B1U2

　　Ⅱ.重點句型詳解

　　1．While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.While walking the dog＝While you were walking the dog，。when, while, if, as if, though, as, where, unless等連詞(詞組)引導的狀語從句中，be，it時，be常常省略。

　　在日本時，我拍了許多漂亮的照片。

　　②While (I was) waiting, I read newspapers.

　　我邊等待，邊看報紙。

　　③If (it were) not for you, we would not go there.

　　要不是為你，我們就不會去那兒了。

　　④He looks as if (he were) drunk.他看上去像喝醉了。

　　⑤She went on working though (she was) exhausted.

　　盡管她精疲力竭，但仍繼續工作。

　　⑥Fill in the blanks with the given words; change the form where (it is) necessary.用所給詞填空，必要的地方改變形式。

　　⑦I won't go unless (I'm) invited.

　　除非被邀請，否則我不會去。

　　[即境活用1]　When first ______ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.

　　A．introducing B．introduced

　　C．introduce

　　Dbeing introduced

　　解析：將從句補全應為When these products were first introduced to the market，主從句主語一致且從句中有be，可以省略主語和be。

　　答案：B

　　2．...tell him/her that he/she should have studied...

　　/她本該學習……

　　should have done結構表示過去應該做某事而事實上沒有做；而shouldn't have done則表示過去本不該做某事而實際上卻做了，。You should have finished your homework yesterday.

　　你昨天就該做完作業。You shouldn't have told him about it.

　　你本來不應該告訴他這件事情。“情態動詞＋have＋done”結構：

　　(1)must have done對過去發生的事情的肯定推測。“一定……”。

　　(2)can't/couldn't have done對過去發生的事情的否定推測。“不可能……”。

　　(3)needn't have done過去沒有必要做卻做了。“本來沒必要做……”。

　　(4)ought (not) to have done＝should (not) have done

　　(5)might/may have done過去可能做了某事(可能性小)。“可能做了……”。

　　(6)could have done過去本可能做而未做。“本來能做……”。

　　(7)would have done愿意做某事卻不能做。“本來想要做……”。

　　[即境活用2]　Oh, I'm not feeling well in the stomach. I ______ so much fried chicken just now.

　　A．shouldn't eat

　　B．mustn't have eaten

　　C．shouldn't have eaten

　　D．mustn't eat

　　解析：由just now可知，本題談論過去之事。談論過去之事，在should或must之后接不定式的完成式。must表示推測只用于肯定句中，shouldn’t have done表說話之前不應該做某事，但事實上卻做了，含有責備的口氣。

　　答案：C

　　3．...it was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen the night face to face...

　　……這是我一年半以來第一次觀察夜晚……

　　It is/was the first time(that)．..這是一個固定句式，it可換成this或that; first可換成second, third等，以表達不同的意義。

　　①This is the fourth time she's rung you in a week.

　　這是她一周內第四次給你打電話。

　　②It was the second time that he had been out with her alone.這是他第二次單獨跟她外出。

　　③It will be the second time that I have got the prize.

　　那將是我第二次獲得該獎。

　　提示：(1)It is the first time that...后接現在完成時；It was the first time that...后接過去完成時；It will be the first time that...后接現在完成時。

　　(2)the first time可起從屬連詞作用，引導時間狀語從句。

　　The first time I saw her, my heart stopped.

　　我第一次見到她時，心臟都停止了跳動。

　　(3)for the first time意為“第一次”，單獨用做狀語。

　　He was cheated for the first time.

　　他第一次被騙了。

　　[即境活用3]　—Have you ever been here before?

　　—No. This is the first time that I ______ to the Great Wall.

　　A．comes

　　Bhave been

　　C．came

　　Dhad come

　　解析：This is the first time that...之后的從句需要用現在完成時態。

　　答案：B

　　4．Mother asked her if/whether she was very hot with so many clothes on.

　　“with＋n.＋形容詞/副詞/介詞短語/分詞/動詞不定式”這種結構在句中經常做狀語，、。，，。

　　②With his homework done, he went out to play.

　　完成作業，他就出去玩了。

　　③With the guide to lead us, we'll have no difficulty finding his house.

