Unit 2　Growing pains

　　時間：30分鐘

　　Ⅰ.單項填空

　　1．The enemy had no choice but ________ their arms and ________.

　　A．lie down，give in

　　B．lay down，give in

　　C．to lay down，give in

　　D．to lie down，to give in

　　答案　C　[have no choice but后接帶to的不定式，且and與不定式之間存在并列關系。lay down one’s arms是“放下武器”之意。]

　　2．In order to look after her sick mother，she asked for a month's ________.

　　A．holiday

　　B．vacation

　　C．leave

　　D．rest

　　答案　C　[holiday與vacation指“度假”，而leave指因事(病)而請的假。]

　　3．________ alone in a dark room，the little girl was so frightened as to cry loudly.

　　A．Leaving

　　B．Left

　　C．Being left

　　D．To be left

　　答案　B　[此題考查非謂語動詞。由于leave與句子主語the little girl是被動關系，所以應該用過去分詞作狀語。]

　　4．—Why can't you and Bill go to the movies tonight?

　　—We are ________ a history test tomorrow.

　　A．supposed to having

　　B．supposedly to have

　　C．supposed to have

　　D．supposedly to having

　　答案　C　[答語意為“我們明天應有歷史測驗”。be supposed to do為固定詞組，意為“理應做”。]

　　5．I ________ go shopping when the telephone rang.

　　A．was about to

　　B．was just to

　　C．had to

　　D．wanted to

　　答案　A　[be about to do sth相當于be on the point of doing sth/be just going to do sth意為“馬上就要做某事”，一般不與時間狀語連用；be to do sth指按計劃或職責、義務要求必須做某事或即將發生的動作；have to do sth不得不做某事；want to do sth想要做某事。]

　　6．It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows ________.

　　A．it what to do with B．what to do it with

　　C．what to do with it

　　D．to do that with it

　　答案　C　[do with中的do為及物動詞，且what置于動詞不定式之前。]

　　7．The teacher stressed again that the students should not ________ any important details while retelling the story.

　　A．bring out

　　B．let out

　　C．leave out

　　D．make out

　　答案　C　[考查動詞短語辨析。句意為“老師再次強調說，學生在復述這個故事的時候不應遺漏重要的細節”。因此選leave out，表示“遺漏；省略掉”。其他短語的含義：bring out 使……顯現；let out發出(喊叫)；放出(氣味、光等)；make out辨別出。]

　　8．The children were left ________ of a neighbour when they were on holiday.

　　A．in charge

　　B．in the charge

　　C．under charge

　　D．at charge

　　答案　B　[in the charge of...表示“由……掌管；由……負責”。]

　　9．________ you've got a chance，you might as well make full use of it.

　　A．Now that

　　B．After

　　C．Although

　　D．As soon as

　　答案　A　[根據題意“既然你得到了一個機會，你還是充分利用它為好”可知，B、C、D三項均不符合題意。]

　　10．How I wish every family ________ a large house with a beautiful garden!

　　A．has

　　B．had

　　C．will have

　　D．had had

　　答案　B　[wish后接賓語從句，表示現在無法實現的愿望時，從句要用一般過去時。]

　　11．Schools in the south tend to be better equipped，________ those in the north are relatively poor.

　　A．while

　　B．since

　　C．when

　　D．as

　　答案　A　[此處while有強調對比的意思。]

　　12．Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes ________ people were eaten by the tiger.

　　A．in which

　　B．by which

　　C．which

　　D．that

　　答案　A　[由四個選項可知應填入定語從句的引導詞，先行詞是表示地點的scenes，故用in which。]

　　13．The passenger was tired and walked slowly but he got home ________.

　　A．after all

　　B．at all

　　C．above all

　　D．in all

　　答案　A　[句意為“這位旅客很疲勞，走得很慢，但他終究還是到家了”。從句意可知，后句表達的是轉折意義。B、C、D三項沒有此用法。]

　　14．The bus driver insisted that he ________ at a normal speed and therefore　________ for the child's death.

　　A．drive；not answer

　　B．was driving；shouldn't answer

　　C．should drive；shouldn't have answered

　　D．drove；shouldn't answer

　　答案　D　[句意為“那位公共汽車司機堅持認為他是以正常速度行駛，因此他不應該對那個小孩的死負責”。insist在表示“堅持；堅持說”時，從句應用陳述語氣。]

　　15．Who do you ______ we send to cover the bank robbery?

