精 講 點 撥 條分縷析

　　整合講練 話 題 誦 讀

　　1 考 題 對 接

　　2 基 礎 回 顧 3 課后強化作業(yè)

　　5 精 講 點 撥

　　4 話 題 誦 讀 早讀一刻

　　情感體驗 考 題 對 接 真題鏈接

　　體會考點 基 礎 回 顧

　　穩(wěn)扎穩(wěn)打

　　網絡構建

　　必 修 1

　　Units 3～Unit 5

　　Nelson Mandela—a modern hero

　　Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela was born in Transkei, South Africa on July 18, 1918. He was educated at UniversityCollege

　　of Fort Hare and the University of Witwatersrand and qualified in law in 1942. He joined the African National Congress in 1944 and was engaged in resistance against the ruling National Party's apartheid(種族隔離)policies after 1948. He went on trial for treason(判國罪)in 1956—1961 and was acquitted(無罪釋放)in 1961.

　　During his years in prison, Nelson Mandela's reputation grew steadily. He was widely accepted as the most significant black leader in South Africa. He consistently refused to compromise his political position to obtain his freedom.

　　Nelson Mandela was released on February 18, 1990. After his release, he plunged himself wholeheartedly into his life's work, striving to attain the goals he and others had set out almost four decades earlier. In 1991, at the first national conference of the ANC held inside South Africa after the organization had been banned in 1960, Mandela was elected President of the ANC. Nelson Mandela accepted the 1993 Nobel Peace Prize on behalf of all South Africans who suffered and sacrificed so much to bring peace to our land.

　　1．[教材原句]He strongly believed in the three principles.(U5P33)

　　[真題呈現](2011·浙江，18)Anyway, I can't cheat him—it's against all my ________.

　　A．emotions 　B．principles

　　C．regulations

　　D．opinions

　　[考題巧解]

　　解析：本題考查名詞辨析。句意：無論如何我都不能欺騙他——這違背我做人的原則。principle常用復數形式，意為：(行為的)準則、規(guī)范。如：principles of conduct行為的準則。emotion“情感，情緒”；regulation“規(guī)章，規(guī)則”；opinion“意義，看法，主張”。

　　答案：B

　　2．[教材原句]He was the first man to_land on the moon...(U5P33)

　　[真題呈現](2010·陜西，9)His first book________next month is based on a true story.

　　A．published

　　B．to be published

　　C．to publish

　　D．being published

　　[考題巧解]

　　解析：　__________next month 是后置定語，修飾名詞his first book, his first book 與publish是被動關系，且時間是在下個月，故要用不定式的被動形式to be published。

　　答案：B

　　3．[教材原句]．..making black and white people equal.(U5P34)

　　[真題呈現](2010·全國，13)The island is________attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.

　　A．partly

　　B．merely

　　C．nearly

　　D．equally

　　[考題巧解]

　　解析：考查句意及副詞的詞義辨析。句意：這個島嶼春季和秋季同樣吸引人，因為這兩個季節(jié)宜人的天氣。partly“從某種程度上說”；merely“僅僅，只是”；nearly“幾乎”；equally“平等地，相等地，等同地”。

　　答案：D

　　Ⅰ.單詞速記

　　1．n. 質量；品質；性質________→n. 數量________→adj. 合格的________→n. 資格________

　　2．adj. 積極的；活躍的________→adv. 積極地；活躍地________

　　3．adj. 慷慨的；大方的________→n.________→(反義詞)________

　　4．vt.(與to連用)獻身；專心于________→n. 獻身；關愛；專心________→adj. 熱愛的________

　　5．vt. 建立；建設________→(過去式)________→(過去分詞)________

　　6．n. 法則；原則；原理________

　　7．vt. 進攻；攻擊；抨擊________→n. 進攻者；攻擊者______

　　8．n. 暴力；暴行________→adj. 暴力的________

　　9．adj. 相等的；平等的________→adv. 相等地；平等地________→n. 平等；等同________

　　10．adj. 樂意的；自愿的________→n. 意志；意愿________→(反義詞)adj. 不樂意的________

　　11．adj. 不公正的；不公平的________→(反義詞)adj. 公正的；公平的________→n. 公平；公正________

　　12．vi. 逃脫；逃走；泄露________

　　13．adj. 受過教育的；有教養(yǎng)的________→v. 教育；訓練________→n. 教育________

　　14．n. 殘忍；殘酷________→adj. 殘忍的________

　　15．n. 報酬；獎金 vt.酬勞；獎賞________

　　16．n. 意見；看法；主張________

　　17．n. 恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖時期；恐怖活動________→n. 恐怖主義________→n. 恐怖分子________

