?、?核心單詞→識記·思考·運用 一、單詞拼寫 1.(2024· 四川，閱讀C)By analyzing the numbers，it found the ________ (平均) mother works 119 hours a week. 2.*The scheme might work better with more favourable _____________ (環境). average circumstances 3.(2024·重慶，閱讀D)Unimaginable ________ (數量) of creatures，little and large alike，mix within its depths in a kind of oceanic harmony. 4.(2024·四川，閱讀C)The study looked at the ________ (種類) of jobs mothers do，as well as the hours they are working，to determine the figure. 5.She ________ (掃視) across to where the others were standing chatting. quantities range glanced 二、用所給單詞的適當形式填空 1.A clear ________ (state) of objectives is vital before the project begins. 2.*(2024·安徽，完形)All around the world，we can see the ____________ (consequent) of this throwaway lifestyle. 3.He made a ___________ (commit) to pay the rent on time. 4.*(2024·新課標全國Ⅰ，七選五)It’s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive ________ (grow) and forgiveness. 5.The final ___________ (present) on the following Monday will be the result of group work.

　　statement consequences commitment growth presentation 6.*He has made steady progress in his study after he worked day and night ________ (steady) for nearly a few months. 7.The storm ________ (tend) to hit our city，but we will observe its ________ (tend) closely. 8.*They _________ (contribute) a lot of food and clothing to the refugees(難民) and their ___________ (contribute) will certainly help them live through the winter. 9.*It is wrong for us students

　　____________ (consume) blindly.I think we should acquire a scientific outlook of ___________ and focus on study. 10.*— Do you believe the ________ (exist) of the Devil? —No，it never ________(exist).How does your stupid idea come into ________ (exist)?

　　steadily tends tendency contributed contributions to consume consumption existence exists existence 三、開心詞場 Quantities of data and graphs indicate a steady widespread

　　famine phenomenon as a consequence of the trend of advocating too much individual consuming. Educators are opposed to the idea，and advocate making contributions to protect our circumstances. 【聯想·積累】 ?“環境，情況”名詞家族 ①circumstance 環境；情況 ②environment 環境，周圍狀況，自然環境 ③surroundings (周圍的)環境/事物 ④condition 狀況，情況 ⑤situation 形勢，情況 ?后綴-ation必備名詞集錦 ①reformation 改革，革新

　?、趀xplanation 解釋 ③inspiration 鼓舞，激勵

　?、躨nvitation 邀請 ⑤organization 組織

　?、辮reparation 準備 ⑦pronunciation拼寫

　?、鄀xamination考試 ⑨appreciation欣賞，感激

　?、鈇dmiration感激，欽佩，贊賞

　　?高頻詞鏈條 ①contribution n.貢獻→contribute v.貢獻 ②existence n.生存；存在→exist vi.存在；生存 ③steady adj.平穩的；持續的；穩固的→steadily adv.平穩地；持續地 ④growth n.增長；生長→grow vi.發展；生長；漸漸變得…… vt.使生長；種植；擴展 ⑤consume vt.消費；消耗；耗盡；吃完→consumption n.消費→consumer n.消費者 ⑥consequence n.結果；后果；影響→consequent adj.作為結果的；隨之發生的→consequently adv.因而；所以

　　Ⅱ.重點短語→識記·思考·運用 一、補全短語 1.*come ________發生；造成 2.go ________上升；增長；升起 3.result ________導致 4.keep ________繼續 5.subscribe ________同意；贊成；訂購 6.*put up ________忍受；容忍 about up in on to with 二、短語填空 1.The price of oil has ____________ by over 50 percent in less than a year. 2.____________ all the guests here，I wish to thank you for giving us this warm reception. 3.(2024·四川，閱讀D)This ____________ the “early bird” schedule，and is a kind of disorder where the individual tends to stay up much past midnight. 4.*“I will not ____________ your bad behaviour any longer.” said the girl angrily. keep on；come about；go up；on behalf of；so long as；huge quantities of；be opposed to；put up with

　　gone up On behalf of is opposed to put up with 5.(2024·新課標全國Ⅰ，寫作)You can write anything relevant ____________ it’s interesting and informative. 6.If we ____________ our way for another hour，we should reach the village. 7.*We want to know how it ____________ that humans speak so many different languages. 8.(2024·安徽，閱讀C)People are learning how to organize _______________ information so that they are able to access it at a later date.

