2024屆廣東北師大版高考總復習（第1輪）英語：Module5 Unit14《Careers》（2）
社會(基礎寫作)
這個話題主要涉及社會上的一些熱點現(xiàn)象，比如明星代言問題、社會不文明現(xiàn)象、就業(yè)、教育教學改革、食品安全等，涉及的問題針對現(xiàn)象談論利弊和表達個人看法。
實用表達：
make great fortune overnight 一夜暴富
great temptation 巨大的誘惑 a sound attitude 一種正確的態(tài)度 be concerned about 關心 in terms of 從……的角度 the inevitable result of social development 社會發(fā)展的必然結果 arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention 引起了廣泛的公眾關注 It is undeniable that…/ There is no denying that… 不可否認 a heated discussion / debate 熱烈的討論/爭論 a controversial issue 有爭議性的問題 a totally different argument
完全不同的觀點 Some people…while others… 一些人……而另外一些人…… a complicated social phenomenon 復雜的社會現(xiàn)象 job vacancy 就業(yè)空位，就業(yè)機會 place too much emphasis on… 過于看重…… challenge examination-oriented education 挑戰(zhàn)應試教育 take strict and effective measures 采取嚴厲，有效的手段
conduct some social investigations 做一些社會調查
Competition exists everywhere and it is one of the motive forces of the development of society.
競爭無處不在，它是推動社會發(fā)展的動力之一。
The early 1990's witnessed an unprecedented tide of rural workers flooding into big cities.
20世紀90年代初期，農民工開始如潮水般地涌入大城市。
conduct some social investigations 做一些社會調查
Competition exists everywhere and it is one of the motive forces of the development of society.
競爭無處不在，它是推動社會發(fā)展的動力之一。
The early 1990's witnessed an unprecedented tide of rural workers flooding into big cities.
20世紀90年代初期，農民工開始如潮水般地涌入大城市。
原因 比例 費用高，花銷大 56% 交通擁擠 34% 人生大事未定 10%
【寫作內容】
1．按照傳統(tǒng)，在外工作人員春節(jié)期間一般應該怎么做；
2．現(xiàn)在發(fā)生了什么變化；
3．為什么會產生這種現(xiàn)象；
4．數(shù)據(jù)差異是什么；
5．你認為應該如何解決。 【寫作要求】
必須使用5個句子介紹全部所給的內容。
參考詞匯：immigrant workers 外來工
第一步：審題，確定時態(tài)
本篇寫作是表格形式呈現(xiàn)信息點的試題。介紹現(xiàn) 階段的一種現(xiàn)象和針對該現(xiàn)象的調查結果，應用一般現(xiàn)在時。
第二步：擬定出具體的信息點。 該題的要點都是以問題的形式出現(xiàn)的，所以該篇寫作關鍵是要結合寫作內容擬定出具體的信息點。首先提出 “大家都知道，在外工作人員春節(jié)期間回家與家 人團圓是傳統(tǒng)”，然后介紹 “現(xiàn)在在外打工人員有點不敢回家”這種變化，接下來分析原因： 費用高，花銷大；交通擁擠， 人生大事未定即未結婚等，最后發(fā)表個人觀點。對于最后一個問題，所給信息中沒有明確的解決方法，是個開放性問題，同學們可以自由發(fā)揮，比如提高外來工作人員的待遇，增開臨時列車等。
第三步：提煉語言，使句子順暢、靈活、多樣。
對于各個要點的表達，要堅持順暢、靈活、多樣的原則。如在分析原因前，可以加入這樣的過渡句——他們?yōu)楹螌幵复谕獾匾膊辉富丶夷兀繉τ谠撜Z句的表達，我們可以使用“prefer to…rather than…”這一句式表達。在分析原因時，可以將表格中所列的3個原因用名詞短語的形式表達：the high cost of seeing their family, the fear of the Spring Festival
traffic jams and the fear of family pressure to get married contribute to the social phenomenon.
As we all know, it is a tradition to go home during the Spring Festival wherever we live and work. But with the Spring Festival drawing near, some immigrant workers scare to return home somewhat. Why do they prefer to stay out rather than return home? It's reported homesick as they are, the high cost of seeing their family, the fear of the Spring Festival traffic jams and the fear of family pressure to get married contribute to the social phenomenon.
