閱讀理解 網(wǎng)絡的發(fā)展與問題

　　1．網(wǎng)絡發(fā)展的利與弊的話題。

　　2．青少年上網(wǎng)要注意的事項和帶來的教育問題。

　　3．網(wǎng)絡隱私與安全問題。

　　4.

　　網(wǎng)絡發(fā)展給社會帶來的變革話題，例如知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護等話題。

　　5.

　　網(wǎng)絡技術(shù)可以帶來經(jīng)濟利益的話題。

　　6.

　　網(wǎng)上購物、網(wǎng)上銀行等現(xiàn)代網(wǎng)絡的產(chǎn)物話題。

　　·鏈接高考In a recent announcement, Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) said that they have joined forces to offer free online courses in an effort to attract millions of online learners worldwide.

　　Beginning this fall, a number of courses developed by teachers at both universities will be offered online through a new S 60 million program, known as edX. "Anyone with an Internet connection anywhere in the world can use our online courses," Harvard President Drew Faust said during a meeting to announce the plan.

　　MIT has offered a program called OpenCourseWare for ten years that makes materials from more than 2,000 classes free online. It has been used by more than 100 million people. In December, the school announced it also would begin offering a special certificate, known as MITx. for people who complete certain online courses. Harvard has long offered courses to a wider population through a similar program.

　　The MITx will serve as the foundation for the new learning platform.

　　MIT President Susan Hockfield said more than 120,000 people signed up for the first MITx course. She said Harvard and MIT hope other universities will join them in offering courses on the open-source edX platform. "Fasten your seatbelts," Hockfield said.

　　Other universities, including Stanford. Yale and Camegic-Mellon, have been experimenting with teaching to a global population online.

　　The Harvard-MIT program will be monitored by a not-for-profit (fS^JA) organization based in Cambridge, to be owned equally by the two universities. Both MIT and Harvard have provided S30 million to start the program. They also plan lo use the cdX plalfonn to research how students learn and which teaching methods and tools are most successful.

　　53. According to this text, edX is .

　　A. a part of the free MIT OpenCourseWare

　　B. a free computer program by MIT and Harvard

　　C. a Harvard-MIT platform of free online courses

　　D. a free program online for universities worldwide

　　54. What is said about online education in the text?

　　A. Universities have been trying online courses.

　　B. About 2,000 online courses have been offered.

　　C. Over 100 million people have finished courses online.

　　D. Stanford and Yale together have courses similar to cdX.

　　55. The underlined part in the text probably means _______.

　　A. Gel ready for the difficulties

　　B. Get ready for this educational change

　　C.

　　Get prepared to complete the online courses

　　D. Gel prepared to make materials for the edX courses

　　56. What can be said about MITx according to the text?

　　A. It is first offered as part of the edX learning program.

　　B. It is another free MIT-Harvard online learning program.

　　C. It is a standard to recognize online learners' achievement.

　　D. It is a new kind of free online course of Harvard and MIT.

　　55.【答案】B

　　【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文的整體理解，和本句的表面意思：綁緊安全帶，可以推斷出在這里的意思是：緊跟教育的變化，不落伍。故答案Ｂ符合文意。

　　鏈接2. 2010陜西卷

　　When I first got an email account ten years ago, I received communications only from family, friends, and colleagues. ①Now it seems that every time I check my e-mail ,I have an endless series of advertisement and other correspondence that do not interest me at all. If we want e-mail to continue to be useful, we need special laws that make spamming(發(fā)送垃圾郵件) a crime.

　　This problem is troubling for individuals and companies as well. Many spam emails contain computer viruses that can shut down the entire network of a company. Companies rely on e-mail on e-mail for their Comployees to communicate with each other. Spam frequently causes failures in their local communications networks, and their employees are thus unable to communicate effectively. Such a situation results in a loss of productivity and requires companies to repeatedly repay their networks. These computer problems raise production costs of companies ,which are, in the end, passed on to the consumer.

　　For these reasons, I believe that lawmakers need to legislate (立法) against spam. Spammers should be fined, and perhaps sent to prison if they continue to disturb people. E-mail is a tool which helps people all over the world to communicate conveniently, but spam is destroying this convenience.

　　57.What does the underlined word “correspondence” in the Paragraph 1 probably mean?

　　A. messages

　　B. ideas

　　C. connections

　　D.programs

　　58.According to the text, what is the major cause of the flooding spam?

　　A. Companies rely on e-mail for communications.

　　B. More people in the world communicate by e-mail.

　　C. Many computer viruses contain spam e-mail.

　　D. More advertisers begin to promote sales through spam.

　　59.According to Paragraph 3,who is the final victim of spam?

