北師大版必修四Unit 10

　　A卷

　　Ⅰ.單項填空

　　1．He was disappointed at the sight he saw in the famous place of interest, ________ never to come back again.

　　A．determining　B．was determined

　　C．to determine

　　D．determined

　　解析：考查非謂語動詞。句意：他對在這個著名景點看到的景色很失望，決定再也不回來了。首先排除B項謂語動詞形式，此處需要用非謂語形式。C項在此表目的不合句意。A項表決定的動作，D項是be determined to do sth.的省略。

　　答案：D

　　2．Yesterday I bought an MP4 for only 20 yuan in a secondhand market; it was a real ________.

　　A．exchange

　　B．bargain

　　C．trade

　　D．business

　　解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：昨天我在二手市場花20元買了一個MP4，真便宜。It was a real bargain.常用于口語中，意為“真便宜”。exchange“交換”；trade“貿(mào)易，交易”；business“生意”。

　　答案：B

　　3．(2024·南平統(tǒng)考)The speech the minister made on TV ________ the education reform made both teachers and students excited.

　　A．being concerned

　　B．to concern

　　C．concerned

　　D．concerning

　　解析：句意：部長發(fā)表的關(guān)于教育改革的電視講話使得師生們都很興奮。concerning prep.“關(guān)于(某人/某事)”；concerned“擔(dān)心的，煩惱的，憂慮的”。

　　答案：D

　　4．Scientists spend so much time trying to achieve something because they are ________ about new things and new ideas.

　　A．a(chǎn)ggressive

　　B．enthusiastic

　　C．a(chǎn)ware

　　D．a(chǎn)nnoyed

　　解析：aggressive“好斗的”；enthusiastic“熱心的”；aware“知道的，明白的”； annoyed“苦惱的”。句意：科學(xué)家花費大量時間想有所作為，因為他們熱衷于新事物和新思想。be enthusiastic about“對……熱心”，符合句意。

　　答案：B

　　5．(2024·開封一模)Teachers should ________ students as much as possible so that students

　　will be better involved with the class discussion.

　　A．concern

　　B．motivate

　　C．a(chǎn)ppeal

　　D．drive

　　解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：教師應(yīng)當(dāng)盡可能地去激勵學(xué)生，這樣學(xué)生才能更好地參與班級討論。concern“涉及，使憂慮”；motivate“激發(fā)，激勵”；appeal“呼吁，上訴”；drive“迫使”。由語境可知選項B正確。

　　答案：B

　　6．The urgent report was completed in less than one day — six hours, ________.

　　A．a(chǎn)pproximately

　　B．to be frank

　　C．for a start

　　D．to be more exact

　　解析：考查插入語。approximately“大約”；to be frank“坦率地說”；for a start“首先，開始”；to be more exact“更確切地說”。句意：這篇緊急報告在不到一天的時間里，更確切地說，只花了六個小時就完成了。

　　答案：D

　　7．He lost his ________ while ________ basketball, hurting his left foot.

　　A．balance; playing

　　B．balance; play

　　C．balances; playing

　　D．balances; play

　　解析：句意：打球時他失去平衡，傷了左腳。balance n．“平衡”，不可數(shù)；while playing ... 是“連詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，作時間狀語，相當(dāng)于while he was playing ...。

　　答案：A

　　8．Although Jane agrees with me on most points, there was one on which she was unwilling to ________.

　　A．give out

　　B．give in

　　C．give away

　　D．give off

　　解析：句意：盡管Jane同意我的大多數(shù)觀點，但有一點她不愿意讓步。give in“讓步，屈服，上交”；give away“分發(fā)，贈送，泄漏”；give off“發(fā)出(光、熱、聲音、氣味等)”；give out“分發(fā)，用完，垮掉，出故障，發(fā)表，公布，發(fā)出(熱、聲音、信號等)”。根據(jù)語境可知，B項合適。

　　答案：B

　　9．In a supermarket, you can have a close look at any product you like, but you need to ________ it ________later.

　　A．put; off

　　B．put; down

　　C．put; back

　　D．put; on

　　解析：句意：在超市你可以仔細看你所喜歡的商品，但是過后你應(yīng)將它放回原處。put ... off“推遲”； put ... down“寫下，記下”；put ... back“將……放回”；put ... on“將……穿上”。選項C正確。

　　答案：C

　　10．(2024·安慶質(zhì)檢)Attendances at football matches have ________ since the coming of television.

