答案：①to produce computers　②to land on the moon 基礎知識鞏固 答案：therefore　 考查副詞。句意：我們希望我們會在工作市場上起更大的作用，因此提供更多的工作。 答案：ever　本題考查省略句。句意：這里的氣候宜人，________，在夏季氣溫極少達到30攝氏度。if ever如果曾經有；如果曾經發生。根據句中的關鍵詞quite pleasant(宜人)，rarely(極少)可知，空格處表達的意思是“如果曾經有(if ever)”。if ever相當于if it(the temperature) ever reached 30℃ in summer。 答案：stayed　本題考查虛擬語氣。句意：我們寧愿我們的女兒和我們一起待在家里，但是那是她的選擇，她已經不再是一個小孩子了。would rather后接that從句時，要用虛擬語氣，如果與現在或將來事實相反，從句用一般過去時態；如果與過去事實相反，從句用過去完成時。根據后面的it is her choice可以判斷這件事情還沒發生，因而從句用一般過去時。 答案：up　句意：狗熊在夏天和秋天開始脂肪的儲存以使他們有足夠的能量來度過冬眠。 答案：so　本題考查省略。句意：聽起來好像是車的發動機出毛病了。如果這樣的話，我們最好立刻把它帶到修車廠去。if so“如果這樣的話”。 答案：leading　本題考查非謂語動詞。根據本句的結構來看，引起的關注正是這條消息令公眾震驚的同時所引起的結果，即結果狀語，而作結果狀語，且表達主動意義。句意：這條消息令社會震驚，引起了人們對在校學生安全的極大關注。 答案：If　答語句意：如果可能的話，我要去看望鄉下的父母。if possible如果可能的話。 答案：inviting　考查非謂語動詞。句意：起初，我后悔邀請他們留下來，但是我們很快成為了朋友。regret doing后悔做了某事。 答案：decorating　考查動名詞作主語。句意：我這個周末過的很忙很累，因為裝飾圣誕房子花了我一整天。because引導原因狀語從句，從句中的cost是謂語，前面是主語，用動名詞作主語。 答案：became　考查虛擬語氣的用法。句意：難道你不想讓你的孩子在學業上成功，獲得獎學金嗎？would rather后面的從句用虛擬語氣，即用動詞的過去式形式。 答案：it　考查代詞。句意：新的技術已經讓以更低的成本更快地生產出新的產品成為可能。根據句意可知，it在句中作形式賓語，真正的賓語是后面的不定式。 答案：eating　句意：——為了有一個苗條的體形，范妮嘗試了許多方法，但都徒勞。——因此現在她被迫晚飯什么都不吃。be reduced to doing sth.淪落到做某事，陷入……的境地。 答案：from/of　free...from/of...使……免于……。 答案：it　本題考查代詞。句意：去年平均降了18.75厘米的雨，使其成為自1850年加利福尼亞成為州以來最干旱的一年。由語境可知，此處考查的是代詞的替代，替代前面提到的last year，為同名同物，同一者，用it。 5．Before going abroad, you must exchange your money with some dollars.__________________ 6．I found my father sitting at his table, was lost in thought.__________________ 7．It is raining outside. I would rather stay at home than going out.__________________ 8．This is what has called blog.__________________ 9．Nowadays most of the people are living happy life.__________________ 10．—Would you like him to paint your door with yellow stars?

　　—I'd rather he paints it blue, and without any decorations.__________________ 答案：1.hungry→hunger　2.has→is　3.suit→suitable或fit　4.referring后加上to　5.with→for　6.去掉was　7.going→go 8．has→is　9.happy前加上a　10.paints→painted 答案： Farmers in China used to lead a hard life and were always disturbed by hunger. For decades, they struggled to search for ways to increase the grain output, but without success. Thanks to Yuan Longping's research on the hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before, which means 22% of the world's population have got rid of hunger. Most of the farmers say they are now quite satisfied with their lives and would rather be farmers in the countryside.

　　③________ ________ ________ ________， I must leave now. 非常抱歉，我現在必須走了。 答案：①having given(＝giving)　②to tell　③Much to my regret/To my great regret

　　4．focus n. 焦點；中心　vt. 集中；聚焦 歸納拓展 focus on集中(精力、注意力)于 focus/fix/concentrate one's attention on 把注意力集中于

　　(2)翻譯句子。 只有通過更多地關注改正我們的錯誤，將來我們才能改善自我。 __________________________________________________ 答案：(1)①focus　②focus on　③focusing their attention on (2)Only by focusing more on correcting our mistakes can we better ourselves in the future.