　　有導游帶路，我們將不費力地找到他家。

　　④He came in, with a book in his hand.

　　他手里拿著一本書走了進來。

　　⑤He is used to sleeping with the windows open.

　　他已經習慣了開著窗戶睡覺。

　　⑥He often sleeps with the light on.

　　他經常開著燈睡覺。

　　[即境活用4]　______ five minutes ______ before the last bus left, we arrived at the station.

　　A．There were; go

　　B．With; to go

　　C．It was; left

　　D．It had; left

　　解析：本題考查with的復合結構，即“with＋賓語＋賓語補足語”。本題用不定式做賓補表示將來的動作。句意：在最后一班公交車離開的前五分鐘，我們到了車站。

　　答案：B

　　B1U2

　　Ⅱ.重點句型詳解

　　1．Native English speakers can understand each other even

　　if they don't speak the same kind of English. 句中 even if 相當于 even though, 意為即使；盡管，。even if/though 。

　　Even if you don't like flowers, you shouldn't miss the flower exhibition.即使你不喜歡花，。We have decided to visit the museum even if it rains tomorrow.我們決定明天去參觀博物館，。

　　(2)as也可以引導讓步狀語從句，但要把其表語、謂語或賓語前置，且前置的單數名詞不可以加冠詞。

　　①Even though you achieve great success in your work, you should not be conceited.

　　即使你們在工作中取得了巨大的成績，也不應該自滿。

　　②Whatever you do, do it well.

　　不管你做什么，把它做好。

　　③However hot it is, he won't take off his hat.

　　不管多熱，他都不摘下帽子。

　　④Girl as she is, she can go alone in the darkness.

　　盡管她是個女孩，她敢一個人走夜路。

　　[即境活用1]　(2007·浙江)Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, ______they knew it to be valuable.

　　A．as if　B．now that

　　C．even though

　　D．so that

　　解析：even though＝even if “即使”，引導讓步狀語從句。

　　答案：C

　　2．Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English. 信不信由你，(世界上)沒有什么標準英語。

　　(1)believe it or not 信不信由你。常在句中做插入語。

　　(2)no such thing 沒有這樣的事情。such與 all, no, some, any, few, little, many, much, several, one 等詞連用時，應位于它們的后面。

　　①Believe it or not, he refused to accept our offer.

　　信不信由你，他拒絕接受我們的幫助。

　　②There is no such street in the city.

　　這城市沒有那樣的街道。

　　③He said he didn't have time or made some such excuse.

　　他說他沒有時間或別的諸如此類的借口。

　　[即境活用2]　(2009·安徽)I’m amazed to hear from my school teacher again. ______， it is ten years since we met last.

　　A．In a word

　　B．What’s more

　　C．That’s to say

　　D．Believe it or not

　　解析：句意：想不到又一次收到學校老師的來信，信不信由你，我們上次見面還是在十年前。in a word總之；what’s more而且；that’s to say也就是說；believe it or not信不信由你。

　　答案：D

　　3. with的復合結構

　　[應用3]　(1)—Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.

　　—Sorry. With so much work ______ my mind, I almost break down.

　　A．filled

　　B．filling

　　C．to fill

　　D．being filled

　　解析：with復合結構中，work和fill是主動關系，且表示正在進行，因此其后要用doing結構。

　　答案：B

　　(2)John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ______， he gladly accepted it.

　　A．finished

　　B．finishing

　　C．having finished

　　D．was finished

　　解析：根據work和finish是被動關系，可以判斷出答案。

　　答案：A

　　(3)______ two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.

　　A．With

　　B．Besides

　　C．As for

　　D．Because of

　　解析：根據句意，此處應采用“with＋賓語＋不定式”。

　　答案：A

　　(4)It was cold outside, the boy ran into the room ______ his nose red.

　　A．to

　　B．on

　　C．in

　　D．with

　　解析：這個句子考查with的復合結構的用法，用“with＋名詞＋形容詞”做狀語表示伴隨情況。而to、on、in作為介詞則沒有這種用法，故排除A、B、C，答案為D。句意是：外面天氣很冷，那個男孩跑進了屋子時，鼻子紅紅的。

　　答案：D

　　B1U2

　　Ⅱ.重點句型詳解

　　1．While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.While walking the dog＝While you were walking the dog，。when, while, if, as if, though, as, where, unless等連詞(詞組)引導的狀語從句中，be，it時，be常常省略。

　　在日本時，我拍了許多漂亮的照片。

　　②While (I was) waiting, I read newspapers.

