Unit 5　Canada—“The True North”

　　假如你是李華，你曾在加拿大旅游過(guò)，你的筆友李明想留學(xué)，要了解加拿大的情況，請(qǐng)你寫信告訴他關(guān)于加拿大的情況。

　　地理 　世界第二大國(guó)，面積約為998萬(wàn)平方千米，是世界上湖泊和淡水最多的國(guó)家

　　氣候 　氣候地區(qū)差異大，比較冷，冬季長(zhǎng)

　　留學(xué)生活 　建議選擇去西部留學(xué)，留學(xué)生比較少，學(xué)費(fèi)(tuition)較低

　　建議城市 　Vancouver，加拿大最美、最溫暖的城市，被大山和太平洋環(huán)抱

　　　精彩美文　

　　Dear Li Ming，

　　I am glad to know that you are going to study in Canada, so I am writing to tell you something about this country.

　　Canada is the world's second largest country with an area of 9.98 million square kilometres. It has the largest number of lakes which provide more fresh water than any other country in the world. Despite the fact that the climate there is different from area to area, it is generally cold with long winters. I suggest that you (should) choose to study in the west, where there aren't so many international students and the tuition is lower. Vancouver is a good choice, for it is Canada's warmest and most beautiful city, surrounded by mountains and the Pacific Ocean.

　　Best wishes.

　　Yours，

　　Li Hua

　　　名師點(diǎn)睛　

　　1．文章體裁：應(yīng)用文——書信。

　　2．行文邏輯：寫信目的→介紹加拿大的情況。

　　3．詞匯短語(yǔ)：運(yùn)用了較高級(jí)的詞匯和短語(yǔ)。如：despite(盡管)，be different from(與……不同)，be surrounded by(為……所環(huán)繞)等。

　　4．句式句法：運(yùn)用了多樣化的句式結(jié)構(gòu)。如：①介詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)：with an area of 9.98 million square kilometres；②定語(yǔ)從句：which provide more fresh water than any other country in the world；③同位語(yǔ)從句：that the climate there is different from area to area, it is generally cold with long winters；④賓語(yǔ)從句：that you (should) choose to study in the west…；⑤過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)：surrounded by mountains and the Pacific Ocean等。

　　Ⅰ.單詞薈萃

　　1．________vt. 包圍；圍繞→________n．(復(fù))周圍的事物；環(huán)境→________adj. 周圍的

　　2．________n．行李→________ n．(同義詞)

　　3．________n．距離；遠(yuǎn)方→________adj.遙遠(yuǎn)的

　　4．________n．傳統(tǒng)→________adj.傳統(tǒng)的→________ adv.傳統(tǒng)地

　　5．________vt.使印象深刻→________n．印象→________adj.給人深刻印象的

　　6．________vt.使恐怖；恐嚇→________adj.恐懼的；受驚嚇的→________ adj.令人恐懼的

　　7．________vt.& vi.混合；調(diào)配→________n．混合(物)；混合狀態(tài)

　　8．________prep.在……之內(nèi)

　　9．________vt.聊天

　　10．________adj.富有的→________n．財(cái)富

　　11．________adj.輕微的→________adv.輕微地

　　12．________adv.向東→________adj.東方的→________n．東方

　　Ⅱ.短語(yǔ)檢測(cè)

　　1．設(shè)法做(成了)某事　__________________

　　2．與其；不愿

　　__________________

　　3．看見(jiàn)；瞥見(jiàn)

　　__________________

　　4．在遠(yuǎn)處

　　__________________

　　5．定居；平靜下來(lái)；專心于

　　__________________

　　6．對(duì)……有天賦

　　__________________

　　7．在黎明

　　__________________

　　8．夢(mèng)想

　　__________________

　　Ⅲ.佳句再現(xiàn)

　　1．________________________take the aeroplane all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train from west to east across Canada.