　　so long as keep on came about huge quantities of 【聯想·積累】 ?“動詞＋ about”必備短語一覽 ①argue about爭論

　　②bring about帶來 ③care about在意

　?、躢omplain about報怨 ⑤come about發生；造成

　?、辢ear about聽說 ⑦know about了解

　　⑧talk about談論 ⑨think about考慮

　?、鈝orry about擔心

　　?“動詞短語＋with” 必備短語薈萃 ①end up

　　with 以……結束 ②do away with 廢除 ③get on(along) with 和……相處 ④deal with處理，應付 ⑤go on with 繼續 ⑥catch up with趕上 ⑦keep up with跟上 ⑧put up with 忍受 Ⅲ.經典句式→識記·思考·運用 1.①_____________________ the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases，the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.

　　即使我們開始減少二氧化碳和其他溫室氣體的含量，在(未來)幾十年或幾個世紀內，氣候仍會持續轉暖。

　?、赺__________________(即使下雨) tomorrow，we won’t change our plan.

　　③I would have married her _________________________(即使她身無分文).

　　Even if we start reducing Even if/though it rains even if she had been penniless 2.①Some byproducts of this process are called “greenhouse” gases，_____________________________ carbon dioxide.

　　這個(升溫)過程的一些副產品就被稱為“溫室”氣體，其中最重要的是二氧化碳。

　　②Some effective measures should be taken to keep our living environment from getting worse，___________________________ ___________(其中最重要的措施就是限制) the use of private cars.

　?、跦ere are many cartoons，______________________________ (其中最有趣的是) Pleasant Goat and Big Big Wolf.

　　the most important one of which is the most important one of which is to limit the most interesting one of which is 【聯想·積累】 even if/though用法全掌握 (1)even though/if均可用于引導讓步狀語從句，引導的從句往往是假設性的，相當于漢語的“即使，縱然”，兩者可以不加區別地混用。 (2)even if從句的內容通常是假設性的，所以有時還可用于虛擬語氣；這樣用的even if 與單獨使用的if比較接近。 (3)even though表示“盡管，雖然”時與though或although的意思比較接近，許多時候可以互換(注意：英語可以說though和even though，但不能說even although)。

　　Ⅳ.單元語法→識記·思考·運用 it的用法(Ⅱ) 單句語法填空 1.It is the greenhouse effect ________ gives the earth’s surface the average temperature of 15 ℃. 2.I’ve forgotten where ________ was that I put the dictionary. 3.________ is not until everyone is seated that the meeting will begin. 4.Was it they ________ cleaned the classroom yesterday? 5.Who is it ________ teaches you English? that it It that/who that 【學法·點撥】 ?It is (was) ＋ 被強調部分 ＋ that...結構可強調除謂語動詞以外的各種句子成分。 ?此結構中的引導詞一般只用that，that無實際意義，只起語法連接作用。除強調的是作主語或賓語的人時也可用who外，其它任何情況都只能用that。 ?對not...until句式的強調有固定的句型，即It is/was not until... that...。

　　[單 詞 點 睛] 1.oppose vt.反對；抵制；阻撓；與……競爭

　　[教材原句](2024·新課標全國Ⅰ，閱讀B)Could it be the pattern that two things make，as opposed to three?

　　相對于三個物體，這可能是兩個物體組成的模式不同嗎？ (1)oppose (doing) sth反對(做)某事 oppose sb doing sth反對某人做某事(強調動作) oppose sth to/against sth使某事物與另一事物對照或對抗 (2)opposed adj.反對的；對立的 be opposed to 反對……；與……對立(強調狀態) (3)as opposed to(介) 相對之下，與……對照下

　　單句語法填空/完成句子 ①The parents strongly opposed their daughter ________ (go) there alone.

　　父母極力反對女兒單獨去那里。 ②What he said was totally ________ (oppose) to facts.

　　他所說的與事實完全相反。 ③[寫作佳句] With a lot of people opposing the new proposal.

　　＝Because a lot of people ____________ the new proposal，the government postponed it.

　　由于有很多人反對這個新提議，所以政府推遲了。 答案　①going?、趏pposed　③were opposed to

　　2.consequence n.結果；后果；影響(為可數名詞)

　　[教材原句]They predict that any warming will be mild with few bad environmental consequences.