　　A．know

　　B．suppose

　　C．think

　　D．suggest

　　答案　D　[do you suggest是插入語，只有suggest才要求后面的send是原形。]

　　Ⅱ.閱讀理解

　　A

　　LOS ANGELES—Old people who keep walking a relatively long distance may be less likely to suffer from cognitive(認知的) decline，a new study suggests.

　　“By walking regularly，and maintaining a little bit of moderate physical activity，you can reduce your likelihood of developing Alzheimer's disease and spare brain tissue，” Kirk I．Erickson，the study's lead author，said.

　　Erickson and his colleagues from the University of Pittsburgh began to establish a link between walking and memory in 1989.

　　According to the report on their study published online Wednesday in Neurology，an official journal of the American Academy of Neurology，researchers tracked the physical activity and cognitive patterns of nearly 300 adults.

　　At the very beginning，all participants，on average 78 years old and about two－thirds being women，were in good cognitive health.The researchers charted how many blocks each person walked in one week.

　　Nine years later，the participants were given a MRI scan to measure their brain size.All of them were deemed to be“cognitively normal.”

　　But after four more years，test showed a little more than one third of the participants had developed a mild cognitive impairment or dementia.

　　By correlating cognitive health，brain scans and walking patterns，the research team found that being more physically active appeared to lower the risk of developing cognitive impairment.

　　As to how much walking would help prevent cognitive decline，the researchers suggested that walking about six miles，or 9.6 km，per week appears to protect the brain against shrinking in old age.

　　The researchers said the relationship between walking and gray matter volume appears to apply only to people who regularly walk relatively long distances.

　　The more someone walks，the more gray matter tissue the person will have a decade or more down the road in regions of the brain，namely the hippocampus，the inferior frontal gyrus and the supplementary motor area，that are central to cognition.

　　And among the more physically active participants who had retained more gray matter a decade out，the chances of developing cognitive impairment were cut in half，the study said.

　　【語篇解讀】 老年人進行適當、有規律的散步能減少認知能力下降的可能性。

　　1．When did the old people tested in the research begin to show difference in cognitive decline?

　　A．When they were 78 years old.

　　B．When they were 87 years old.

　　C．Between the year 1989 and 1998.

　　D．Between the year 1998 and 2002.

　　答案　D　[細節理解題。從文中第三段可知，實驗于1989年開始，在9＋4年之后，測試結果顯示實驗對象在認知能力上已經存在差異。]

　　2．What do we know about the gray matter?

　　A．The quantity of it has a decisive influence on the cognitive ability.

　　B．It's something in the muscle that develops from physical activity.

　　C．It's a brain disease that will damage the cognitive ability.

　　D．It's some brain matter that can cure brain diseases.

　　答案　A　[細節理解題。從文章最后三段可知，體力運動較積極的人腦部的gray matter較多，可推斷gray matter的數量可顯示認知能力水平。]

　　3．Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “shrinking” in Para.9?

　　A．worrying.

　　B．weakening.

　　C．widening.

　　D．wandering.

　　答案　B　[詞義猜測題。根據文意可知，walking可防止腦部萎縮，功能退化，與答案B(weakening)最相近。]

　　4．What is TRUE about the research?

　　A．Men and women differ in the decline of cognition.

　　B．The research subjects were required to walk blocks per week.

　　C．The findings suggest the more walking，the better health.

　　D．There were about 200 women involved in the research.

　　答案　D　[正誤判斷題。從文中第四、五段可知，測試對象約300人，其中約2/3為女性。]

　　B

　　Israeli researchers say they have developed a substance that attracts and kills the mosquitoes infected with the malaria parasite(瘧原蟲)．However，the sweet－smelling substance is said to be harmless to people and animals，Scientists at Hebrew University in Jerusalem developed the sugary bait by combining fruit juice oils and boric acid(硼酸)．The fruit juice oils get the attention of the mosquitoes，and the boric acid kills the insects when they eat it.

　　The scientists took the sweet boric acid bait to the West African nation of Mali.They sprayed(噴灑) it on the plants near the man－made ponds which are home to “Anopheles Gambiae”，the mosquitoes that carry the most deadly form of malaria(瘧疾)．The researchers also placed a sweet－smelling spray on the grasses near other ponds.But it contained no boric acid.Both of the substances also contained a substance that would mark any mosquito that came in contact with the bait.In this way the scientists could count the mosquitoes that fed on it.

　　Yosef Schlein，an expert on the insects that affect human health，led the sweet bait research.He says thirty－eight days of results show the sweet boric acid bait proved very effective in killing mosquitoes.At the ponds treated only with sweet－smelling bait，Professor Schlein says，more than seventy－five percent of mosquitoes fed on the false bait.He says most people do not know that female mosquitoes feed on sweet plant nectar to survive.