　　她們不想一路乘飛機(jī)，而是決定先飛到溫哥華，再?gòu)奈骱０冻嘶疖嚈M穿加拿大到達(dá)東海岸。

　　2．The thought __________ they could cross the whole continent was exciting.

　　他們要橫貫整個(gè)大陸的想法很是令人興奮。

　　3．It's too bad you can't go ________________ Ottawa, Canada's capital.

　　很可惜你們不能一直走到加拿大的首都渥太華。

　　4．As they sat in a buffet restaurant ______________ the broad St Lawrence River, a young man sat down with them.

　　當(dāng)她們坐在一家自助餐廳里眺望廣闊的圣勞倫斯河時(shí)，一個(gè)年輕人坐到了她們身邊。

　　5．It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some ____________ over 90 metres.

　　那里空氣濕潤(rùn)，所以樹(shù)都長(zhǎng)得特別高，一些高達(dá)90多米。

　　Ⅳ.課文回顧

　　Li Daiyu and her cousin Liu Qian were on a trip to Canada to visit their cousins on the Atlantic coast. Rather than 1.________

　　(take) the aeroplane all the way, they took the train from west to east 2.________ Canada. The thought that they could cross the whole continent was 3.________ (excite).

　　Canada is the second 4.________ (big) country in the world. People say Vancouver is Canada's most beautiful city 5.________ (surround) by mountains and the Pacific Ocean. On the coast north of Vancouver, it is so wet there that the trees are 6.________ (extreme) tall.

　　That afternoon aboard the train, the cousins settled 7.________ in their seats. They knew cowboys from all over the world competed in the Stampede. Many cowboys had a gift 8.________ riding wild horses. They also learned that most Canadians lived 9.________ a few hundred kilometres of the USA border and the population was only 10.________ (slight) over thirty million.

　　　單詞點(diǎn)睛　

　　1 surround　vt.(to be around)包圍；圍繞

　　(1)surround sb/sth with sb/sth　使某人/物包圍某人/物

　　be surrounded by/with…

　　被……包圍

　　(2)surrounding adj.

　　周圍的

　　surroundings n.

　　環(huán)境(復(fù)數(shù))

　　[溫馨提示] surroundings用復(fù)數(shù)形式，主要指周圍的具體的物質(zhì)環(huán)境。而environment是集合名詞，常用單數(shù)形式，既可表示抽象概念，也可表示具體意義，指對(duì)人的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生影響的自然環(huán)境或生活環(huán)境。

　　【活學(xué)活用】

　　(1)[2024·福建卷·閱讀E] If you're serious about wanting to live a healthy lifestyle, it's extremely important to surround yourself with people who'll provide you with the proper emotional support.

　　如果你真的想要過(guò)健康的生活，那就和能為你提供適當(dāng)情感支持的人待在一起，這一點(diǎn)非常重要。

　　(2)He ____________ the smiling faces of his friends when he returned home from the army.

　　當(dāng)他從部隊(duì)回到家鄉(xiāng)時(shí)，簇?fù)矶恋呐笥褌儌€(gè)個(gè)對(duì)他笑臉相迎。

　　(3)______________ for a few days, the enemies had to throw up their arms and give in.

　　在被圍困了幾天之后，敵人只好放下武器投降了。

　　(4)Happiness comes from within your heart, not from your ________．

　　幸福來(lái)自于你的內(nèi)心，而不是你周圍的事物。

　　2 measure　vi.& vt.測(cè)量；衡量；判定 n．計(jì)量制；計(jì)量單位；措施

　　(1)measure…by…　 用……衡量……

　　measure sb for a suit (＝make a suit to sb's measure)

　　給某人量身做一套衣服

　　sth measures 2 metres by 4 metres

　　某物長(zhǎng)4米寬2米

　　(2)take sb's measure

　　給某人量尺寸

　　make…to one's measure

　　依照某人的尺寸做……

　　take measures to do sth

　　采取措施做某事

　　【活學(xué)活用】

　　(1)[2024·浙江卷·完形] In a society that tends to measure everything in terms of dollars and cents, we learn from a young age to consider the costs of our decisions in financial terms.