　　A. The business

　　B. The advertiser

　　C. The employee

　　D. The consumer

　　60.What is the purpose of the text?

　　A. To inform

　　B. To educate

　　C. To persuade

　　D. To instruct

　　【文章導讀】隨著網(wǎng)絡信息技術(shù)的發(fā)展，越來越多的人們實用網(wǎng)絡郵箱來傳遞信息，但現(xiàn)在垃圾郵件的泛濫已經(jīng)成為網(wǎng)絡用戶們深惡痛絕的事情，人們呼吁立法來阻止垃圾郵件的泛濫。

　　57. A。詞義猜測題。根據(jù)本文中的e-mail一詞以及endless series of advertisements可以推斷出correspondence在此處意思是：信件，垃圾郵件，由此可知本題選A。

　　58. D。推理判斷題。由第二自然段中的As more and more advertisers turn to spam to sell their products, individual e-mail boxes are often flooded with spam e-mails.一句可知本題選D。

　　59. D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)本段的最后一句可知本題選D。

　　60. C。推理判斷題。通讀全文可知本文作者擺出了垃圾郵件的危害，其目的是說服立法人員盡快出臺法律阻止垃圾郵件的蔓延，故本題選C。

　　·錯題集

　　57. 本題為詞意猜測題目，出錯率往往比較高，本題很多考生選擇了D項，主要是因為他們看到了advertisements一詞，認為既然是廣告，就應該是欄目、節(jié)目等。實際他們沒有意識到這里講的主要是e-mail，而e-mail主要是信息，也就是message。

　　58. 本題很多同學從我們的日常出發(fā)，選擇了A項和B項，實際本題有比較準確的意群來解決這個問題，但是很多同學沒有去找，只是根據(jù)自己的常識判斷，因而選錯。

　　·專項訓練PALO ALTO, Calif.--A handful of enterprising teens have a message for parents and the media: the Net is not all MySpace or Facebook horror stories.

　　In the crowd here at the "Next Generation Tech: Tech Plugged" conference, some teens are talking up their Web start-ups and technology inventions, a sign that--like the average cell phone user--the profile of a tech entrepreneur(企業(yè)家) is getting younger and younger.

　　Ben Casnocha, for example, kicked off SD Forum's half-day event at Hewlett-Packard by talking about how he started an e-government software company at age 14. A San Francisco Bay Area resident, he got the idea from a sixth-grade class assignment in which he helped to clean up the dirty seats at the 49ers football stadium. With virtually no way to complain about the condition of the seats, he set out to create a complaint-and-resolution Web site. What ultimately（最后地）resulted from the project was Comcate, a Web-based software company for public agencies to handle customer service.

　　Not skipping a beat, his dad asked back: "Why aren't your grades better?"

　　1. The first paragraph implies that ________.

　　A. parents and media hold different opinions about web

　　B. parents and their children lack communications

　　C. net brings more good than harm

　　D. inventing Elementeo

　　5. Who has got a patent right for his/her achievement?

　　A. Ben Casnocha

　　B. Ben Einbender

　　C. Anshul Samur

　　D. Daniel Fukuba

　　B

　　While there are still many people who don't feel comfortable using a credit card to buy over the Internet, e-commerce is absolutely here to stay. If you take a few precautions buying over the Internet can actually be safer than using your credit card in a restaurant.

　　Just as you should notice your surroundings and suspicious-looking people when withdrawing (提取) money from an ATM, you should know how to recognize the warning signs of Internet tricks and take steps to avoid being a victim when shopping online. Here are some good tips to remember when shopping online:

　?、軧efore submitting your personal information to a site, try to find out how the information

　　may be used and whether it will be sold to or shared with other businesses. If you don't like what you read, shop somewhere else.

　　Don't provide personal information such as address , telephone number, social security number , or e-mail address unless you know who you are providing the information for, why it' s being requested , and how it will be used .

　　Use a credit card, not a debit card (借記卡) for shopping on the internet. Debit cards don't have the same protection as credit cards.

　　Carefully review your credit card and bank statement each month for unknown charges and inform your credit card company or bank immediately if you notice any charges you didn't know about.

　　Clean your computer with free online software that detects spy-ware and install a firewall (防火墻) to ensure the sites you shop on don' t install spy-ware on your computer.