　　我邊等待，邊看報紙。

　　③If (it were) not for you, we would not go there.

　　要不是為你，我們就不會去那兒了。

　　④He looks as if (he were) drunk.他看上去像喝醉了。

　　⑤She went on working though (she was) exhausted.

　　盡管她精疲力竭，但仍繼續工作。

　　⑥Fill in the blanks with the given words; change the form where (it is) necessary.用所給詞填空，必要的地方改變形式。

　　⑦I won't go unless (I'm) invited.

　　除非被邀請，否則我不會去。

　　[即境活用1]　When first ______ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.

　　A．introducing B．introduced

　　C．introduce

　　Dbeing introduced

　　解析：將從句補全應為When these products were first introduced to the market，主從句主語一致且從句中有be，可以省略主語和be。

　　答案：B

　　2．...tell him/her that he/she should have studied...

　　/她本該學習……

　　should have done結構表示過去應該做某事而事實上沒有做；而shouldn't have done則表示過去本不該做某事而實際上卻做了，。You should have finished your homework yesterday.

　　你昨天就該做完作業。You shouldn't have told him about it.

　　你本來不應該告訴他這件事情。“情態動詞＋have＋done”結構：

　　(1)must have done對過去發生的事情的肯定推測。“一定……”。

　　(2)can't/couldn't have done對過去發生的事情的否定推測。“不可能……”。

　　(3)needn't have done過去沒有必要做卻做了。“本來沒必要做……”。

　　(4)ought (not) to have done＝should (not) have done

　　(5)might/may have done過去可能做了某事(可能性小)。“可能做了……”。

　　(6)could have done過去本可能做而未做。“本來能做……”。

　　(7)would have done愿意做某事卻不能做。“本來想要做……”。

　　[即境活用2]　Oh, I'm not feeling well in the stomach. I ______ so much fried chicken just now.

　　A．shouldn't eat

　　B．mustn't have eaten

　　C．shouldn't have eaten

　　D．mustn't eat

　　解析：由just now可知，本題談論過去之事。談論過去之事，在should或must之后接不定式的完成式。must表示推測只用于肯定句中，shouldn’t have done表說話之前不應該做某事，但事實上卻做了，含有責備的口氣。

　　答案：C

　　3．...it was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen the night face to face...

　　……這是我一年半以來第一次觀察夜晚……

　　It is/was the first time(that)．..這是一個固定句式，it可換成this或that; first可換成second, third等，以表達不同的意義。

　　①This is the fourth time she's rung you in a week.

　　這是她一周內第四次給你打電話。

　　②It was the second time that he had been out with her alone.這是他第二次單獨跟她外出。

　　③It will be the second time that I have got the prize.

　　那將是我第二次獲得該獎。

　　提示：(1)It is the first time that...后接現在完成時；It was the first time that...后接過去完成時；It will be the first time that...后接現在完成時。

　　(2)the first time可起從屬連詞作用，引導時間狀語從句。

　　The first time I saw her, my heart stopped.

　　我第一次見到她時，心臟都停止了跳動。

　　(3)for the first time意為“第一次”，單獨用做狀語。

　　He was cheated for the first time.

　　他第一次被騙了。

　　[即境活用3]　—Have you ever been here before?

　　—No. This is the first time that I ______ to the Great Wall.

　　A．comes

　　Bhave been

　　C．came

　　Dhad come

　　解析：This is the first time that...之后的從句需要用現在完成時態。

　　答案：B

　　4．Mother asked her if/whether she was very hot with so many clothes on.

　　“with＋n.＋形容詞/副詞/介詞短語/分詞/動詞不定式”這種結構在句中經常做狀語，、。，，。

　　②With his homework done, he went out to play.

　　完成作業，他就出去玩了。

　　③With the guide to lead us, we'll have no difficulty finding his house.