　　在這樣一個(gè)傾向于用金錢來(lái)衡量一切的社會(huì)里，我們從小就學(xué)會(huì)了考慮每個(gè)決定背后的金錢成本。

　　(2)Many Americans live on credit cards, and their quality of life ____________ how much they can borrow, not how much they can earn.

　　許多美國(guó)人都靠信用卡生活，他們生活的質(zhì)量是用他們能夠借到多少來(lái)衡量，而不是他們能掙多少錢。

　　(3)She said China has taken its own measures ________(fight) climate change and supports pressing ahead with international cooperation.

　　她說(shuō)中國(guó)已采取自己的措施應(yīng)對(duì)氣候改變，并支持與國(guó)際社會(huì)合作推動(dòng)其前進(jìn)。

　　(4)Mr Smith asked the tailor to make some new clothes ________ his own measure.

　　史密斯先生要求裁縫照他的尺寸做新衣服。

　　(5)China is one of the world's leading book publishers, __________ by quantity, at least.

　　中國(guó)是世界領(lǐng)先的圖書出版國(guó)之一，至少?gòu)臄?shù)量上來(lái)說(shuō)是這樣的。

　　3 distance　n. (the amount of space between two objects or points)距離；遠(yuǎn)方；遙遠(yuǎn)；疏遠(yuǎn) v．不介入，與……疏遠(yuǎn)

　　(1)in the distance　在遠(yuǎn)方；在遠(yuǎn)處

　　at/from a distance

　　隔一段距離；從遠(yuǎn)處

　　at a distance of

　　在……遠(yuǎn)的地方

　　keep sb at a distance

　　對(duì)某人冷淡；與某人疏遠(yuǎn)

　　(2)distant adj.

　　遙遠(yuǎn)的；遠(yuǎn)處的；久遠(yuǎn)的

　　【活學(xué)活用】

　　(1)[2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ·閱讀七選五] During the first week，do not think about distance，but run five minutes longer each day.

　　在第一周的時(shí)候，不要考慮距離問(wèn)題，每天堅(jiān)持跑五分鐘以上就可以了。

　　(2)It was difficult to get to know her because she always kept everyone________________．

　　要了解她很難，因?yàn)樗偸菍?duì)每個(gè)人都很冷淡。

　　(3)She was warned to __________________ from John if she didn't want to get hurt.

　　有人警告她說(shuō)，如果不想受到傷害，就離約翰遠(yuǎn)一點(diǎn)兒。

　　4 confirm　vt.(to state or show that sth is definitely true by providing evidence) (尤指通過(guò)提供證據(jù))證實(shí)，證明；確定，確認(rèn)；批準(zhǔn)

　　confirm sb in belief/opinion/theory　使某人對(duì)信念/觀點(diǎn)/理論明確

　　confirm sth/that…

　　證實(shí)某物/……

　　confirm whether…　確認(rèn)是否……

　　It has been confirmed that…

　　已經(jīng)確定……

　　【活學(xué)活用】

　　(1)[2024·四川卷·閱讀B] Additional $10 may be paid to confirm the booking and will be returned on arrival.

　　需另付10美元來(lái)確認(rèn)預(yù)訂，到店后將返還。

　　(2)I __________in my opinions by what you told me.

　　你告訴我的話使我的看法更為堅(jiān)定了。

　　(3)Hello, Mr Hammer. Jack here. I am calling__________ our appointment on Monday at ten o'clock in your company.

　　喂，哈默先生。我是杰克。我打電話來(lái)確認(rèn)一下周一10點(diǎn)在貴公司會(huì)面的約定。

　　(4)When the interview is one day away, send an e-mail ________ the time of the appointment.

　　在面試的前一天，發(fā)一封確認(rèn)面試時(shí)間的電子郵件。

　　5 impress　vt.使印象深刻；使銘記

　　(1)　使某人牢記某事

　　(2)be impressed by/at

　　留下……印象

　　be impressed on one's mind/memory

　　被印在腦海里

　　(3)make/leave an impression on sb

　　給某人留下印象

　　(4)impressive adj.

　　令人贊嘆的

　　【活學(xué)活用】

　　(1)[2024·北京卷·閱讀A] When Grylls heard about Nicholas' amazing deeds, he was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive.

　　當(dāng)格里爾斯聽(tīng)說(shuō)尼古拉斯的驚人事跡后，他對(duì)尼古拉斯的印象很深刻，因?yàn)樗热魏稳硕记宄峁爬篂榱嘶钕聛?lái)而付出了多么大的努力。

　　(2)[2024·重慶卷·閱讀B] What the California builder's story intended to prove is that a good first ________ increases sales.

　　加州建筑商的故事意在證明，良好的第一印象有助于銷售。

　　(3)The accident impressed on me (＝__________) the necessity of observing regulations.

　　那次事故使我深感遵守規(guī)則的必要。

　　　短語(yǔ)儲(chǔ)存　

　　1 manage to do　設(shè)法做

　　manage to do　設(shè)法做成

　　manage it

　　能做到

　　manage without

　　在沒(méi)有(某物)的情況下繼續(xù)下去

　　【易混辨析】

　　manage to do “設(shè)法做成”，不定式所表示的動(dòng)作一定完成，相當(dāng)于succeed in doing。

　　try to do “努力做”，不定式所表示的動(dòng)作不一定完成。

　　【活學(xué)活用】

　　(1)[2024·天津卷·單項(xiàng)填空] Having worked for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.

　　史蒂夫工作兩天后，設(shè)法按時(shí)完成了他的報(bào)告。

　　(2)I can't __________ a good night's sleep if I am to do a good day's work.

　　要干一天的工作，我晚上睡不好可不行。

　　(3)I had hoped to send him a telegram to congratulate him on his marriage but I didn't manage ________．

　　我本想在他結(jié)婚的時(shí)候給他發(fā)封電報(bào)表示祝賀，但是我沒(méi)有辦到。

　　(4)用manage或try的適當(dāng)形式填空。

　　①Although they were very poor, they ________ to send their sons to school.

　　②The man ________ to escape but failed.

　　2 catch sight of　看見(jiàn)；瞥見(jiàn)

　　lose sight of　看不見(jiàn)

　　lose one's sight

　　失明

　　keep sight of

　　使能看得到；保持看得到的距離

　　at the sight of

　　一看到

　　in/within sight

　　可以看見(jiàn)；在視線內(nèi)

　　out of sight

　　看不見(jiàn)；在視線外

　　【活學(xué)活用】

　　(1)Standing at the top of the hill, you can catch sight of the whole city.

　　站在山頂，你能夠看見(jiàn)全城的景色。

　　(2)用sight相關(guān)短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空。

　　①________________ his mother, the boy stopped crying.

　　②She watched the train until it went ____________．

　　③I ______________ my former teacher just now, but very soon he turned the corner and I ____________ him.

　　　句型透視　

　　1 Rather than take the aeroplane all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train from west to east across Canada. 她們不想一路乘飛機(jī)，而是決定先飛到溫哥華，再?gòu)奈骱０冻嘶疖嚈M穿加拿大到達(dá)東海岸。

　　rather than 而不是

　　【句式點(diǎn)撥】

　　rather than “而不是……”，連接平行結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　rather than連接的并列成分可以是名詞、代詞、形容詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)名詞、分詞、不定式以及動(dòng)詞等。但需注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

　　(1) rather than連接兩個(gè)并列不定式時(shí)，rather than之后的不定式可省略to。