　　他們預言說，變暖的情況不會很嚴重，對環境的影響也不會太大。 in consequence＝as a consequence 因此；結果 in consequence of＝as a consequence of 因為；由于，因為……的緣故 take/suffer/face the consequences of 承擔……的后果 answer for the consequence 對后果負責 (be) of little/no consequence 不重要的，無足輕重的

　　單句語法填空/完成句子 ①As a consequence of ________ (be) late for the conference，the secretary was dismissed from the company.

　　由于開會遲到，這位秘書被公司解雇了。 ②He broke the law，and now he must face/take/suffer ________ consequences of his action.

　　他違犯了法律，現在他必須為他的行為承擔后果。 ③[寫作佳句] Your opinion ________________ me.

　　你的觀點對我來說不重要。 答案　①being　②the?、踚s of little consequence to

　　[短 語 點 撥] 1.come about 發生；造成

　　[教材原句]So how has this come about and does it matter?

　　那么，這種溫度的增長是怎么產生的呢？會有什么影響嗎？ How did it come about that...……是怎樣產生的？ come into being 產生；出現；形成 come across 偶爾發現；想起；被理解；偶然遇到 come out 出來；發芽；出版；泄露 come up with 提出；想出 單句語法填空/完成句子 ①________ did these differences come about?

　　這些差別是怎樣產生的？ ②How did it come about ________ he knew where we were?

　　他是怎么知道我們在什么地方的呢？ ③[寫作佳句] I’ll never understand ________________ you made such a mistake.

　　我真不明白你怎么會犯這么個錯誤。 答案?、貶ow?、趖hat　③how it came about that

　　特別提示： come about是不及物動詞短語，常指情況不受人控制地突然發生。常用句型：How did it come about that...某事是怎樣發生的？ 另外，happen，occur，take place，break out也有“發生”之意，都不用于被動語態，也不常用進行時態。

　　2.put up with忍受；容忍

　　[教材原句]We do not have to put up with pollution.

　　我們不必去忍受污染。

　　put away 儲存(錢)；將……收起 put aside 儲蓄；存……備用；節省(時間、錢) put forward提出(意見、建議) put on 表演；上演(戲劇)；增(肥)；戴上 put off 推遲；延期 put out 熄滅；撲滅 put up 舉起；張貼；搭建；提供(食宿) 單句語法填空/完成句子 ①I won’t put up ________ her rudeness any longer!

　　她的態度粗魯無理，我再也不會容忍她了！ ②He put ________ a constructive suggestion.

　　他提出了一條建設性的建議。 ③[寫作佳句]She couldn’t put up with ________ animals treated cruelly.

　　＝She couldn’t stand ________ animals treated cruelly.

　?。絊he couldn’t bear ________ animals treated cruelly.

　　她不忍見動物受虐待。 答案?、賥ith?、趂orward?、踫eeing；seeing；seeing/to see 特別提示： put up with后面要跟動名詞作賓語，stand跟動名詞作賓語，而bear既可跟動名詞也可跟動詞不定式作賓語。

　　[句 式 透 析] ※[教材原句]It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it—if not，turn it off!

　　只要你在使用電器設備，你便可以把它開著，如果不用就把它關掉！ (1)as long as只能用于肯定句，而so long as既可用于肯定句又能用于否定句。 (2)引導條件狀語從句的從屬連詞還有：if，unless(＝if...not如果不……；除非)，while(＝as long as只要)，supposing (that)/provided/providing (that)(假如)，in case(假使)，on condition that(在……的條件下)，等等。 單句語法填空/完成句子 ①I’ll lend my car to you ________ long as you return it on time.

　　只要你按時歸還我就會把我的車借給你。 ②I’ll stay here ________ long as three days.

　　我將在這里逗留三天。 ③They believe I can succeed next time _____________________.