　　A．dropped in

　　B．dropped back

　　C．dropped off

　　D．dropped out

　　解析：句意：自從電視產(chǎn)生以來，到現(xiàn)場觀看足球賽已經(jīng)減少了。drop off“打盹；減少”，符合題意。

　　答案：C

　　11．I find these problems are easy ________.

　　A．to be worked outB．to work them out

　　C．to work out

　　D．to be worked them out

　　解析：考查sth.＋be＋adj.＋to do句型。在這一句型中，不定式通常用主動形式表被動。

　　答案：C

　　12．I made so many changes in my composition that only I could read it.

　　To ________ else, it was hard to make out.

　　A．none

　　B．everyone

　　C．someone

　　D．a(chǎn)nyone

　　解析：由句意可知，該空格處應(yīng)指“除我之外的任何一個人”。表示“任何一個人”用anyone。

　　答案：D

　　13．Some of you may have finished Unit One.________， you can go on to Unit Two.

　　A．If you may

　　B．If you do

　　C．If not

　　D．If so

　　解析：考查省略。句意：你們中的一些人也許已經(jīng)完成了第一單元，如果這樣的話，可以繼續(xù)第二單元。If so是省略形式。假如選擇B項，應(yīng)改為If you have。

　　答案：D

　　14．My most famous relative of all，________who really left his mark on America, was Reb Sussel, my great-grandfather.

　　A．one

　　B．the one

　　C．he

　　D．someone

　　解析：考查代詞的用法。由句子結(jié)構(gòu)知，此處缺少“my most famous relative”的同位語成分，用來表示特指，故A、D兩項可排除。the one可以用來表示特指，指代前面出現(xiàn)過的人；C項雖可作同位語，但前句未提示“relative”的性別；故B項為最佳答案。

　　答案：B

　　15．Because Henry and Mark had to work, ________ of them came yesterday.

　　A．both

　　B．none

　　C．neither

　　D．either

　　解析：句意：因為Henry 和Mark要工作，所以昨天兩人都沒來。“兩者都不……”用neither；“兩者都……”用both；“三者(以上)都不……”用none; “兩者之一……”用either。

　　答案：C

　　.閱讀理解

　　A

　　(2024·莆田質(zhì)量檢測)Economists across the world are expressing concern about rising food prices. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization recently released its Food Price Index.

　　The list showed that a number of foods cost more than during the world food crisis of 2008. The index is at its highest level since it began in 1990.

　　The FAO predicts that world market prices for rice，wheat, barley(大麥), sugar and meat will stay high or continue rising. One reason for this is the threat of shortages caused by bad weather.

　　Current and recent weather disasters have harmed agriculture and affected prices in several parts of the world. For example, the current flooding in Australia has done great damage to crops in the usually fertile Queensland area.Chickpea, wheat, sorghum (高粱) and corn are among the crops affected. Floods have also harmed other vegetables and fruits. The effects on prices from floods last year in Pakistan and China are still being felt.

　　Last week, Russia extended an earlier ban on wheat exports. Russia acted after heat, drought and wildfires destroyed about a third of its wheat crop last summer.

　　The ban was placed to make sure Russians have enough wheat. The first ban caused worldwide wheat prices climb to last year by almost 50 percent.

　　In Algeria, the government has reduced taxes after food riots (暴亂) late last year and earlier this month.Among the causes of the riots were price increases for cooking oil and sugar.Several people died in the riots, and hundreds of others were injured. Food prices are also part of economic problems to blame for the deadly riots in Tunisia. Shenggen Fan heads the International Food Policy Research Institute from its Washington DC office. Mr. Fan says countries must invest in making their farmers more productive. He says the world will need to feed more hungry people with less available land, water and other resources.

　　語篇解讀：全球經(jīng)濟學(xué)家對糧食價格飛漲表示了擔(dān)憂，文章分析了糧價上漲的原因和產(chǎn)生的后果，并援引了專家的建議。

　　1．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage ?

　　A．The FAO can affect the rising food prices across the world.

　　B．Both Australia and Russia are countries growing wheat.

　　C．Bad weather has no effect on developing countries' food prices.

　　D．Russia will increase wheat exports to meet the world market.

　　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一、二段信息可知FAO不能左右世界糧價，因此A項錯誤；根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知惡劣天氣也影響到了發(fā)展中國家的糧價，因此C項錯誤；根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知俄羅斯減少糧食出口以保證國內(nèi)足夠的糧食，因此D項也錯誤。根據(jù)第二、三段內(nèi)容可知澳大利亞和俄羅斯都是種植小麥的國家，故B項正確。

　　答案：B

　　2．From Paragraph 4, we can infer that ________.