　　答案：1.quality; quantity; qualified; qualification　2.active；actively　3.generous; generosity; mean　4.devote; devotion；devoted　5.found; founded; founded　6.principle　7.attack；attacker　8.violence; violent　9.equal; equally; equality10．willing; will; unwilling/reluctant　11.unfair; fair; fairness12．escape　13.educated; educate; education　14.cruelty; cruel　15.reward　16.opinion　17.terror; terrorism; terrorist

　　Ⅱ.短語突破

　　1．________________失業(yè)

　　2．________________

　　事實上

　　3．________________

　　使充氣；爆炸

　　4．________________

　　在危險、受罰、痛苦、憂慮等的處境中

　　5．________________

　　求助于；致力于

　　6．________________

　　喪失勇氣或信心

　　7．________________

　　當權；上臺

　　8．________________

　　設立；建立

　　9．________________

　　被判處……(徒刑)

　　10．________________

　　愿意干某事

　　答案：1.out of work　2.as a matter of fact　3.blow up　4.in trouble　5.turn to　6.lose heart　7.come to power　8.set up9．be sentenced to　10.be willing to do

　　Ⅲ.句型總結

　　1．The last thirty years________ ________the greatest number of laws________our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage________we have almost no rights at all.

　　過去30年來所出現的大量法律剝奪了我們的權利，阻擋了我們的進步，一直到今天，我們還在幾乎什么權利都沒有的階段。

　　2．...________ ________ ________we decide to answer violence with violence.

　　……只有到這個時候，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。

　　3．I felt bad________ ________ ________I talked to a group.

　　我第一次向(參觀)小組談論(羅本島監(jiān)獄的情況)時，心里覺得很不好受。

　　答案：1.have seen; stopping; where　2.only then did　3.the first time

　　Ⅳ.教材設題

　　1．He was generous with his time，________I was grateful.

　　A．for which

　　B．for whom

　　C．to which

　　D．to whom

　　答案：A

　　2．He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we________.

　　A．should have been asleep

　　B．might have been asleep

　　C．should be asleep

　　D．might be asleep

　　答案：A

　　3．Since I was better educated, I got a job________in an office.

　　A．worked

　　B．working

　　C．to work

　　D．having worked

　　答案：B

　　1．devote vt. 獻身；專心于

　　She devotes all her spare time to doing what she really enjoys.

　　她將所有的業(yè)余時間都用在做她真正喜歡的事情上。

　　The ecologist devoted himself to his research work.

　　這位生態(tài)學家全力傾注于他的研究工作。

　　[歸納拓展]

　　(1)devote...to... 把……奉獻給；把……專用于

　　devote oneself to

　　致力于；獻身于

　　be devoted to 專心于；致力于

　　(2)devoted adj. 深愛的；忠誠的

　　devotion n. 關愛；關照；奉獻；忠誠

　　①He is a devoted friend of mine, a man I can always depend on.

　　他是我的摯友，一個我一直可以依靠的人。

　　Her devotion_to her career left her with little time to take care of her family.

　　她全身心投入工作，幾乎沒有時間來照顧家人。

　　點撥：在短語devote...to中to為介詞，其后接名詞或動名詞，類似短語還包括：

　　look forward to 期盼；

　　get down to開始著手做；

　　be/get used to 習慣于；

　　be/get accustomed to 習慣于；

　　lead to 導致；

　　pay attention to 注意；

　　object to 反應。

　　[運用提升]

　　The time he has devoted in the past 10 years________the disabled is now considered________of great value.

　　A．to help; beingB．to helping; to be

　　C．to help; to be

　　D．helping; being

　　答案：B　句意：他在過去的十年中用在幫助殘疾人身上的時間現在被認為很有價值。前一部分考查devote one's time to doing sth.的用法；后一部分中consider后面接不定式作主語補足語。

　　2．equal adj. 相等的；勝任的　v. 等于；抵得上　n. 同等的人；相等物

　　China's effort to preserve the ozone layer(臭氧層)is_equal_to half of the total efforts made by developing countries.

　　中國對保護臭氧層的努力相當于發(fā)展中國家所做出努力的總和的一半。

　　②None of us can equal her, either in beauty or as a dancer.

　　不管是容貌還是舞藝我們都比不上她。

　　She did not feel equal to receiving visitors.

