫(xiě)上組句子： _________________________________________________________________________________

　　(2)用復(fù)合句和并列句改寫(xiě)： _________________________________________________________________________________

　　My uncle lives in a small town. In it there is a big factory. He has worked there for sixteen years.

　　In the small town where my uncle lives, there is a big factory, and he has worked there for sixteen years. (3)用復(fù)合句和簡(jiǎn)單句改寫(xiě)： ____________________________________________________________________________________ (4)用復(fù)合句改寫(xiě)： ____________________________________________________________________________________

　　My uncle lives in a small town, where there is a big factory. He has worked there for sixteen years.

　　My uncle has worked for sixteen years in a big factory in the small town where he lives. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Part 2 Of 2 2024屆名校聯(lián)合高三英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)北師大版廣東專(zhuān)用

　　9. compare

　　compare作“比較”解時(shí),常用作及物動(dòng)詞,與介

　　詞with或to搭配,指同類(lèi)事物的具體比較。

　　Compare this with that, and you will see which

　　is better.

　　把這個(gè)和那個(gè)比較一下,你就可以看出哪個(gè)比

　　較好了。 compare作“比作……”解時(shí),與介詞to搭配,是 非同類(lèi)事物的抽象比較。 Shakespeare compared the world to a stage. 莎士比亞把人生比作舞臺(tái)。 表示比較,可以用compare with或compare to,但 表示比喻,只能用compare to。 過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)compared to或compared with表示 “與……比起來(lái)”,常在句中作狀語(yǔ),可位于句首 或句尾,介詞to和with可通用。 It was a small place when compared to/with what

　　it is now. 和現(xiàn)在比起來(lái),那時(shí)它還是一個(gè)小地方。 10. 有關(guān)pull的短語(yǔ) pull up

　　(使)停住 pull out

　　從車(chē)站開(kāi)出,離站 pull in

　　到站,進(jìn)站 pull through

　　恢復(fù)健康 pull down

　　拆毀 We were still on the platform when the train

　　pulled out. 當(dāng)火車(chē)離站時(shí),我們?nèi)栽谡九_(tái)上。 He was badly injured when falling off a horse but

　　he will pull through. 從馬上掉下來(lái)后,他嚴(yán)重受傷,但會(huì)恢復(fù)的。 That building on the corner was very old. They

　　pulled it down and put up a modern bank. 角落的那棟樓太舊了,他們把它拆毀,建成一棟 現(xiàn)代化銀行。 1. 從羅馬來(lái)的快車(chē)準(zhǔn)時(shí)進(jìn)站了。

　　The express from Rome ___________ on time. 2. 司機(jī)遇到交通燈時(shí)將車(chē)停下來(lái)。

　　The driver __________ when he came to the

　　traffic lights. pulled in pulled up 11. mean ①vt. say sth. in different words 意思是,意味著

　　What do you mean by saying so?

　　你這么說(shuō)是什么意思？

　　What does this word mean?

　　=What is meant by this word?

　　這個(gè)詞做什么解釋?zhuān)?/p>

　　What he said meant hiring more workers.

　　他的意思是再雇一些工人。 I didn’t mean to hurt you.

　　我本無(wú)意要傷害你。 mean作第一個(gè)意思解時(shí),后面的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用動(dòng)名詞,作第二個(gè)意思解時(shí),后面的動(dòng)詞用不定式。

　?、?adj. 粗陋的,破爛不堪的;吝惜的,自私的

　　a mean house in a mean street

　　破爛街道上的簡(jiǎn)陋房屋

　　Her husband is rather mean over money matters.

　　她的丈夫?qū)﹀X(qián)財(cái)相當(dāng)吝惜。

　　You don't mean to say so. 你不是這個(gè)意思吧。

　　1. — Why didn’t you tell Anna the truth?

　　— I _________________(我本來(lái)打算).

　　But I was lacking in the courage. 2. You _________________(應(yīng)該) attend your

　　sister’s wedding. Why didn’t you come? meant to have were meant to 12. agree v.

　　同意 agree to (do) sth. 同意/答應(yīng)做某事 agree with 與……意見(jiàn)一致;與……符合；

　　適宜于……的健康或體質(zhì) agree on 就……取得一致意見(jiàn) I asked him to help me and he agreed. 我請(qǐng)他幫忙,他答應(yīng)了。 They agreed to our study plan at once. 他們立即同意了我們的學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃。 I do not agree with what you have said. 我不同意你所說(shuō)的。 They all agree on the matter. 他們?cè)谶@個(gè)問(wèn)題上意見(jiàn)一致。 1. 瑪麗的父親已同意她嫁給約翰。

　　Mary’s father has _________ her marrying John. 2. 這賬單與你原來(lái)的估計(jì)不符合。

　　This bill does not ___________ your original

　　estimate. 3. 他們商定了合同的條件。

　　They _______________ the terms of the contract. agreed to agree with agreed on / upon 13. go up 上升；攀登

　　I believe prices might go up next week.