　　5．reduce vt. 減少；縮減 歸納拓展 reduce sth. to sth.減少(尺寸、數量、價格等)到…… reduce ... to doing sth.使淪落為…… reduce sth. to sth.將……概括為/簡化成…… 答案：①to reduce　②eating　③by; to

　　6．comment n. 議論；評論　v. 發表意見 歸納拓展 make comments on/upon/about sb./sth.對某人(某事)作出評論 without comment未作任何解釋 no comment無可奉告(通常用于回答記者的提問) comment on/upon sth.對某事作出評論 答案：①make comments on/upon　②make comments on each other

　　7．expand vt. & vi.使變大；伸展 歸納拓展 expand into擴展成…… expand on/upon闡述，詳談 expansion n．擴大；擴張

　　③I don't quite follow your idea. Can you ________ ________ it? 我不大理解你的想法，你能詳細地加以說明嗎？ 答案：①expanded　②expand；into　③expand on 8．therefore adv.因此；所以；因而 辨析　therefore/so/thus therefore 是副詞。和上句連接時常用and therefore...形式，and前加一逗號；如沒有and，則上句尾用分號(；)。 so 是連詞。前一句尾常用逗號隔開，so不能與because連用。 thus 是副詞，常與and連用，呈現and thus＋從句形式，有時也會有．.., thus doing...形式，強調引起一個直接的結果。 答案：①therefore　②so　③thus 1.lead to導致；造成；通往 歸納拓展 lead sb. to do sth.使某人做某事 lead sb. to a place帶領某人去某地 lead the way領路 lead a ... life過著……生活

　　③In class I will divide the students into small groups and lead them ________ ________(practice) speaking English in an interesting way. 在課堂上我會把學生分成小組用有趣的方法讓他們練習說英語。 ④Diligence is the path ________(lead) to happiness. 答案：①lead to serious injury　②being caught　③to practice ④leading

　　2．rid ... of ... 免除；清除；擺脫 歸納拓展 rid oneself of使自己擺脫(從中解脫) get rid of擺脫；除掉

　　③The owner needs to ________ ________ ________ the car for financial reasons. 因為經濟原因，車主需要把汽車處理掉。 ④He ________ ________ ________ the mental burden. 他擺脫不了精神負擔。 答案：①to rid the world of　②rid him of　③get rid of　 ④wasn't rid of

　　3．thanks to幸虧；由于；因為 歸納拓展 同義短語：owing to, due to, as a result of, because of, on account of

　　③His heart was slightly damaged ________ ________ ________ ________(由于……的結果) her long sickness. 答案：①Thanks to　②because of the bad weather　③as a result of 4．build up增長；建設 歸納拓展 類似的短語： add up加起來；合計 come up上升；走近；發芽 pick up撿起；學會 take up拿起；開始；從事 look up查找；向上看 eat up吃光；吃完

　　④Rogers ________ ________ ________(從事繪畫) for a while, but soon lost interest. 答案：①build up fat stores　②build up his strength　③picked up some French　④took up painting

　　③I would rather you ________ ________ (finish) your homework yesterday. 我寧愿你昨天就把作業做完了。 答案：①Rather than；would borrow　②rather than ③had finished 1.Dr. Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice. 袁隆平博士種植的是被稱為“超級雜交水稻”的稻種。 句中what is called super hybrid rice為賓語從句，作grows的賓語。 歸納拓展 what可引導名詞性從句，意為“所……的”，what在從句中可以作主語，表語，賓語等。

　　④Perseverance is a kind of quality—that's ________ ________ ________(所需要的) to do anything. 答案：①what was a wasteland　②what seemed a long time　③what it used to be(＝what it was)　④what it takes