　　The Israeli researchers now hope to develop a bait that is even more desirable to the malaria mosquitoes.

　　Boric acid is generally safe for human beings and other mammals.Professor Schlein says scientists might be able to develop a mosquito bait for enclosed spaces.Boric acid has been used to kill other insects，including cockroaches，termites and ants inside homes since the middle of last century.

　　【語篇解讀】 科學家們發現一種新的、對人類無害的、可以殺死瘧蚊的方法。

　　5．Which of the following is TRUE about the sweet－smelling substance?

　　A．It is said to be harmless to people but harmful to animals.

　　B．It attracts the mosquitoes but fails to kill them most of the time.

　　C．It is actually created by Professor Schlein.

　　D．It is a mixture of fruit juice oils and boric acid.

　　答案　D　[細節理解題。根據文章第一段可知答案為D。]

　　6．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

　　A．A sweet-smelling spray.

　　B．The fruit juice oil.

　　C．A sweet-smelling spray with boric acid.

　　D．The sweet boric acid bait.

　　答案　A　[詞義指代題。根據文章第二段中The researchers also placed a sweet-smelling spray on the grasses near other ponds.But it contained no boric acid可知答案為A。]

　　7．What do we know about Yosef Schlein?

　　A．He offered help to the researchers in the sweet bait research.

　　B．He is an expert on the substances that affect human health.

　　C．He thinks the sweet boric acid bait kills the malaria mosquitoes very effectively.

　　D．He thinks most people know female mosquitoes feed on sweet plant nectar to survive.

　　答案　C　[細節理解題。根據文章第三段可知答案為C。]

　　8．We can infer from the text that ________.

　　A．there will be fewer and fewer mosquitoes in Mali.

　　B．the new mosquito killer has been widely used in Africa.

　　C．malaria will become the most dangerous disease in the poorest areas of Africa.

　　D．the Israeli researchers want to develop a substance more attractive to the mosquitoes.

　　答案　D　[推理判斷題。根據文章倒數第二段The Israeli researchers now hope to develop a bait that is even more desirable to the malaria mosquitoes可知答案為D。]

　　Unit 2　Growing pains

　　時間：30分鐘

　　Ⅰ.單項填空

　　1．The enemy had no choice but ________ their arms and ________.

　　A．lie down，give in

　　B．lay down，give in

　　C．to lay down，give in

　　D．to lie down，to give in

　　答案　C　[have no choice but后接帶to的不定式，且and與不定式之間存在并列關系。lay down one’s arms是“放下武器”之意。]

　　2．In order to look after her sick mother，she asked for a month's ________.

　　A．holiday

　　B．vacation

　　C．leave

　　D．rest

　　答案　C　[holiday與vacation指“度假”，而leave指因事(病)而請的假。]

　　3．________ alone in a dark room，the little girl was so frightened as to cry loudly.

　　A．Leaving

　　B．Left

　　C．Being left

　　D．To be left

　　答案　B　[此題考查非謂語動詞。由于leave與句子主語the little girl是被動關系，所以應該用過去分詞作狀語。]

　　4．—Why can't you and Bill go to the movies tonight?

　　—We are ________ a history test tomorrow.

　　A．supposed to having

　　B．supposedly to have

　　C．supposed to have

　　D．supposedly to having

　　答案　C　[答語意為“我們明天應有歷史測驗”。be supposed to do為固定詞組，意為“理應做”。]

　　5．I ________ go shopping when the telephone rang.

　　A．was about to

　　B．was just to

　　C．had to

　　D．wanted to

　　答案　A　[be about to do sth相當于be on the point of doing sth/be just going to do sth意為“馬上就要做某事”，一般不與時間狀語連用；be to do sth指按計劃或職責、義務要求必須做某事或即將發生的動作；have to do sth不得不做某事；want to do sth想要做某事。]

　　6．It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows ________.

　　A．it what to do with B．what to do it with

　　C．what to do with it

　　D．to do that with it

　　答案　C　[do with中的do為及物動詞，且what置于動詞不定式之前。]

　　7．The teacher stressed again that the students should not ________ any important details while retelling the story.

　　A．bring out

　　B．let out

　　C．leave out

　　D．make out

　　答案　C　[考查動詞短語辨析。句意為“老師再次強調說，學生在復述這個故事的時候不應遺漏重要的細節”。因此選leave out，表示“遺漏；省略掉”。其他短語的含義：bring out 使……顯現；let out發出(喊叫)；放出(氣味、光等)；make out辨別出。]

　　8．The children were left ________ of a neighbour when they were on holiday.