　　他們相信只要我更加努力學習下次我就能成功。 答案?、賏s/so?、赼s?、踑s/so long as I work harder

　　特別提示：as long as也可以指時間、長度，意為“長達……；與……一樣長；與……一樣久” 【方法規律】　根據as long as的本義“與……一樣長”和引申義“只要”，理解記憶下面的含義。

　　短語 本意 引申義 as well as 和……一樣好 也；和 as far as 遠至…… 就……而言 as good as 和……一樣好 差不多；幾乎

　?、?核心單詞→識記·思考·運用 一、單詞拼寫 1.(2024· 四川，閱讀C)By analyzing the numbers，it found the ________ (平均) mother works 119 hours a week. 2.*The scheme might work better with more favourable _____________ (環境). average circumstances 3.(2024·重慶，閱讀D)Unimaginable ________ (數量) of creatures，little and large alike，mix within its depths in a kind of oceanic harmony. 4.(2024·四川，閱讀C)The study looked at the ________ (種類) of jobs mothers do，as well as the hours they are working，to determine the figure. 5.She ________ (掃視) across to where the others were standing chatting. quantities range glanced 二、用所給單詞的適當形式填空 1.A clear ________ (state) of objectives is vital before the project begins. 2.*(2024·安徽，完形)All around the world，we can see the ____________ (consequent) of this throwaway lifestyle. 3.He made a ___________ (commit) to pay the rent on time. 4.*(2024·新課標全國Ⅰ，七選五)It’s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive ________ (grow) and forgiveness. 5.The final ___________ (present) on the following Monday will be the result of group work.

　　statement consequences commitment growth presentation 6.*He has made steady progress in his study after he worked day and night ________ (steady) for nearly a few months. 7.The storm ________ (tend) to hit our city，but we will observe its ________ (tend) closely. 8.*They _________ (contribute) a lot of food and clothing to the refugees(難民) and their ___________ (contribute) will certainly help them live through the winter. 9.*It is wrong for us students

　　____________ (consume) blindly.I think we should acquire a scientific outlook of ___________ and focus on study. 10.*— Do you believe the ________ (exist) of the Devil? —No，it never ________(exist).How does your stupid idea come into ________ (exist)?

　　steadily tends tendency contributed contributions to consume consumption existence exists existence 三、開心詞場 Quantities of data and graphs indicate a steady widespread

　　famine phenomenon as a consequence of the trend of advocating too much individual consuming. Educators are opposed to the idea，and advocate making contributions to protect our circumstances. 【聯想·積累】 ?“環境，情況”名詞家族 ①circumstance 環境；情況 ②environment 環境，周圍狀況，自然環境 ③surroundings (周圍的)環境/事物 ④condition 狀況，情況 ⑤situation 形勢，情況 ?后綴-ation必備名詞集錦 ①reformation 改革，革新

　?、趀xplanation 解釋 ③inspiration 鼓舞，激勵

　?、躨nvitation 邀請 ⑤organization 組織

　?、辮reparation 準備 ⑦pronunciation拼寫

　?、鄀xamination考試 ⑨appreciation欣賞，感激

　　⑩admiration感激，欽佩，贊賞

　　?高頻詞鏈條 ①contribution n.貢獻→contribute v.貢獻 ②existence n.生存；存在→exist vi.存在；生存 ③steady adj.平穩的；持續的；穩固的→steadily adv.平穩地；持續地 ④growth n.增長；生長→grow vi.發展；生長；漸漸變得…… vt.使生長；種植；擴展 ⑤consume vt.消費；消耗；耗盡；吃完→consumption n.消費→consumer n.消費者 ⑥consequence n.結果；后果；影響→consequent adj.作為結果的；隨之發生的→consequently adv.因而；所以

　?、?重點短語→識記·思考·運用 一、補全短語 1.*come ________發生；造成 2.go ________上升；增長；升起 3.result ________導致 4.keep ________繼續 5.subscribe ________同意；贊成；訂購 6.*put up ________忍受；容忍 about up in on to with 二、短語填空 1.The price of oil has ____________ by over 50 percent in less than a year. 2.____________ all the guests here，I wish to thank you for giving us this warm reception. 3.(2024·四川，閱讀D)This ____________ the “early bird” schedule，and is a kind of disorder where the individual tends to stay up much past midnight. 4.*“I will not ____________ your bad behaviour any longer.” said the girl angrily. keep on；come about；go up；on behalf of；so long as；huge quantities of；be opposed to；put up with

　　gone up On behalf of is opposed to put up with 5.(2024·新課標全國Ⅰ，寫作)You can write anything relevant ____________ it’s interesting and informative. 6.If we ____________ our way for another hour，we should reach the village. 7.*We want to know how it ____________ that humans speak so many different languages. 8.(2024·安徽，閱讀C)People are learning how to organize _______________ information so that they are able to access it at a later date.