　　2．In 1973, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output. 1973年他成為世界上第一個種植高產水稻的農業先驅。 句中的to grow rice ...為動詞不定式作定語，修飾the first agricultural pioneer。 歸納拓展 名詞前有序數詞或形容詞最高級修飾，常用動詞不定式作定語，名詞與不定式有邏輯上的動賓關系。 Unit 2　Working the land 必修四 第一部分　基礎知識聚焦 考點探究演練 2 基礎知識鞏固 3 課時規范訓練 4 基礎知識晨記 1 基礎知識晨記 Ⅰ.單詞速記 A．快速識記 1．________ vt.擺脫；除去 2．________ n．數據；統計數據 3．________ adv.因此；所以 4．________ vt.掙扎；拼搏；努力 5．________ n．焦點；中心點；集中；聚焦 6．________n．評論 vt.& vi.作出評論；表達意見 7．________ n．發現；發掘→________ vt.發現；發覺 8．________ vt.& vi.配備；裝備→________ n．設備；裝備 rid

　　statistic(s)

　　therefore

　　struggle

　　focus

　　comment

　　discovery

　　discover

　　equip

　　equipment

　　9．________ adj.化學的；關于化學的→________ n．化學 10．________ vt.減少；減縮→ ________ n．減少；下降；縮小 11．________ n．自由；自主→________ adj.自由的 12．________ n．總結；摘要；概要→__________ vt.概括；總結 13．________ vt.& vi.循環；流轉→________ n．流通；傳播；循環 14．________ vt.& vi.使變大；伸展→________ n．擴大；擴張；膨脹 chemical

　　chemistry

　　reduce

　　reduction

　　freedom

　　free

　　summary

　　summarize

　　circulate

　　circulation

　　expand

　　expansion

　　15．________ n．營養；滋養→________ adj.營養豐富的；有營養的 16．________ n．工作；職業；占領→________ vt.占領；占據；使忙碌 17．________ vt & vi.輸出；出口→(反義詞)________ vt.& vi.輸入；進口 18．________ vt.遺憾；惋惜 n．遺憾；懊悔→________ adj.后悔的；遺憾的；惋惜的 19．________ n．生產；制造→________ vt.生產；創作→___________ adj.多產的→ ____________ n．生產力 20．________ adj.引起煩惱的；令人不安的→________ vt.打擾；妨礙；使惱怒→___________ n．干擾；擾亂 nutrition

　　nutritious

　　occupation

　　occupy

　　export

　　import

　　regret

　　regretful

　　production

　　produce

　　productive

　　productivity

　　disturbing

　　disturb

　　disturbance

　　B．歸類巧記 1．“擴展”詞匯全接觸 ①expand v． 擴展；擴張；膨脹 ②enlarge v.

　　擴大；放大 ③spread v.

　　擴展；蔓延；傳播 ④prolong v.

　　延長；拖延 ⑤extend v.

　　延伸；擴大

　　2．-dom后綴的名詞一覽 ①freedom

　　自由 ②newspaperdom

　　資訊界 ③kingdom

　　王國 ④officialdom

　　政界 ⑤wisdom

　　智慧 3．由后綴-ment構成的名詞面面觀 ①equip→equipment

　　裝備 ②develop→development

　　發展 ③argue→argument

　　爭論 ④establish→establishment

　　建立 ⑤employ→employment

　　雇用 ⑥improve→improvement

　　提高 ⑦amuse→amusement

　　娛樂 ⑧assess→assessment

　　評估

　　4．“評論”單詞知多少 ①comment n. 評論；意見；批評 ②remark n.

　　評論 ③review n.

　　回顧；復習；評論 ④criticism n.

　　批評；(尤指對書、電影等的)評論 Ⅱ.高頻短語 1．多虧；由于；因為_______________________ 2．擺脫；除去___________________ 3．對……感到滿意_______________________________ 4．在乎；在意____________________ 5．帶著……希望____________________ 6．盛產；富含____________________ 7．使……免受(影響/傷害等)_____ _______________ 8．每隔幾年____________________ 9．畢業于____________________ 10．尋找____________________ thanks to

　　rid ...of

　　be satisfied with(＝be content with)

　　care about

　　with the hope of　

　　be rich in

　　keep...free from/of

　　every few years

　　graduate from

　　search for

　　11．使做(某事)成為……____________________ 12．寧愿；寧可____________________ 13．集中(注意力/精力)于____________________ 14．(相比之下)更喜歡做某事_______________________ 15．逐漸增強；建立____________________ 16．導致；造成(后果)___ _________________ 17．對……評論____________________ 18．減少了/減少到____________________ 19．努力/掙扎著做某事____________________ 20．裝備有；配備有____________________ make it ...to do

　　would rather

　　focus on

　　prefer to do(rather than do)

　　build up

　　lead to

　　comment on

　　reduce ...by/reduce ...to

　　struggle to do sth.