　　A．in charge

　　B．in the charge

　　C．under charge

　　D．at charge

　　答案　B　[in the charge of...表示“由……掌管；由……負責”。]

　　9．________ you've got a chance，you might as well make full use of it.

　　A．Now that

　　B．After

　　C．Although

　　D．As soon as

　　答案　A　[根據題意“既然你得到了一個機會，你還是充分利用它為好”可知，B、C、D三項均不符合題意。]

　　10．How I wish every family ________ a large house with a beautiful garden!

　　A．has

　　B．had

　　C．will have

　　D．had had

　　答案　B　[wish后接賓語從句，表示現在無法實現的愿望時，從句要用一般過去時。]

　　11．Schools in the south tend to be better equipped，________ those in the north are relatively poor.

　　A．while

　　B．since

　　C．when

　　D．as

　　答案　A　[此處while有強調對比的意思。]

　　12．Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes ________ people were eaten by the tiger.

　　A．in which

　　B．by which

　　C．which

　　D．that

　　答案　A　[由四個選項可知應填入定語從句的引導詞，先行詞是表示地點的scenes，故用in which。]

　　13．The passenger was tired and walked slowly but he got home ________.

　　A．after all

　　B．at all

　　C．above all

　　D．in all

　　答案　A　[句意為“這位旅客很疲勞，走得很慢，但他終究還是到家了”。從句意可知，后句表達的是轉折意義。B、C、D三項沒有此用法。]

　　14．The bus driver insisted that he ________ at a normal speed and therefore　________ for the child's death.

　　A．drive；not answer

　　B．was driving；shouldn't answer

　　C．should drive；shouldn't have answered

　　D．drove；shouldn't answer

　　答案　D　[句意為“那位公共汽車司機堅持認為他是以正常速度行駛，因此他不應該對那個小孩的死負責”。insist在表示“堅持；堅持說”時，從句應用陳述語氣。]

　　15．Who do you ______ we send to cover the bank robbery?

　　A．know

　　B．suppose

　　C．think

　　D．suggest

　　答案　D　[do you suggest是插入語，只有suggest才要求后面的send是原形。]

　　Ⅱ.閱讀理解

　　A

　　LOS ANGELES—Old people who keep walking a relatively long distance may be less likely to suffer from cognitive(認知的) decline，a new study suggests.

　　“By walking regularly，and maintaining a little bit of moderate physical activity，you can reduce your likelihood of developing Alzheimer's disease and spare brain tissue，” Kirk I．Erickson，the study's lead author，said.

　　Erickson and his colleagues from the University of Pittsburgh began to establish a link between walking and memory in 1989.

　　According to the report on their study published online Wednesday in Neurology，an official journal of the American Academy of Neurology，researchers tracked the physical activity and cognitive patterns of nearly 300 adults.

　　At the very beginning，all participants，on average 78 years old and about two－thirds being women，were in good cognitive health.The researchers charted how many blocks each person walked in one week.

　　Nine years later，the participants were given a MRI scan to measure their brain size.All of them were deemed to be“cognitively normal.”

　　But after four more years，test showed a little more than one third of the participants had developed a mild cognitive impairment or dementia.

　　By correlating cognitive health，brain scans and walking patterns，the research team found that being more physically active appeared to lower the risk of developing cognitive impairment.

　　As to how much walking would help prevent cognitive decline，the researchers suggested that walking about six miles，or 9.6 km，per week appears to protect the brain against shrinking in old age.

　　The researchers said the relationship between walking and gray matter volume appears to apply only to people who regularly walk relatively long distances.

　　The more someone walks，the more gray matter tissue the person will have a decade or more down the road in regions of the brain，namely the hippocampus，the inferior frontal gyrus and the supplementary motor area，that are central to cognition.

　　And among the more physically active participants who had retained more gray matter a decade out，the chances of developing cognitive impairment were cut in half，the study said.

　　【語篇解讀】 老年人進行適當、有規律的散步能減少認知能力下降的可能性。

　　1．When did the old people tested in the research begin to show difference in cognitive decline?

　　A．When they were 78 years old.

　　B．When they were 87 years old.

　　C．Between the year 1989 and 1998.

　　D．Between the year 1998 and 2002.

　　答案　D　[細節理解題。從文中第三段可知，實驗于1989年開始，在9＋4年之后，測試結果顯示實驗對象在認知能力上已經存在差異。]

　　2．What do we know about the gray matter?