　　有導游帶路，我們將不費力地找到他家。

　　④He came in, with a book in his hand.

　　他手里拿著一本書走了進來。

　　⑤He is used to sleeping with the windows open.

　　他已經習慣了開著窗戶睡覺。

　　⑥He often sleeps with the light on.

　　他經常開著燈睡覺。

　　[即境活用4]　______ five minutes ______ before the last bus left, we arrived at the station.

　　A．There were; go

　　B．With; to go

　　C．It was; left

　　D．It had; left

　　解析：本題考查with的復合結構，即“with＋賓語＋賓語補足語”。本題用不定式做賓補表示將來的動作。句意：在最后一班公交車離開的前五分鐘，我們到了車站。

　　答案：B

　　B1U2

　　Ⅱ.重點句型詳解

　　1．Native English speakers can understand each other even

　　if they don't speak the same kind of English. 句中 even if 相當于 even though, 意為即使；盡管，。even if/though 。

　　Even if you don't like flowers, you shouldn't miss the flower exhibition.即使你不喜歡花，。We have decided to visit the museum even if it rains tomorrow.我們決定明天去參觀博物館，。

　　(2)as也可以引導讓步狀語從句，但要把其表語、謂語或賓語前置，且前置的單數名詞不可以加冠詞。

　　①Even though you achieve great success in your work, you should not be conceited.

　　即使你們在工作中取得了巨大的成績，也不應該自滿。

　　②Whatever you do, do it well.

　　不管你做什么，把它做好。

　　③However hot it is, he won't take off his hat.

　　不管多熱，他都不摘下帽子。

　　④Girl as she is, she can go alone in the darkness.

　　盡管她是個女孩，她敢一個人走夜路。

　　[即境活用1]　(2007·浙江)Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, ______they knew it to be valuable.

　　A．as if　B．now that

　　C．even though

　　D．so that

　　解析：even though＝even if “即使”，引導讓步狀語從句。

　　答案：C

　　2．Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English. 信不信由你，(世界上)沒有什么標準英語。

　　(1)believe it or not 信不信由你。常在句中做插入語。

　　(2)no such thing 沒有這樣的事情。such與 all, no, some, any, few, little, many, much, several, one 等詞連用時，應位于它們的后面。

　　①Believe it or not, he refused to accept our offer.

　　信不信由你，他拒絕接受我們的幫助。

　　②There is no such street in the city.

　　這城市沒有那樣的街道。

　　③He said he didn't have time or made some such excuse.

　　他說他沒有時間或別的諸如此類的借口。

　　[即境活用2]　(2009·安徽)I’m amazed to hear from my school teacher again. ______， it is ten years since we met last.

　　A．In a word

　　B．What’s more

　　C．That’s to say

　　D．Believe it or not

　　解析：句意：想不到又一次收到學校老師的來信，信不信由你，我們上次見面還是在十年前。in a word總之；what’s more而且；that’s to say也就是說；believe it or not信不信由你。

　　答案：D

　　3. with的復合結構

　　[應用3]　(1)—Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.

　　—Sorry. With so much work ______ my mind, I almost break down.

　　A．filled

　　B．filling

　　C．to fill

　　D．being filled

　　解析：with復合結構中，work和fill是主動關系，且表示正在進行，因此其后要用doing結構。

　　答案：B

　　(2)John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ______， he gladly accepted it.

　　A．finished

　　B．finishing

　　C．having finished

　　D．was finished

　　解析：根據work和finish是被動關系，可以判斷出答案。

　　答案：A

　　(3)______ two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.

　　A．With

　　B．Besides

　　C．As for

　　D．Because of

　　解析：根據句意，此處應采用“with＋賓語＋不定式”。

　　答案：A

　　(4)It was cold outside, the boy ran into the room ______ his nose red.

　　A．to

　　B．on

　　C．in

　　D．with

　　解析：這個句子考查with的復合結構的用法，用“with＋名詞＋形容詞”做狀語表示伴隨情況。而to、on、in作為介詞則沒有這種用法，故排除A、B、C，答案為D。句意是：外面天氣很冷，那個男孩跑進了屋子時，鼻子紅紅的。

　　答案：D