　　so long as keep on came about huge quantities of 【聯想·積累】 ?“動詞＋ about”必備短語一覽 ①argue about爭論

　?、赽ring about帶來 ③care about在意

　　④complain about報怨 ⑤come about發生；造成

　?、辢ear about聽說 ⑦know about了解

　?、鄑alk about談論 ⑨think about考慮

　?、鈝orry about擔心

　　?“動詞短語＋with” 必備短語薈萃 ①end up

　　with 以……結束 ②do away with 廢除 ③get on(along) with 和……相處 ④deal with處理，應付 ⑤go on with 繼續 ⑥catch up with趕上 ⑦keep up with跟上 ⑧put up with 忍受 Ⅲ.經典句式→識記·思考·運用 1.①_____________________ the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases，the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.

　　即使我們開始減少二氧化碳和其他溫室氣體的含量，在(未來)幾十年或幾個世紀內，氣候仍會持續轉暖。

　?、赺__________________(即使下雨) tomorrow，we won’t change our plan.

　　③I would have married her _________________________(即使她身無分文).

　　Even if we start reducing Even if/though it rains even if she had been penniless 2.①Some byproducts of this process are called “greenhouse” gases，_____________________________ carbon dioxide.

　　這個(升溫)過程的一些副產品就被稱為“溫室”氣體，其中最重要的是二氧化碳。

　?、赟ome effective measures should be taken to keep our living environment from getting worse，___________________________ ___________(其中最重要的措施就是限制) the use of private cars.

　　③Here are many cartoons，______________________________ (其中最有趣的是) Pleasant Goat and Big Big Wolf.

　　the most important one of which is the most important one of which is to limit the most interesting one of which is 【聯想·積累】 even if/though用法全掌握 (1)even though/if均可用于引導讓步狀語從句，引導的從句往往是假設性的，相當于漢語的“即使，縱然”，兩者可以不加區別地混用。 (2)even if從句的內容通常是假設性的，所以有時還可用于虛擬語氣；這樣用的even if 與單獨使用的if比較接近。 (3)even though表示“盡管，雖然”時與though或although的意思比較接近，許多時候可以互換(注意：英語可以說though和even though，但不能說even although)。

　?、?單元語法→識記·思考·運用 it的用法(Ⅱ) 單句語法填空 1.It is the greenhouse effect ________ gives the earth’s surface the average temperature of 15 ℃. 2.I’ve forgotten where ________ was that I put the dictionary. 3.________ is not until everyone is seated that the meeting will begin. 4.Was it they ________ cleaned the classroom yesterday? 5.Who is it ________ teaches you English? that it It that/who that 【學法·點撥】 ?It is (was) ＋ 被強調部分 ＋ that...結構可強調除謂語動詞以外的各種句子成分。 ?此結構中的引導詞一般只用that，that無實際意義，只起語法連接作用。除強調的是作主語或賓語的人時也可用who外，其它任何情況都只能用that。 ?對not...until句式的強調有固定的句型，即It is/was not until... that...。

　　[單 詞 點 睛] 1.oppose vt.反對；抵制；阻撓；與……競爭

　　[教材原句](2024·新課標全國Ⅰ，閱讀B)Could it be the pattern that two things make，as opposed to three?

　　相對于三個物體，這可能是兩個物體組成的模式不同嗎？ (1)oppose (doing) sth反對(做)某事 oppose sb doing sth反對某人做某事(強調動作) oppose sth to/against sth使某事物與另一事物對照或對抗 (2)opposed adj.反對的；對立的 be opposed to 反對……；與……對立(強調狀態) (3)as opposed to(介) 相對之下，與……對照下

　　單句語法填空/完成句子 ①The parents strongly opposed their daughter ________ (go) there alone.

　　父母極力反對女兒單獨去那里。 ②What he said was totally ________ (oppose) to facts.

　　他所說的與事實完全相反。 ③[寫作佳句] With a lot of people opposing the new proposal.

　　＝Because a lot of people ____________ the new proposal，the government postponed it.

　　由于有很多人反對這個新提議，所以政府推遲了。 答案?、賕oing　②opposed?、踳ere opposed to

　　2.consequence n.結果；后果；影響(為可數名詞)

　　[教材原句]They predict that any warming will be mild with few bad environmental consequences.