　　A．The quantity of it has a decisive influence on the cognitive ability.

　　B．It's something in the muscle that develops from physical activity.

　　C．It's a brain disease that will damage the cognitive ability.

　　D．It's some brain matter that can cure brain diseases.

　　答案　A　[細節理解題。從文章最后三段可知，體力運動較積極的人腦部的gray matter較多，可推斷gray matter的數量可顯示認知能力水平。]

　　3．Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “shrinking” in Para.9?

　　A．worrying.

　　B．weakening.

　　C．widening.

　　D．wandering.

　　答案　B　[詞義猜測題。根據文意可知，walking可防止腦部萎縮，功能退化，與答案B(weakening)最相近。]

　　4．What is TRUE about the research?

　　A．Men and women differ in the decline of cognition.

　　B．The research subjects were required to walk blocks per week.

　　C．The findings suggest the more walking，the better health.

　　D．There were about 200 women involved in the research.

　　答案　D　[正誤判斷題。從文中第四、五段可知，測試對象約300人，其中約2/3為女性。]

　　B

　　Israeli researchers say they have developed a substance that attracts and kills the mosquitoes infected with the malaria parasite(瘧原蟲)．However，the sweet－smelling substance is said to be harmless to people and animals，Scientists at Hebrew University in Jerusalem developed the sugary bait by combining fruit juice oils and boric acid(硼酸)．The fruit juice oils get the attention of the mosquitoes，and the boric acid kills the insects when they eat it.

　　The scientists took the sweet boric acid bait to the West African nation of Mali.They sprayed(噴灑) it on the plants near the man－made ponds which are home to “Anopheles Gambiae”，the mosquitoes that carry the most deadly form of malaria(瘧疾)．The researchers also placed a sweet－smelling spray on the grasses near other ponds.But it contained no boric acid.Both of the substances also contained a substance that would mark any mosquito that came in contact with the bait.In this way the scientists could count the mosquitoes that fed on it.

　　Yosef Schlein，an expert on the insects that affect human health，led the sweet bait research.He says thirty－eight days of results show the sweet boric acid bait proved very effective in killing mosquitoes.At the ponds treated only with sweet－smelling bait，Professor Schlein says，more than seventy－five percent of mosquitoes fed on the false bait.He says most people do not know that female mosquitoes feed on sweet plant nectar to survive.

　　The Israeli researchers now hope to develop a bait that is even more desirable to the malaria mosquitoes.

　　Boric acid is generally safe for human beings and other mammals.Professor Schlein says scientists might be able to develop a mosquito bait for enclosed spaces.Boric acid has been used to kill other insects，including cockroaches，termites and ants inside homes since the middle of last century.

　　【語篇解讀】 科學家們發現一種新的、對人類無害的、可以殺死瘧蚊的方法。

　　5．Which of the following is TRUE about the sweet－smelling substance?

　　A．It is said to be harmless to people but harmful to animals.

　　B．It attracts the mosquitoes but fails to kill them most of the time.

　　C．It is actually created by Professor Schlein.

　　D．It is a mixture of fruit juice oils and boric acid.

　　答案　D　[細節理解題。根據文章第一段可知答案為D。]

　　6．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

　　A．A sweet-smelling spray.

　　B．The fruit juice oil.

　　C．A sweet-smelling spray with boric acid.

　　D．The sweet boric acid bait.

　　答案　A　[詞義指代題。根據文章第二段中The researchers also placed a sweet-smelling spray on the grasses near other ponds.But it contained no boric acid可知答案為A。]

　　7．What do we know about Yosef Schlein?

　　A．He offered help to the researchers in the sweet bait research.

　　B．He is an expert on the substances that affect human health.

　　C．He thinks the sweet boric acid bait kills the malaria mosquitoes very effectively.

　　D．He thinks most people know female mosquitoes feed on sweet plant nectar to survive.

　　答案　C　[細節理解題。根據文章第三段可知答案為C。]

　　8．We can infer from the text that ________.

　　A．there will be fewer and fewer mosquitoes in Mali.

　　B．the new mosquito killer has been widely used in Africa.

　　C．malaria will become the most dangerous disease in the poorest areas of Africa.

　　D．the Israeli researchers want to develop a substance more attractive to the mosquitoes.

　　答案　D　[推理判斷題。根據文章倒數第二段The Israeli researchers now hope to develop a bait that is even more desirable to the malaria mosquitoes可知答案為D。]