　　A．Mr. Fan is in charge of the FAO in Washington DC office

　　B．countries must invest in making their farmers more productiveC．food prices can make some countries fall into confusion

　　D．the limited resources can't provide enough food for more hungry people

　　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)Shenggen Fan heads the International Food Policy Research Institute from its Washington DC office.可知A為錯誤推斷；B為直接信息，不屬于推論；根據(jù)該段最后兩句話可知，D為錯誤推斷。根據(jù)最后一段第二、三、四句可推知糧價會使一些國家陷入混亂局面。

　　答案：C

　　3．The passage is mainly developed by ________.

　　A．a(chǎn)nalyzing causes

　　B．making comparisons

　　C．following the time order

　　D．examining differences

　　解析：文章結(jié)構(gòu)題。文章第一段指出食品價格指數(shù)達到歷史最高值，接下來分析了導(dǎo)致糧價上漲的原因，因此選擇A。

　　答案：A

　　4．Which is the best title for the passage?

　　A. World Food Prices Expected to Stay High or Keep Rising

　　B．Current and Recent Weather Disasters in the World

　　C．The Agriculture in Developed Countries

　　D．The

　　Prediction about the Food Market in Developing Countries

　　解析：標題概括題。根據(jù)第一段和全文內(nèi)容可知A項作為文章標題比較合適。B項角度太小，C、D項不能概括全文內(nèi)容。

　　答案：A

　　B

　　(2024·福州五校模擬)You're lost in the world of dreams and sleep. You roll

　　over, smiling as you come across a swimming pool filled with chocolate. And then, your wonderful dream becomes a nightmare (噩夢) when someone is screaming, “Get up！” It's just what every teenager goes through each morning!

　　Now, there seems to be one school that finally understands that requiring teens to show up at 9 am is not just cruel but also harmful to both the kids and the school.

　　Monkseaton High School in North Tyneside, Britain, recently decided to experiment to see if there is any difference in student behavior if they just pushed back the start of their day by one hour, from 9 am to 10 am. And the results are surprising.

　　Since carrying out the later start, Monkseaton has seen a 28% drop in truancy,_even hardly any lateness, and best of all, higher test scores. One of the reasons is that the teenagers are much happier to have the extra hour of sleep, but there is also a scientific reason behind why they need the extra sleep.

　　The school's decision to push back the time was based on the research done by Oxford Professor Russell Foster, who pointed out that teenagers and adults have different sleep cycles，explaining why teenagers go to bed late and wake up late.

　　While adults are wide awake and ready at 8 am, teenagers are not fully awake until 10 am, sometimes even noon. Teachers may argue that their students perform better in the morning, but in fact, it is because they are in the zone while their students are still sleepy, making the students easier to control.Memory tests prove that the more difficult classes should be in the afternoon when teenagers are most wide awake.

　　The Monkseaton school officials are encouraged by the results and plan on voting to make it a permanent change.

　　語篇解讀：本文介紹英國一所學(xué)校大膽推遲早上學(xué)生的到校時間，結(jié)果學(xué)生遲到、曠課現(xiàn)象減少，成績明顯提高。學(xué)校準備投票決定是否永久將這項舉措保持下去。

　　5．What's the meaning of the underlined word “truancy”？

　　A．grades

　　B．classes

　　C．a(chǎn)bsence

　　D．practice

　　解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章可知，自實行了這項措施后，在truancy方面下降了28%，甚至幾乎沒有人遲到。這里講的是實行這項措施的好處，結(jié)合四個選項，可知選C。

　　答案：C

　　6．What can we learn from the passage?

　　A．Teenagers and adults have the same sleep cycle.

　　B．Teenagers are fully awake at 10 am as a whole.

　　C．Teenagers are much happier to sleep than study.

　　D．Teenagers need the extra sleep also for a scientific reason.

　　解析：推理判斷題。依據(jù)第五段可知學(xué)校推遲學(xué)生到校時間是有科學(xué)依據(jù)的，學(xué)生在早上需要更多的睡眠時間。

　　答案：D

　　7．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

　　A．Monkseaton High School is satisfied with the result of the experiment.

　　B．It is very cruel for the teenagers to show up in class at 9 am every day.

　　C．Monkseaton High School plans to change the school time forever.

　　D．In fact, teenagers perform better in the morning than in the afternoon.

　　解析：正誤判斷題。依據(jù)第六段最后一句推斷學(xué)生下午狀態(tài)更佳。學(xué)生在上午更易管理(貌似專心聽講)，是因為他們在此時還沒有完全清醒。