　　她覺得自己不適合接待來客。

　　[歸納拓展]

　　(1)A equals B in... A在……方面比得上B

　　be equal to＋n./doing sth. 等于；與……相等；勝任

　　be without equal/have no equal 無與倫比；無敵

　　(2)equality n. 相等；平等

　　equally adv. 相等地；平等地

　　Experience is equally as valuable as theory.

　　經驗與理論有同樣的價值。

　　[運用提升]

　　I do not feel equal to________her the truth.

　　A．tell

　　B．told

　　C．telling

　　D．being told

　　答案：C　考查be/feel equal to的用法。句意：我覺得自己沒有勇氣告訴她真相。be/feel equal to doing sth. 意為“有……的能力/勇氣，能勝任……”。

　　3．reward n. & v．報答；報酬；獎賞

　　①In the competitive situation, most employers will still reward people according to their ability and performance.

　　在競爭形勢下，多數雇主將依然根據人們的能力與表現進行獎勵。

　　②They rewarded the boy with ￡5 for bringing back the lost dog.

　　他們給了那男孩五英鎊，酬謝他把走失的狗送回來。

　　③I don't expect anything in_reward;_I did it because I enjoyed it.

　　我不指望得到什么報答，我做這件事只是因為我喜歡干。

　　[歸納拓展]

　　(1)reward sb. with...for sth. 為某事而以……報答某人

　　(2)as a reward for 作為(對某事的)報酬/獎賞

　　give/offer a reward to sb. for sth. 為某事而給某人報酬

　　in reward of 為酬謝……；作為對……的獎勵

　　in reward＝in return 作為回報/報答

　　辨析：reward, award

　　(1)reward n. 報酬、獎金或一些非金錢的報酬；vt. 給予報酬，指因對方的工作、服務、幫助而給予的報酬或獎賞。

　　常用句型：reward sb. for(doing)sth. 因……而報答/獎勵某人

　　(2)award n. 獎品，獎金，與prize相似；vt. 授予，頒發(fā)。

　　常用句型：award sb. sth.＝award sth. to sb.

　　Obama was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2009.

　　在2009年奧巴馬被授予諾貝爾和平獎。

　　[運用提升]

　　You would be offered a(n)________of 5,000 for the arrest of the murderer, according to the news on TV last night.

　　A．prize

　　B．award

　　C．reward

　　D．result

　　答案：C　句意：你將因為逮捕了兇殺犯而得到5000美元的獎賞……。reward“酬金，賞金”；prize“獎品，獎勵”，與award近似，都因成就突出而受獎；result “結果”。

　　4．escape v. & n. 逃脫；逃生；泄露

　　It was a prison from which no one escaped.

　　那是個無人逃走過的監(jiān)獄。

　　[歸納拓展]

　　(1)escape(doing)sth. 逃避(做)某事

　　escape from 從……逃脫；逃避

　　escape one's attention/notice 逃過某人的注意

　　(2)fire escape 太平梯，安全梯；安全出口

　　a narrow escape 九死一生

　　①A prisoner escaped_from prison this morning.

　　有一個囚犯今天早晨越獄逃跑了。

　　②Whoever breaks the law won't escape_punishment/being_punished!

　　無論是誰違犯法律都將避免不了懲罰。

　　③Last year I had a_narrow_escape,_and I don't want to risk my life a second time.

　　去年我死里逃生，因此我不想再去冒生命危險了。

　　[運用提升]

　　Mike often attempts to escape________whenever he breaks traffic regulations.

　　A. having been fined

　　B. to have been fined

　　C. to be fined

　　D. being fined

　　答案：D

　　5．turn to 求助于；致力于

　　Nobody seems to understand. I don't know who to turn_to.

　　似乎沒人理解。我不知道該向誰求助。

　　[歸納拓展]

　　(1)turn one's back to 背對；背棄；不理睬

　　turn back 折回；掉轉頭

　　turn down 調小；拒絕

　　turn into 變成

　　turn off 關閉(開關等)

　　turn over 打翻，翻身；移交

　　turn up 調大；出現

　　turn out 證明是；結果是

　　(2)in turn 依次；反過來

　　by turns 依次；輪流

　　①It turned_out to be sunny that morning.

　　結果那天早上是個晴天。

　　②The workers will go on strike if the demands they put forward are turned_down.

　　如果他們提出的要求遭到拒絕，工人們將繼續(xù)罷工。

　　點撥：turn to sb. 可以表示為“向某人求助”，也可以表示“(把臉)轉向(某人)”。turn to sth.“求助于某物”。

　　[運用提升]

　　用turn的相關短語填空。

　　(1)She didn't________at the party as she had promised to.

　　(2)It________that the job was much harder than we had thought.