　　他們預言說，變暖的情況不會很嚴重，對環境的影響也不會太大。 in consequence＝as a consequence 因此；結果 in consequence of＝as a consequence of 因為；由于，因為……的緣故 take/suffer/face the consequences of 承擔……的后果 answer for the consequence 對后果負責 (be) of little/no consequence 不重要的，無足輕重的

　　單句語法填空/完成句子 ①As a consequence of ________ (be) late for the conference，the secretary was dismissed from the company.

　　由于開會遲到，這位秘書被公司解雇了。 ②He broke the law，and now he must face/take/suffer ________ consequences of his action.

　　他違犯了法律，現在他必須為他的行為承擔后果。 ③[寫作佳句] Your opinion ________________ me.

　　你的觀點對我來說不重要。 答案?、賐eing?、趖he　③is of little consequence to

　　[短 語 點 撥] 1.come about 發生；造成

　　[教材原句]So how has this come about and does it matter?

　　那么，這種溫度的增長是怎么產生的呢？會有什么影響嗎？ How did it come about that...……是怎樣產生的？ come into being 產生；出現；形成 come across 偶爾發現；想起；被理解；偶然遇到 come out 出來；發芽；出版；泄露 come up with 提出；想出 單句語法填空/完成句子 ①________ did these differences come about?

　　這些差別是怎樣產生的？ ②How did it come about ________ he knew where we were?

　　他是怎么知道我們在什么地方的呢？ ③[寫作佳句] I’ll never understand ________________ you made such a mistake.

　　我真不明白你怎么會犯這么個錯誤。 答案　①How?、趖hat　③how it came about that

　　特別提示： come about是不及物動詞短語，常指情況不受人控制地突然發生。常用句型：How did it come about that...某事是怎樣發生的？ 另外，happen，occur，take place，break out也有“發生”之意，都不用于被動語態，也不常用進行時態。

　　2.put up with忍受；容忍

　　[教材原句]We do not have to put up with pollution.

　　我們不必去忍受污染。

　　put away 儲存(錢)；將……收起 put aside 儲蓄；存……備用；節省(時間、錢) put forward提出(意見、建議) put on 表演；上演(戲劇)；增(肥)；戴上 put off 推遲；延期 put out 熄滅；撲滅 put up 舉起；張貼；搭建；提供(食宿) 單句語法填空/完成句子 ①I won’t put up ________ her rudeness any longer!

　　她的態度粗魯無理，我再也不會容忍她了！ ②He put ________ a constructive suggestion.

　　他提出了一條建設性的建議。 ③[寫作佳句]She couldn’t put up with ________ animals treated cruelly.

　?。絊he couldn’t stand ________ animals treated cruelly.

　?。絊he couldn’t bear ________ animals treated cruelly.

　　她不忍見動物受虐待。 答案?、賥ith　②forward?、踫eeing；seeing；seeing/to see 特別提示： put up with后面要跟動名詞作賓語，stand跟動名詞作賓語，而bear既可跟動名詞也可跟動詞不定式作賓語。

　　[句 式 透 析] ※[教材原句]It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it—if not，turn it off!

　　只要你在使用電器設備，你便可以把它開著，如果不用就把它關掉！ (1)as long as只能用于肯定句，而so long as既可用于肯定句又能用于否定句。 (2)引導條件狀語從句的從屬連詞還有：if，unless(＝if...not如果不……；除非)，while(＝as long as只要)，supposing (that)/provided/providing (that)(假如)，in case(假使)，on condition that(在……的條件下)，等等。 單句語法填空/完成句子 ①I’ll lend my car to you ________ long as you return it on time.

　　只要你按時歸還我就會把我的車借給你。 ②I’ll stay here ________ long as three days.

　　我將在這里逗留三天。 ③They believe I can succeed next time _____________________.

　　他們相信只要我更加努力學習下次我就能成功。 答案　①as/so　②as?、踑s/so long as I work harder

　　特別提示：as long as也可以指時間、長度，意為“長達……；與……一樣長；與……一樣久” 【方法規律】　根據as long as的本義“與……一樣長”和引申義“只要”，理解記憶下面的含義。

　　短語 本意 引申義 as well as 和……一樣好 也；和 as far as 遠至…… 就……而言 as good as 和……一樣好 差不多；幾乎