　　1. While shopping online, you should

　　A. be sure nobody is standing beside you

　　B. only shop at the site that you have often visited

　　C. find out how the personal information will be used

　　D. never provide personal information

　　2. According to the passage, if you find your credit card has unexplained charges, you should

　　A. tell your credit card company as soon as possible

　　B. change your credit card code number immediately

　　C. check all the websites you have visited

　　D. use a debit card instead of a credit card3. The underlined word "precaution" in Paragraph One means something done to_______.

　　A. make suspicious—looking people go away

　　B. protect you against loss or possible dangers

　　C. remind you to obey the rules when sopping online

　　D. avoid being cheated when eating in a restaurant

　　4. What is not advised by the writer when shopping online?

　　A. Using credit cards.

　　B. Installing a firewall.

　　C. Visiting famous websites.

　　D. Being very careful.

　　5. What' s the writer' s purpose in writing this passage?

　　A. To suggest a new way of shopping.

　　B. To tell us the advantages of shopping online.

　　C. To tell us how to shop safely online.

　　D. To tell us how to avoid being cheated.

　　C

　　“The poll confirms that parents continue to have issues with their kids' Web use, but those issues aren't scaring them away from letting their kids go online,” said James Steyer, CEO of Common Sense Media, which commissioned the study with Cable in the Classroom.

　　It found that 24 percent of parents reported their kids were exposed to strong language, sexual or violent content online over the past year and 52 percent of parents said their child was exposed to advertising.

　　But to address these problems 74 percent of parents visited Web sites with their children, 56 percent reported using a filter or blocking software, and 55 percent would visit a Web site before their child.

　　It also found that 85 percent talked to their children about online safety in the past year. “We know parents understand that talking to their children about using the Internet is a really important thing to do,” said Helen Soule, executive director of Cable in the Classroom.

　　1. Most parents didn’t ban their kids' Internet use mainly because _____.

　　A. Internet had become part of kids’ life

　　B. the issues kids encountered were not serious

　　C. they found it difficult to do so

　　D. their kids benefited from Internet as well

　　2. The attitude of parents towards issues in the Internet was ______.

　　A. negative

　　B. positive

　　C. extreme

　　D. sensitive

　　3. According to the passage, which measure was most effective?

　　A. using a filter or blocking software

　　B. banning or restricting online access

　　C. monitoring their children

　　D. talking to their children about online safety

　　4. The underlined word “address” in Paragraph 7 can be replaced by ______.

　　A. speak to

　　B. come to

　　C. deal with

　　D. take up

　　5. Most of parents agreed that _______.

　　A. Internet was of great help for kids’ study

　　B. kids spent too much time on the Internet

　　C. kids were greatly influenced by advertisements

　　D. bad behaviors of kids came from Internet

　　·答案速遞

　　A篇：1、C．根據(jù)the Net is not all MySpace or Facebook horror stories，有作為的青少年認為網(wǎng)絡不僅僅MySpace 或 Facebook這樣的網(wǎng)站給孩子們帶來的不好的影響。言外之意是這些青少年認為網(wǎng)絡有更多的好處。

　　2、B．從第一段的A handful of enterprising teens have a message for parents and the media和最后一段…h(huán)is dad sitting in the audience的敘述中可知，這是由青少年和父母們參加的一個對話節(jié)目。

　　3、B。結(jié)合上下文，這里是指Ben Casnocha以講述他怎樣建立網(wǎng)上政府軟件公司開始了他的演講。所以kick off在這里是“開始”的意思。

　　4、D．Anshul Samur是作為一個在科學技術(shù)方面有突出成就的青少年的例子，所以他作為例子的原因應是他在科技方面的成就，即他發(fā)明的教小孩學化學的紙牌游戲－Elementeo。

　　5、D．從倒數(shù)第三段His idea was patented with money from Cisco, which now holds the intellectual property rights, according to Fakuba.處可知，Daniel Fukuba的想法獲得了專利權(quán)。

　　B 篇：1. C。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段可知C正確，D錯；文章第二段第一句話只是說在ATM機上取錢的時候要當心身旁有可疑的人，并沒有說在網(wǎng)上購物時旁邊不能有人，A錯；·黃金表達①Now it seems that every time I check my e-mail ,I have an endless series of advertisement and other correspondence that do not interest me at all.現(xiàn)在看起來，幾乎每次我檢查的我的郵箱的時候，我都會發(fā)現(xiàn)無休止的根本引不起我興趣的一連串信息。

　?、贗f someone else wishes to represent the idea or develop it further, he/ she must consult the original artists, who will normally be rewarded financially for its use.如果有別人描繪或發(fā)展這個想法更深入的話，他/它必需要請教原創(chuàng)的藝術(shù)家，他們自然地將會由于它的用途來被經(jīng)濟獎勵。