As far as I am concerned, our government should take some steps to solve the problem such as increasing the wages of the immigrant workers, providing more working posts, enlarging the scope of temporary trains and so on.
當今我國大學生就業(yè)成功率很低，除了全球性的金融危機影響外，還有就是大學生對工作的選擇。有的人認為應該優(yōu)先選擇自己喜歡的工作，而不是自己擅長的；另一部分人相反。你班學生就此話題進行了討論。請根據(jù)下表介紹討論的結果并談談你的看法。
觀點 理由 一部 分人 喜歡比擅長重要。 興趣是最好的老師，精通與擅長的可能性會大大增加等。
另一 部分人 擅長比喜歡重要。 擅長更容易成功，后天努力培養(yǎng)興趣。 【寫作內容】
你的觀點及理由。
【寫作要求】
1．必須使用5個句子介紹全部所給的內容；
2．開頭已為你寫好， 但不計入總句數(shù)。
Recently the students in our class have discussed the following topic: which is more important for college graduates to choose jobs, being interested in it or being good at it?
One possible version：
Recently the students in our class have discussed the following topic: which is more important for college graduates to choose jobs, being interested in it or being good at it?
Concerning this matter, different people have different opinions. Some think the love of job is very important arguing that interest is the best teacher, which
helps you work hard and gradually improves your skills to make you good at it, although you are not good at it at the beginning. Others hold the opposite view. In their opinion, if you are good at it, you will have more chances to achieve success very soon, and you can do all you can to gain the interest in it little by little.
As far as I am concerned, we should make full use of our strengths to change them each other regardless of the fact that you like it or you are good at it. Part 2 Of 2 9. grasp vt. & n. 抓住；理解
On the verge of falling, he immediately grasped
a rope.
在快要跌倒的時候,他立刻抓住了一根繩子。
grasp sb.’ s hand / sb. by the hand 抓住某人的手
It’s a concept we find difficult to grasp.
這是我們覺得難以理解的一個概念。 He took her hand in a firm grasp.
他牢牢抓住她的手。 She has a good grasp of what she has learned. 她對她所學過的知識掌握得很牢固。 Take a firm grasp of the handle and pull. 抓緊把手然后拉。 你必須抓住這個黃金機會。
____________________________________ 你理解文章的大意嗎？
____________________________________
____________________________________ You must grasp the golden opportunity. Did you grasp the main idea of the passage? 10. pay off 還清(債務)；取得成功,得到好結果
It was such a huge debt that it was unlikely for
her to pay it off.
她欠下的債款如此大以至于她不大可能還清。
Hard work will surely pay off.
努力工作一定會帶來成功。 11. commit vt. 承諾,受誓言的約束；犯(罪、錯等)
commit a crime / mistake 犯罪/犯錯
commit suicide 自殺
He committed himself to the cause of education.
他投身于教育事業(yè)。
She would not commit herself in any way.
她不愿作出任何承諾。 committed adj. 承擔義務的；忠于既定立場的 be committed to=be devoted to 獻身于,奉獻于 He remained committed to his youthful ideal. 他堅持不懈地追求自己年輕時的理想。 commitment n. 承諾；奉獻 a commitment to 信奉……；忠誠于…… 12. existence n. 存在,生存
(sth.) come into existence 出現(xiàn),產生
bring sth. into existence 使產生
be in existence 存在的,現(xiàn)存的
This is the most magnificent bridge in existence.
這是現(xiàn)有的最雄偉的橋。 exist vi. 存在,生存 We can not exist without air. 沒有空氣,我們就不能生存。 Such a problem does not exist. 這樣的問題根本不存在。 existing adj. 存在的 13. hesitate vi. 躊躇,猶豫
hesitate to do / about doing sth.
對做某事猶豫不決
I didn’t hesitate about taking the job.
我毫不猶豫地接受了那份工作。
If you hesitate too much, you will lose the game.
如果你太猶豫,就會輸?shù)舯荣悺?14. respond ①vi.
respond to 對……作出回答；對……
(作出)反應
respond to a question 答復問題
respond with a smile 以微笑表示回答
The plane responds well to the controls.
這架飛機操縱起來靈活。
He failed to respond to the medicine.
他服了藥未見起色。
同義詞：react to sth. 對……反應(見M1·Unit 2) ②vt. 回答說
He responded that he wouldn’t go.
他回答說他不會去。 15. envy vt. & n. 羨慕,妒忌
do sth. out of envy 出于妒忌而做某事
feel envy at…對……感到嫉妒
I envy him his luck.
我羨慕他的運氣。(相當于admire)
envious adj. jealous 嫉妒的，羨慕的 an envious look 嫉妒的目光 Aged people are always envious of young
people’s energy. 上了年紀的人總羨慕年輕人的精力。 我不羨慕他的成績。 _______________________________________ _______________________________________ I do not envy him his marks. / I am not envious of his marks. 16. bother vt. 煩擾，使惱怒，使不安； vi. 費心，
麻煩； n. 麻煩(之人或事)，煩擾
Oh, well, don’t let that bother you.
哎,別為這事心煩了。
His bad leg is bothering him again.
他的那條傷腿又在痛了。
Don’t bother yourself about it.
你別為這操心了。 Don’t bother about answering / to answer the
letter. 此信不必費心回復。 That student is quite a bother to us.
那個學生挺讓我們傷腦筋的。 17. have an advantage over 占……上風,優(yōu)于,強于
You have an advantage over Bob in being more
organized.
你比Bob有優(yōu)勢,因為你比較有條理。 take advantage of sb. 占某人便宜,利用某人 take advantage of sth.=make use of sth. 利用某物 It never occurred to me to take advantage of him. 我絕沒有想過要占他的便宜。 Some students took advantage of the lunch hour to
finish their homework. 有些學生利用午餐的時間做作業(yè)。 他比我有優(yōu)勢,因為他是男士。 ________________________________________ He had an advantage over me as he is a male. 18. twist vt. & vi. (使)扭到；擰 twist the facts
歪曲事實 twist sb.’ s words
曲解某人的話 He fell and twisted his ankle. 他摔倒并扭到踝關節(jié)了。 他的手腕在打籃球時扭到了。 _______________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ His wrist twisted while he was playing basketball. / He twisted his wrist while playing basketball. 19. battle vi. & n. 戰(zhàn)斗,拼搏 battle for freedom 為自由而戰(zhàn) battle against cancer 與癌癥作抗爭 a battle for survival/of life and death 一場生死斗 die in battle 陣亡 The boat battled with the storm.
這艘船和風暴作斗爭。 20. call off =cancel 取消
The sports meet was called off / cancelled
because of the rain.
運動會因雨取消。 1.…find it more and more difficult to keep up with
the demand for change.
……覺得越來越難跟上變化的需求。
it在句中作形式賓語,真正的賓語是后面的不
定式to keep up with the demand for change,由
于賓語過長,置于后面得以結構平衡。 2. Now people are beginning to pay attention to
Toffler’s ideas…
人們漸漸開始注意到Toffler的想法了……
begin作為瞬間動詞,一般沒有進行時,這里是
v.-ing表動作“漸漸產生”。 3. There are also many other important changes
taking place.
還發(fā)生了很多其他重要的變化。
There be…doing結構。句子謂語為there be,
因此后面動詞采用分詞結構。
There are many fishermen living in that village.
那個村莊里住著很多漁民。 很多窮人家的孩子被迫輟學。 _______________________________________ _______________________________________ There are many children from poor families forced to quit school.
4. “…as long as I am committed and never give
up, I will be able to produce high quality reports.”
“……只要我堅持不懈，永不放棄，我就能寫
出高質量的報道。”
as long as為連詞，后接條件狀語從句，相當
于provided (that),表示“只要”。此外，還可
用so long as表達此意。
As long as you can keep away from them, you
are safe.
只要你遠離他們，你就安全了。
I am happy as long as you are happy.
只要你幸福，我就幸福了。 只要你使她幸福，我就滿意了。
____________________________________
____________________________________ 只要你答應在10點前回來，你就可以外出。
____________________________________
____________________________________ As long as you make her happy, I’m content / satisfied / pleased. As long as you promise to come back before 10 o’clock, you can go out.
社會(基礎寫作)
這個話題主要涉及社會上的一些熱點現(xiàn)象，比如明星代言問題、社會不文明現(xiàn)象、就業(yè)、教育教學改革、食品安全等，涉及的問題針對現(xiàn)象談論利弊和表達個人看法。
實用表達：
make great fortune overnight 一夜暴富
great temptation 巨大的誘惑 a sound attitude 一種正確的態(tài)度 be concerned about 關心 in terms of 從……的角度 the inevitable result of social development 社會發(fā)展的必然結果 arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention 引起了廣泛的公眾關注 It is undeniable that…/ There is no denying that… 不可否認 a heated discussion / debate 熱烈的討論/爭論 a controversial issue 有爭議性的問題 a totally different argument
完全不同的觀點 Some people…while others… 一些人……而另外一些人…… a complicated social phenomenon 復雜的社會現(xiàn)象 job vacancy 就業(yè)空位，就業(yè)機會 place too much emphasis on… 過于看重…… challenge examination-oriented education 挑戰(zhàn)應試教育 take strict and effective measures 采取嚴厲，有效的手段
conduct some social investigations 做一些社會調查
Competition exists everywhere and it is one of the motive forces of the development of society.
競爭無處不在，它是推動社會發(fā)展的動力之一。
The early 1990's witnessed an unprecedented tide of rural workers flooding into big cities.
20世紀90年代初期，農民工開始如潮水般地涌入大城市。
conduct some social investigations 做一些社會調查
Competition exists everywhere and it is one of the motive forces of the development of society.
競爭無處不在，它是推動社會發(fā)展的動力之一。
The early 1990's witnessed an unprecedented tide of rural workers flooding into big cities.
20世紀90年代初期，農民工開始如潮水般地涌入大城市。
原因 比例 費用高，花銷大 56% 交通擁擠 34% 人生大事未定 10%
【寫作內容】
1．按照傳統(tǒng)，在外工作人員春節(jié)期間一般應該怎么做；
2．現(xiàn)在發(fā)生了什么變化；
3．為什么會產生這種現(xiàn)象；
4．數(shù)據(jù)差異是什么；
5．你認為應該如何解決。 【寫作要求】
必須使用5個句子介紹全部所給的內容。
參考詞匯：immigrant workers 外來工
第一步：審題，確定時態(tài)
本篇寫作是表格形式呈現(xiàn)信息點的試題。介紹現(xiàn) 階段的一種現(xiàn)象和針對該現(xiàn)象的調查結果，應用一般現(xiàn)在時。
第二步：擬定出具體的信息點。 該題的要點都是以問題的形式出現(xiàn)的，所以該篇寫作關鍵是要結合寫作內容擬定出具體的信息點。首先提出 “大家都知道，在外工作人員春節(jié)期間回家與家 人團圓是傳統(tǒng)”，然后介紹 “現(xiàn)在在外打工人員有點不敢回家”這種變化，接下來分析原因： 費用高，花銷大；交通擁擠， 人生大事未定即未結婚等，最后發(fā)表個人觀點。對于最后一個問題，所給信息中沒有明確的解決方法，是個開放性問題，同學們可以自由發(fā)揮，比如提高外來工作人員的待遇，增開臨時列車等。
第三步：提煉語言，使句子順暢、靈活、多樣。
對于各個要點的表達，要堅持順暢、靈活、多樣的原則。如在分析原因前，可以加入這樣的過渡句——他們?yōu)楹螌幵复谕獾匾膊辉富丶夷兀繉τ谠撜Z句的表達，我們可以使用“prefer to…rather than…”這一句式表達。在分析原因時，可以將表格中所列的3個原因用名詞短語的形式表達：the high cost of seeing their family, the fear of the Spring Festival
traffic jams and the fear of family pressure to get married contribute to the social phenomenon.
As we all know, it is a tradition to go home during the Spring Festival wherever we live and work. But with the Spring Festival drawing near, some immigrant workers scare to return home somewhat. Why do they prefer to stay out rather than return home? It's reported homesick as they are, the high cost of seeing their family, the fear of the Spring Festival traffic jams and the fear of family pressure to get married contribute to the social phenomenon.
As far as I am concerned, our government should take some steps to solve the problem such as increasing the wages of the immigrant workers, providing more working posts, enlarging the scope of temporary trains and so on.
當今我國大學生就業(yè)成功率很低，除了全球性的金融危機影響外，還有就是大學生對工作的選擇。有的人認為應該優(yōu)先選擇自己喜歡的工作，而不是自己擅長的；另一部分人相反。你班學生就此話題進行了討論。請根據(jù)下表介紹討論的結果并談談你的看法。
觀點 理由 一部 分人 喜歡比擅長重要。 興趣是最好的老師，精通與擅長的可能性會大大增加等。
另一 部分人 擅長比喜歡重要。 擅長更容易成功，后天努力培養(yǎng)興趣。 【寫作內容】
你的觀點及理由。
【寫作要求】
1．必須使用5個句子介紹全部所給的內容；
2．開頭已為你寫好， 但不計入總句數(shù)。
Recently the students in our class have discussed the following topic: which is more important for college graduates to choose jobs, being interested in it or being good at it?
One possible version：
Recently the students in our class have discussed the following topic: which is more important for college graduates to choose jobs, being interested in it or being good at it?
Concerning this matter, different people have different opinions. Some think the love of job is very important arguing that interest is the best teacher, which
helps you work hard and gradually improves your skills to make you good at it, although you are not good at it at the beginning. Others hold the opposite view. In their opinion, if you are good at it, you will have more chances to achieve success very soon, and you can do all you can to gain the interest in it little by little.
As far as I am concerned, we should make full use of our strengths to change them each other regardless of the fact that you like it or you are good at it. Part 2 Of 2 9. grasp vt. & n. 抓住；理解
On the verge of falling, he immediately grasped
a rope.
在快要跌倒的時候,他立刻抓住了一根繩子。
grasp sb.’ s hand / sb. by the hand 抓住某人的手
It’s a concept we find difficult to grasp.
這是我們覺得難以理解的一個概念。 He took her hand in a firm grasp.
他牢牢抓住她的手。 She has a good grasp of what she has learned. 她對她所學過的知識掌握得很牢固。 Take a firm grasp of the handle and pull. 抓緊把手然后拉。 你必須抓住這個黃金機會。
____________________________________ 你理解文章的大意嗎？
____________________________________
____________________________________ You must grasp the golden opportunity. Did you grasp the main idea of the passage? 10. pay off 還清(債務)；取得成功,得到好結果
It was such a huge debt that it was unlikely for
her to pay it off.
她欠下的債款如此大以至于她不大可能還清。
Hard work will surely pay off.
努力工作一定會帶來成功。 11. commit vt. 承諾,受誓言的約束；犯(罪、錯等)
commit a crime / mistake 犯罪/犯錯
commit suicide 自殺
He committed himself to the cause of education.
他投身于教育事業(yè)。
She would not commit herself in any way.
她不愿作出任何承諾。 committed adj. 承擔義務的；忠于既定立場的 be committed to=be devoted to 獻身于,奉獻于 He remained committed to his youthful ideal. 他堅持不懈地追求自己年輕時的理想。 commitment n. 承諾；奉獻 a commitment to 信奉……；忠誠于…… 12. existence n. 存在,生存
(sth.) come into existence 出現(xiàn),產生
bring sth. into existence 使產生
be in existence 存在的,現(xiàn)存的
This is the most magnificent bridge in existence.
這是現(xiàn)有的最雄偉的橋。 exist vi. 存在,生存 We can not exist without air. 沒有空氣,我們就不能生存。 Such a problem does not exist. 這樣的問題根本不存在。 existing adj. 存在的 13. hesitate vi. 躊躇,猶豫
hesitate to do / about doing sth.
對做某事猶豫不決
I didn’t hesitate about taking the job.
我毫不猶豫地接受了那份工作。
If you hesitate too much, you will lose the game.
如果你太猶豫,就會輸?shù)舯荣悺?14. respond ①vi.
respond to 對……作出回答；對……
(作出)反應
respond to a question 答復問題
respond with a smile 以微笑表示回答
The plane responds well to the controls.
這架飛機操縱起來靈活。
He failed to respond to the medicine.
他服了藥未見起色。
同義詞：react to sth. 對……反應(見M1·Unit 2) ②vt. 回答說
He responded that he wouldn’t go.
他回答說他不會去。 15. envy vt. & n. 羨慕,妒忌
do sth. out of envy 出于妒忌而做某事
feel envy at…對……感到嫉妒
I envy him his luck.
我羨慕他的運氣。(相當于admire)
envious adj. jealous 嫉妒的，羨慕的 an envious look 嫉妒的目光 Aged people are always envious of young
people’s energy. 上了年紀的人總羨慕年輕人的精力。 我不羨慕他的成績。 _______________________________________ _______________________________________ I do not envy him his marks. / I am not envious of his marks. 16. bother vt. 煩擾，使惱怒，使不安； vi. 費心，
麻煩； n. 麻煩(之人或事)，煩擾
Oh, well, don’t let that bother you.
哎,別為這事心煩了。
His bad leg is bothering him again.
他的那條傷腿又在痛了。
Don’t bother yourself about it.
你別為這操心了。 Don’t bother about answering / to answer the
letter. 此信不必費心回復。 That student is quite a bother to us.
那個學生挺讓我們傷腦筋的。 17. have an advantage over 占……上風,優(yōu)于,強于
You have an advantage over Bob in being more
organized.
你比Bob有優(yōu)勢,因為你比較有條理。 take advantage of sb. 占某人便宜,利用某人 take advantage of sth.=make use of sth. 利用某物 It never occurred to me to take advantage of him. 我絕沒有想過要占他的便宜。 Some students took advantage of the lunch hour to
finish their homework. 有些學生利用午餐的時間做作業(yè)。 他比我有優(yōu)勢,因為他是男士。 ________________________________________ He had an advantage over me as he is a male. 18. twist vt. & vi. (使)扭到；擰 twist the facts
歪曲事實 twist sb.’ s words
曲解某人的話 He fell and twisted his ankle. 他摔倒并扭到踝關節(jié)了。 他的手腕在打籃球時扭到了。 _______________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ His wrist twisted while he was playing basketball. / He twisted his wrist while playing basketball. 19. battle vi. & n. 戰(zhàn)斗,拼搏 battle for freedom 為自由而戰(zhàn) battle against cancer 與癌癥作抗爭 a battle for survival/of life and death 一場生死斗 die in battle 陣亡 The boat battled with the storm.
這艘船和風暴作斗爭。 20. call off =cancel 取消
The sports meet was called off / cancelled
because of the rain.
運動會因雨取消。 1.…find it more and more difficult to keep up with
the demand for change.
……覺得越來越難跟上變化的需求。
it在句中作形式賓語,真正的賓語是后面的不
定式to keep up with the demand for change,由
于賓語過長,置于后面得以結構平衡。 2. Now people are beginning to pay attention to
Toffler’s ideas…
人們漸漸開始注意到Toffler的想法了……
begin作為瞬間動詞,一般沒有進行時,這里是
v.-ing表動作“漸漸產生”。 3. There are also many other important changes
taking place.
還發(fā)生了很多其他重要的變化。
There be…doing結構。句子謂語為there be,
因此后面動詞采用分詞結構。
There are many fishermen living in that village.
那個村莊里住著很多漁民。 很多窮人家的孩子被迫輟學。 _______________________________________ _______________________________________ There are many children from poor families forced to quit school.
4. “…as long as I am committed and never give
up, I will be able to produce high quality reports.”
“……只要我堅持不懈，永不放棄，我就能寫
出高質量的報道。”
as long as為連詞，后接條件狀語從句，相當
于provided (that),表示“只要”。此外，還可
用so long as表達此意。
As long as you can keep away from them, you
are safe.
只要你遠離他們，你就安全了。
I am happy as long as you are happy.
只要你幸福，我就幸福了。 只要你使她幸福，我就滿意了。
____________________________________
____________________________________ 只要你答應在10點前回來，你就可以外出。
____________________________________
____________________________________ As long as you make her happy, I’m content / satisfied / pleased. As long as you promise to come back before 10 o’clock, you can go out.
