第一部分　必修三　Module 4

　　Ⅰ.閱讀理解

　　(2024·太原市二模)

　　The earth is dying before us yet we sit and watch. If the TV or the game system breaks, we run off to the stores to get it fixed immediately no matter what the cost. Why aren't we willing to fix our earth? Are our televisions and game systems more important to us than where we live? Where shall we continue to live, until the end of time?

　　The earth is our home and cannot be replaced. We must take care of it. We have come up with so much technology that limits us instead of helping us. Take that game system we run to repair. What does it do? It occupies kids' time! The earth has already given kids plenty of entertainment in the forms of fields and hills, forests and plains, water and land. However, instead of using what the earth has given us, and helping kids by giving them exercise as they run around, we decide to ruin kids' minds with game systems that glue them to the screen for hours, and make them ignore their homework and chores. We have polluted this earth by making these things which do not even help us in any way!

　　We have already messed up this world. We have ruined the air, water, and animals that it has so willingly provided for us. We need to stop this destruction of life and bring back the world we had before. It will not be easy, but everybody can help! What about something as simple as turning the lights off when you leave a room? Recycling what can be recycled? Picking up litter? Donating money to an environmental organization? None of these things are very hard. We can't just always say, “Oh, the earth is a mess. Ah, well, those big companies that are polluting so much can stop and fix it.” Instead, we need to help out. It's not only those big companies; it's everyday things that we do too that are ruining the earth. So stop and think about what you can do to make a difference to our world!

　　語篇解讀：本文主要講述了地球在走向消亡的路上，號召人們停止毀壞地球的活動。

　　1．Why does the author mention televisions and game systems in Paragraph 1?

　　A．To make people better aware of the urgency to the protection of the earth.

　　B．To expose the great harm done to the earth by too much technology waste.

　　C．To show the relationship between overuse of those things with early death.

　　D．To remind people to spend less on them and use the saved money in a wiser way.

　　答案：A　推理判斷題。通過文章主旨及第一段最后一句“Where shall we continue to live, until the end of time？”和第二段前兩句“The earth is our home and cannot be replaced.We must take care of it.”可知作者在讓人們意識到保護地球的緊迫性。

　　2．It can be inferred from the second paragraph that the author ________.

　　A．thinks we must take care of our irreplaceable home—the earth

　　B．thinks running around in fields occupies too much of kids' time

　　C．takes an extremely negative attitude to things like game systems

　　D．takes it for granted that technology gives kids plenty of entertainment

　　答案：C　推理判斷題。通過第二段第六句中“It occupies kids' time! 和we decide to ruin kids' minds with game systems that glue them to the screen for hours, and make them ignore their homework and chores....”可知作者對游戲系統都持有極其否定的態度。

　　3．We can clearly feel that the author wrote this passage with deep ________.

　　A．anger B．emotion

　　C．sadness

　　D．regret

　　答案：B　推題判斷題。通過文章中作者的疑問句和感嘆句可以得知作者帶著深厚的感情來寫這篇文章。例如：Why aren't we willing to fix our earth? Are our televisions and game systems more important to us than where we live? It will not be easy, but everybody can help!

　　4．What is the main purpose of this passage?

　　A．To criticize those big companies that ruin the earth.

　　B．To ask people to save kids from the harm done by pollution.

　　C．To give kids plenty of entertainment in a clean environment.

　　D．To call on people to stop ruining the earth.

　　答案：D　推理判斷題。通過最后一段內容和最后一句“So stop and think about what you can do to make a difference to our world！”可知作者寫這篇文章的主要目的是呼吁人們停止破壞地球。

　　Ⅱ.七選五

　　根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

　　(2024·玉溪一中期中考試)

　　Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer.

　　__1__Some people express anger openly in a calm and reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell. But other people keep their anger inside. They cannot or will not express it. This is called repressing anger.

　　For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person's health than expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain releases the same hormones (荷爾蒙). They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etc. __2__

　　Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger violently may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure.

　　__3__ They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. If it is, they say, “__4__ Wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably.”

　　Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. __5__

　　A．They say that laughter is much healthier than anger.

　　B．Expressing anger violently is more harmful than repressing it.

　　C．Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger.

　　D．Anger may cause you a cancer.

　　E．Do not express your anger while angry.

　　F．Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time.

　　G．In general the person feels excited and ready to act.

　　語篇解讀：這篇文章講的是憤怒對人的危害和如何解決這樣的問題。

　　1．F　根據關鍵詞feel、express，感受到“生氣”，然后就是“表達”出來。

　　2．G　本句就是“they speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood”的結果，符合上下文邏輯順序。

　　3．C　本句位于句首，一般是對下文的總結，因為下文講的是如何處理anger的問題，故選C，關鍵詞是solution。

　　4．E　關鍵詞是do not express和下文中的until your anger has cooled down。

　　5．A　關鍵詞是上文中的humor和選項中的laughter。

　　Ⅲ.完形填空

　　(2024·江西九江一中調研)

　　Socialization is the way in which children and adults learn from others. We begin learning from others during the early days of life; and most people continue their social learning all through life __1__ some mental or physical disability slows or stops the learning __2__. Sometimes the learning is __3__， as when we learn a new sport, art or musical technique from a friend. At other times, social learning is __4__， as when we learn not to drive too fast by receiving a large fine for __5__.

　　Positive socialization is the type of social learning that is based on pleasurable and __6__ experiences. We tend to like the people who fill our socialization with __7__， loving care, and rewarding opportunities. Negative socialization __8__ when others use punishment, harsh criticisms or anger to try to“__9__ us a lesson”； and often we come to dislike both negative socialization and the people who __10__ it on us. There are all types of mixes of positive and negative socialization; and the more positive social learning experiences we have, the happier we tend to be—especially if we learn useful information that helps us deal with the __11__ of life.

　　Our __12__ socialization helps explain a majority of who we are at present—what we think and feel, where we plan to go in life. But we are not __13__ by the things given to us by those learning experiences; we can take all our __14__days and guide our future social learning in directions that we __15__. The more that we know about the socialization procedure, the more effective we can be in __16__ our future learning in the ways that will help us most.

　　Because we were not able to __17__ our parents, and we were not able to __18__ much of the first 10 or 20 years of our socialization. However, most people learn to __19__their own socialization as they gain experience in life. It takes special skills to steer (掌舵) our own socialization, and many of us __20__ some of those skills naturally as we go through life but others may need to take some courses for those skills.

　　語篇解讀：社會化是人與人之間相互學習的過程。文章從積極的和消極的角度分別對社會化進行了闡述，引領人們樹立正確的社會化進程的學習觀念。

　　1．A.if B．since

　　C．unless

　　D．while

　　答案：C　根據此空前的“and most people continue their social learning all through life”和空后的“some mental or physical disability”可知此處前面提到大部分人一生會持續他們的社會學習，而后面提及了精神或生理疾病，前后語義上是條件關系，故C項正確。

　　2.A.process

　　B．methods

　　C．progress

　　D．period

　　答案：A　process意為“過程”；method意為“方法”；progress意為“進步”；period意為“一段時間，周期”。根據此空前的slows or stops the learning可知此處表示減慢或者停止學習過程，故A項正確。

　　3.A.tiresome

　　B．fun

　　C．burden

　　D．effortless

　　答案：B　tiresome意為“令人厭倦的，討厭的”；fun意為“有趣的，令人愉快的”；burden意為“負擔”；effortless意為“容易的，應付自如的”。結合下文，該段最后一句提及的是社會學習的另一種情況，抓住其中“a large fine(懲罰，罰款)”可知此處指社會學習中令人愉悅的一面，故B項正確。

　　4.A.worthwhile

　　B．boring

　　C．valuable

　　D．painful

　　答案：D　worthwhile意為“值得做的”；boring意為“令人討厭的”；valuable意為“貴重的，寶貴的”；painful意為“痛苦的”。根據此空前的“At other times”可知此處指社會學習中令人痛苦的一面，故D項正確。

　　5.A.speeding

　　B．drunk-driving

　　C．casual-parking

　　D．overload

　　答案：A　speeding意為“超速行駛”；drunk-driving意為“酒后駕駛”；casual-parking意為“隨意亂停”；overload意為“超載”。根據此空前的提示“driver too fast”可知A項正確。

　　6.A.practical

　　B．exciting

　　C．personal

　　D．beneficial

　　答案：B　practical意為“實際的”；exciting意為“令人興奮的”；“令人愉快的”；personal意為“親自的”；beneficial意為“有利的”。前后由and連接，填入的詞應該與形容詞pleasurable“令人愉快的”意思相近，由此確定B項正確。

　　7．A.motivation

　　B．conversation

　　C．information

　　D．conclusion

　　答案：A　motivation為“動力，積極性”；conservation意為“談話，會話”；information意為“信息”；conclusion意為“結論”。根據語境“我們傾向于喜歡那些將社會化充滿動力、關懷以及有回報的人”可知A項正確。

　　8.A.occurs

　　B．fails

　　C．suffers

　　D．enters

　　答案：A　occur意為“發生，出現”；fail意為“失敗”；suffer意為“遭受”；enter意為“進入”。根據此空后的“when others use punishment，harsh criticisms or anger to try to...”可知此處A項正確。

　　9.A.tell

　　B．prepare

　　C．draw

　　D．teach

　　答案：D　與lesson搭配，動詞用teach，teach sb.a lesson“教訓某人”，固定結構。

　　10．A.cheat

　　B．test

　　C．force

　　D．request

　　答案：C　cheat意為“欺騙”；test意為“測試”；force意為“強迫”；request意為“要求，請求”。與后面的介詞on搭配，動詞用force。force sth.on sb.意為“將某事強加于某人”，固定搭配。

　　11．A.opportunities

　　B．conditions

　　C．challenges

　　D．pleasures

　　答案：C　opportunities意為“機會”；conditions意為“情況”；challenges意為“挑戰”；pleasures意為“愉快，樂事”。根據此空前的動詞短語deal with，再結合文意可知C項正確。

　　12．A.previous

　　B．current

　　C．positive

　　D．negative

　　答案：A　previous意為“以前的”；current意為“當前的，流行的”；positive意為“積極的”；negative意為“否定的”，根據語境可知，之前的社會化幫助解釋現在的我們，故A項正確。

　　13．A.surprised

　　B．limited

　　C．shaped

　　D．affected

　　答案：B　be surprised by意為“驚訝于”；be limited by意為“局限于”；be shaped by意為“由……塑造”；be affected by意為“被……影響”。根據語境可知，我們并不會被那些學習經歷給予我們的東西所束縛，故B項正確。

　　14．A.happy

　　B．healthy

　　C．remaining

　　D．past

　　答案：C　happy意為“高興的”；healthy意為“健康的”；remaining意為“剩下的，剩余的”；past意為“過去的”。此處涉及and連接的并列結構，根據此空后的days and guide our future...可知此處指我們的余生，因此C項正確。

　　15．A.doubt

　　B．lose

　　C．abandon

　　D．value

　　答案：D　doubt意為“懷疑”；lose意為“丟失”；abandon意為“拋棄”；value意為“重視”。根據句意可知，此處指朝著我們認為有價值的方向引領我們未來的社會學習，故D項正確。

　　16．A.directing

　　B．describing

　　C．damaging

　　D．discovering

　　答案：A　direct“管理，指導”；describe“描繪，描述”；damage“損害”；discover“發現”。根據上一句中“guide our future social learning”可知此處填入的詞和guide意思相近，故A項正確。

　　17．A.socialize

　　B．select

　　C．support

　　D．blame

　　答案：B　socialize意為“使……社會化”；select意為“選擇”；support意為“支持”；blame意為“責備”。根據句意可知，我們不能“選擇”父母，故B項正確。

　　18．A.enjoy

　　B．resist

　　C．repeat

　　D．control

　　答案：D　enjoy意為“享受”；resist意為“抵制，抵抗”；repeat意為“重復”；control意為“控制”。根據語境可知此處指我們不能控制社會化進程的頭10年或者20年，故D項正確。

　　19．A.influence

　　B．quit

　　C．continue

　　D．break

　　答案：A　influence“影響”；quit“放棄”；continue“持續”；break“打破”。此處是上一句語義上的轉折，上一句是不能控制，此處指“影響”自己的社會化，故A項符合語境。

　　20．A.put up

　　B．pick up