　　我想下周的價(jià)格也許會(huì)上漲。

　　go up to 上升到

　　go up by 上升了 1. 河水在上漲/溫度在上升。 The river / temperature ____________. 2. 他們爬上了山/爬上了樹(shù)。 They __________ the mountain/trees.

　　【答案】 1. is going up　 2. went up

　　14. get stuck in 被困于

　　I was late because I got/was stuck in the

　　traffic jam.

　　因?yàn)槿?chē)我遲到了。

　　“get+過(guò)去分詞”的常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)： get married結(jié)婚

　　get hurt受傷 get scolded受責(zé)備

　　get excited激動(dòng) get cheated受騙

　　get started開(kāi)始 get bored厭煩

　　get paid被付 get confused被弄糊涂 get dismissed被開(kāi)除 get beaten挨打

　　get killed被殺 get caught in陷入；卷入；偶然遇上(雨，交通堵塞等) When I asked Jenny Trowe of Greenpeace for

　　advice about how to give up, she told me six things. 當(dāng)我問(wèn)珍妮·托爾關(guān)于綠色和平怎樣放棄時(shí)， 她告訴我6件事情。 本句中,疑問(wèn)詞how+動(dòng)詞不定式to give up作介 詞about的賓語(yǔ)。此外,“疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式” 還可作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)、句子的主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)等。 I don’t know what to do next.(賓) 我不知道下一步該做什么。 When to start hasn’t been decided.(主) 什么時(shí)候出發(fā)還沒(méi)有決定。 My problem is where to stay tonight.(表) 我的問(wèn)題是今晚在哪里過(guò)夜。 Please give me some advice on how to learn

　　English.(賓) 請(qǐng)給我一些關(guān)于如何學(xué)英語(yǔ)的建議。 你能教我怎樣用電腦嗎？

　　______________________________________ 我不知道是否該給他回信。

　　_____________________________________

　　_____________________________________ Can you teach me how to use the computer? I don’t know whether to answer his letter (or not).

　　如何使用高級(jí)詞匯及如何使句式多樣化

　　高考英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作部分在語(yǔ)言方面的要求中有：能盡量使用較高級(jí)詞匯。英文寫(xiě)作中若有高級(jí)詞匯，是獲取高分的重要條件之一，但如何使用高級(jí)詞匯？

　　1．注意使用詞組、習(xí)語(yǔ)來(lái)代替一些單詞以增加文采。如：用catch sight of代替see，用care nothing for代替dislike等。

　　2．使用一些很有“洋味”的單詞。

　　Thank you for sharing the time with us. (用share而不用spend)

　　The noise nearly drove me mad. (用drive而不用 make)

　　Tom had his leg broken last week. (用have his leg broken而不用break his leg)

　　3．避免重復(fù)使用同一單詞或短語(yǔ)。如：用We have built a new classroom building besides the old one and we have also set up a library where the old one used to be. 比用We have built a new classroom building besides the old one and we have also built a library where the old one used to be. 好。

　　英文寫(xiě)作中，不同的思想內(nèi)容要用不同的句式來(lái)表達(dá)；而同一思想內(nèi)容也可以用不同的句式來(lái)表達(dá)。句式不同，表達(dá)效果也就不同。只有句式多樣化，文章才會(huì)生動(dòng)有趣，充滿活力。

　　可是，在實(shí)際寫(xiě)作中，初學(xué)寫(xiě)作的學(xué)生往往一 篇文章都是千篇一律的簡(jiǎn)單句，文章單調(diào)乏味，毫無(wú)生氣。筆者認(rèn)為，恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂媚承┓椒ɑ蚴侄斡兄趯?shí)際表達(dá)形式的多樣化，增強(qiáng)表達(dá)效果。下面將常用方法簡(jiǎn)單介紹如下：

　　1．改變句子的開(kāi)頭方式。不要一味地都是主語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭， 可以把狀語(yǔ)置于句首等。如：

　　(原) He was still absorbed in his work deep into the night.

　　(改) Deep into the night, he was absorbed in his work.

　　2．學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用特殊句式。

　　省略句： If necessary, we shall send a telegram home.

　　倒裝句： Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.

　　強(qiáng)調(diào)句： It was at that moment that he changed his mind. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *