2024高考英語（人教版）選修8U5一輪夯實練習及答案

　　選修8

　　(2024·超級全能生26省聯考乙卷)“He is a fool who cannot be angry，but he is really a wise man

　　__1__

　　won’t.”

　　The habit of keeping pleasant is indeed better

　　__2__

　　an income of a million dollars a year. The life without __3__(cheerful) is like the severe winter without the sun.

　　We all love cheerful company，but we tend to forget that cheerfulness is a habit which can be developed by all.

　　We find

　　__4__

　　very difficult to be happy when we are in sorrow. It requires great courage. We should never forget that

　　__5__(be) cheerful when it is not easy to be cheerful shows greatness. Thorny(荊棘)may be

　　__6__(we) way，but how happy is the conqueror’s song!

　　The perfection of cheerfulness

　　__7__(consist)in the happy frame of mind. It is displayed in good temper and kind behavior. It arises partly from personal goodness and

　　__8__(part) from belief in the goodness of others. It can make people see the glory in the grass and the sunshine on the flower. It encourages happy thoughts，and lives in an atmosphere of peace. It costs nothing，and yet it is

　　__9__(value). It blesses its possessor and affords a large measure of enjoyment to others.

　　To light up other’s heart，one’s own heart must

　　__10__(light)

　　first.【語篇導讀】　本文介紹了積極樂觀的重要性。

　　1．who　[考查定語從句。分析句子結構可以得出“________ won’t”是一個定語從句，先行詞“a wise man”在從句中作主語，再結合前一句可知，此處填who。]

　　2．than　[考查比較級。根據句意及“better”可知，此處填“better”。]

　　3．cheerfulness　[考查名詞。without 是介詞，介詞后只能跟名詞或是動名詞，所以此處填“cheerful”的名詞形式“cheerfulness”。]

　　4．it　[考查代詞。分析句子結構可以得出“________”在這里只是“find”的形式賓語，真正的賓語是“to be happy”，所以此處填 “it”。]

　　5．to be　[考查不定式。分析句子結構，“________ cheerful when it is not easy to be cheerful shows greatness.”是“that” 引導的賓語從句，而 “________ cheerful”是從句中的主語，再根據句意分析，句子具有一定的將來意義，所以用“to be”。]

　　6．our　[考查形容詞性物主代詞。根據句意，此處填“我們的”，所以用“our”。]

　　7．consists　[考查動詞。這一句的主語“the perfection of cheerfulness”是單數形式，再結合全文來看，全文中以一般現在時來寫，所以此處也應用第三人稱單數形式。故填 “consists”]

　　8．parts　[考查動詞。根據句子結構及句意，此處的動作和前面的“arises”是并列關系，所以part用第三人稱單數形式。]

　　9．valuable　[考查形容詞。根據句意，“它雖然不花錢，但它確實是無價的。”所以此處應用“value”的形容詞形式valuable”。]

　　10．be lighted　[考查動詞語態。根據句意，“要想點亮他人的心，必須先點亮自己的心”。但后面半句的主語是“heart”，所以要用被動語態，故填 “be lighted”。]

　　單句語法填空

　　1．This dictionary is ________ (specific)intended for English learners.

　　2．The police ____________(arrest)almost everybody who is involved in the murder.

　　3．The way was blocked，so we went by an ________ (alternative)road.

　　4．The project was predicated on the ________ (assume)that the economy was expanding.

　　5．His only means of ________ (identify)was his passport.

　　6．Science means ________ (system)knowledge possessed as a result of practice and study.

　　7．To my ________ (relieve)，my son succeeded in applying for a good job.

　　8．He rushed to the station，only ____________ (tell)the train had left.

　　9．The girl has a great interest in sport and ____________ (take)badminton classes twice a week over the last three years.

　　10．More highways have been built in China，____________ (make)it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.

　　答案　1.specifically　2.have arrested 　3.alternative　4.assumption　5.identification　6.systematic　7.relief 8．to be told　9.has been taking　10.making

　　Peanuts to This

　　Proudly reading my words, I glanced around the room, only to find my classmates bearing big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes. Confused, I glanced toward my stone-faced teacher. Having no choice, I slowly raised the report I had slaved over, hoping to hide myself. “What could be causing everyone to act this way？”

　　Quickly, I flashed back to the day Miss Lancelot gave me the task. This was the first real task I received in my new school. It seemed simple: go on the Internet and find information about a man named George Washington. Since my idea of history came from an ancient teacher in my home country, I had never heard of that name before. As I searched the name of this fellow, it became

　　evident that there were two people bearing the same name who looked completely different! One invented hundreds of uses for peanuts, while the other led some sort of army across America. I stared at the screen, wondering which one my teacher meant. I called my grandfather for a golden piece of advice: flip(擲)a coin. Heads—the commander, and tails—the peanuts guy. Ah! Tails，my report would be about the great man who invented peanut butter, George Washington Carver.

　　Weeks later, standing before this unfriendly mass, I was totally lost. Oh well, I lowered the paper and sat down at my desk, burning to find out what I had done wrong. As a classmate began his report, it all became clear，“My report is on George Washington, the man who started the American Revolution.” The whole world became quiet! How could I know that she meant that George Washington?

　　Obviously, my grade was awful. Heartbroken but fearless, I decided to turn this around. I talked to Miss Lancelot, but she insisted: No re-dos; no new grade. I felt that the punishment was not justified, and I believed I deserved a second chance. Consequently, I threw myself heartily into my work for the rest of the school year. Ten months later, that chance unfolded as I found myself sitting in the headmaster's office with my grandfather, now having an entirely different conversation. I smiled and flashed back to the embarrassing moment at the beginning of the year as the headmaster informed me of my opinion to skip the sixth grade. Justice is sweet!

　　1．What did the author's classmates think about his report?

　　A．Controversial.

　　B．Ridiculous.C．Boring.

　　D．Puzzling.

　　．Why was the author confused about the task?

　　A．He was unfamiliar with American history.

　　B．He followed the advice and flipped a coin.

　　C．He forgot his teacher's instruction.

　　D．He was new at the school.

　　．The underlined word“burning”in Para. 3 probably means ________.

　　A．annoyed

　　B．ashamedC．ready

　　D．eager

　　．In the end, the author turned things around ________.

　　A．by redoing his taskB．through his own efforts

　　C．with the help of his grandfatherD．under the guidance of his headmaster

　　【要點綜述】本文講述了作者作為一個外來移民初入美國學校時，由于對美國歷史不了解而鬧出的一個笑話，但作者通過努力最后終于提高成績并實現跳級。

　　. B　推理判斷題。根據第一段內容我們知道，由于作者對美國歷史的無知，弄混了喬治·華盛頓的身份，所以同學們聽了作者寫的報告忍不住大笑起來。“bearing big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes.”可知大家覺得這個報告很荒謬。controversial有爭議的；ridiculous荒謬的，可笑的；boring無聊的；puzzling迷惑的，不解的。

　　. A　推理判斷題。 根據第二段“Since my idea of history came from an ancient teacher in my home country”可知，作者是從別的國家初到美國，所以對美國歷史不了解而鬧了笑話。

　　. D　詞義猜測題。 根據全文敘述可知，作者是通過投擲硬幣來決定的答案，因此犯了常識錯誤。第三段中“I was totally lost.”說明作者不明就里，所以當其他同學讀報告時，作者渴望知道為什么。annoyed 煩惱的；ashamed羞愧的；ready準備好的，情愿的；eager渴望的。

　　. B　細節理解題。 根據第四段“Consequently, I threw myself heartily into my work for the rest of the school year.”可知作者是通過throw oneself into(積極從事)而實現轉變的。所以選B。文中老師并沒有給作者機會重做，所以A錯誤；從祖父那里得到建議是在選擇華盛頓身份時，所以C錯誤；而校長是在作者成績提高后才接見的，所以D錯誤。Cars are an important part of life in the United States. Without a car most people feel that they are poor. And even if a person is poor he doesn’t feel really poor when he has a car.

　　Henry Ford was the man who first started making cars in large numbers. He probably didn’t know how much the car was going to change American culture. The car made the United States a nation on wheels. And it helped make the United States what it is today.

　　There are three main reasons why the car became so popular in the United States First of all the country is a big one and Americans like to move around it. The car makes the travel the most comfortable and cheapest. With a car people can go to any place without spending a lot of money.

　　The second reason cars are popular is the fact that the United States never really developed a practical and cheap public travel system. Long distance trains have never been as common in the United States as they are in other parts of the world. Now there is a good system of air- service provided by planes. But it is too expensive to be used often.

　　The third reason is the most important one, though. The American spirit of independence is what really made cars popular. Americans don’t like waiting for a bus, or a train or even a plane. They don’t like to have to follow an exact timetable. A car gives them the freedom to plan their own time. And this is the freedom that Americans want most to have.

　　Less oil has caused a big problem for Americans. But the answer will not be a bigger system of public transportation. The real answer will have to be a new kind of car, one that does not use so much oil.

　　1.Which of the following statements is TRUE?

　　A

　　In the United States even the poor own cars.

　　B

　　In the United States all the poor have no cars.

　　C

　　When an American has a car, he will never be poor.

　　D

　　An American will feel poor unless he has a car.

　　2.We can learn from this passage that Americans ______.

　　A

　　spend a lot of money traveling by car

　　B

　　travel a lot in their cars

　　C

　　seldom travel by plane

　　D

　　use public traffic often

　　3.Which of the following is not told in the passage?

　　A

　　Buses, trains and planes are not comfortable

　　B

　　Traveling by car is not expensive.

　　C

　　Americans have the spirit of independence

　　D

　　Americans often move from place to place

　　4.In the writer’s opinion, cars are popular in the United States mainly because ___.

　　A

　　Americans like to plan their own time

　　B

　　The United States does not have enough public transportation

　　C

　　Americans will not feel poor when they travel in their cars

　　D

　　Americans cannot move around without their own cars

　　5. “A nation on wheels” in the second paragraph means that _______.

　　A

　　everyone in the United States owns a car

　　B

　　the United States produces most of the cars in the world

　　C

　　cars play an important part in American’ life

　　D

　　the United States depend on car industry for its development

　　【參考答案】1—4、DBAAC

　　四、七選五

　　根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余項。

　　(2024·山西省四校聯考)

　　It's normal to wake briefly during the night. __36__ But if you're waking up during the night and having trouble falling back asleep, the following tips may help.

　　Stay out of your head. The key to getting back to sleep is continuing to prepare your body for sleep, so remain in bed in a relaxed position. Hard as it may be, try not to stress over the fact that you're awake, because that very stress and anxiety encourage your body to stay awake. __37__

　　__38__ If you are finding it hard to fall back asleep, try a relaxation technique such as visualization(想象), or deep breathing, which can be done without even getting out of bed. Remind yourself that although they're not a replacement for sleep, rest and relaxation still help refresh your body.

　　Do a quiet, non-stimulating activity. If you've been awake for more than 15 minutes, try getting out of bed and doing a quiet, non-stimulating activity, such as reading a book. Keep the lights dim so as not to think that it's time to wake up. __39__

　　A light snack might relax you, but be careful not to eat so much that your body begins to expect a meal at that time of the day.

　　__40__ If you wake during the night feeling anxious about something, make a brief note of it on paper and delay worrying about it until the next day when you are fresh and it will be easier to resolve.

　　A．Make relaxation your goal, not sleep.

　　B．Put off worries and troubles.

　　C．Use a flashlight to go to the bathroom at night.

　　D．In fact, a good sleeper won't even remember it.

　　E．Also avoid screens of any kind－computers, TVs, cell phones, iPads.

　　F．You'll be much more productive and creative after a good night's rest.

　　G．A good way to stay out of your head is to focus on the feeling in your body.

　　文章大意：本文介紹睡眠過程中會突然醒過來，如果長時間睡不著可以采取的一些措施。

　　36．D　根據后面的句子：It's normal to wake briefly during the night.晚上偶爾醒了是正常的，可知有的睡眠好的人甚至不記得了，故選D。

　　37．G　根據本段首句：Stay out of your head. The key to getting back to sleep is continuing to prepare your body for sleep, so remain in bed in a relaxed position.可知要想重新入睡最好的辦法是專注于身體的感受，故選G。

　　38．A　根據后面的句子：If you are finding it hard to fall back asleep, try a relaxation technique such as visualization, 可知要盡量放松，故選A。

　　39．E　根據前面的句子：Keep the lights dim so as not to think that it's time to wake up.可知一切有屏幕的東西都要避免，故選E。

　　40．B　根據后面的句子：If you wake during the night feeling anxious about something, make a brief note of it on paper and postpone worrying about it until the next day 可知是把擔心推遲到第二天，故選B。