　　be equipped with

　　Ⅲ.佳句填空 1．Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers, for ________ he has struggled ________ the past five decades.的確，他那被太陽曬得黝黑的臉龐和手臂，以及他那瘦削而又結實的身軀，就跟其他千百萬中國農民一樣，過去50年來，他一直在努力幫助他們。 2．Dr Yuan Longping grows ________ ________ ________super hybrid rice. 袁博士種植的是被稱為“超級雜交水稻”的稻種。

　　3．This special strain of rice makes ________ possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields. 這種特殊的稻種使得同樣的田地多收獲三分之一的產量。 4．Indeed, he believes that a person ________ too much money has more ________ ________ fewer troubles. 事實上，他相信，一個人有太多的錢只會有更多的麻煩，而不是麻煩更少。

　　5．Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil, ________(make)it ready for crops such as wheat or corn ________ need rich and fertile soil. 像豌豆或大豆這樣的農作物將重要的礦物質帶回土壤，從而使之適宜于種植要求土壤肥沃的農作物，比如玉米或小麥。 答案：1.whom; for　2.what is called　3.it　4.with; rather than 5．making; that

　　Ⅳ.語法過關 v．-ing形式作主語或賓語 1．People spend many years learning about favorite sports and ________(practice) how to do them well. 答案：practicing　考查非謂語動詞。spend...(in) doing sth.表示“花費……做某事”，根據and可知，空處應與learning并列，作省略了的介詞in的賓語。

　　2．________(bring) up in the countryside made Mr. Wilson

　　very hardworking when

　　he was

　　very young. 答案：Being brought　考查非謂語動詞。句意：Mr.Wilson在鄉下被撫養長大，這使他在很小的時候就很勤勞。分析句意及句子結構可知，bring up 與Mr.Wilson為邏輯上的動賓關系，又因為句子缺主語，故用Being brought up。

　　3．________(examine) twice a year，whether it is a car，a bus or a truck，is a rule that every driver must obey in this city. 答案：Being examined　考查非謂語動詞。句意：無論是汽車，公交車還是卡車，每年檢查兩次是這個城市的每個司機都要遵守的規則。根據句意可知此處應用examine的現在分詞的被動式Being examined作句子的主語。 4．To this day, I have a hard time ________(let) others be fond of me. 答案：letting　在句中have a hard time(in) doing sth.為固定結構，表示“做某事有困難”。 5．She can't help ________(clean) the house because she's busy making a cake in the kitchen. 答案：to clean　考查固定用法。句意：她不能幫忙打掃房間，因為她正在廚房忙著做蛋糕。help(to)do sth.“幫忙做某事”，是固定短語，符合句意。注意：此處不是can't help doing sth.“禁不住做某事”這個固定詞組。 Ⅴ.語篇填空 ①________ he is one of China's most famous scientists, Yuan Longping considers ②________ a farmer, for he works the land to do his research. Indeed, his ③________(sunburn) face and arms and his slim, strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers, for ④________ he has struggled for the past five decades. Dr Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice. In 1974, he ⑤________(become) the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has ⑥________ high output. This special strain of rice makes ⑦________ possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields. Now more than 60% of the rice ⑧________(produce) in China each year is from this hybrid strain. Born into a poor farmer's family in 1930, Dr Yuan graduated ⑨________ Southwest Agricultural College in 1953. Since then, finding ways ⑩________(grow) more rice has been his life goal.

　　答案：①Although　②himself　③sunburnt　④whom　⑤became　⑥a　⑦it　⑧produced　⑨from　⑩to grow 考點探究演練 1.struggle vi. & vt. 斗爭；拼搏；努力 歸納拓展 struggle for為……斗爭 struggle against/with 同……作斗爭 struggle to do sth. 努力做某事 struggle to one's feet 掙扎著站起來 struggle on繼續努力；拼命活下去 with a struggle 費勁地 ③Bravely, Mary ________ ________ ________ ________， and fought against the wind and rain beating against her. 瑪麗勇敢地掙扎著站起來，同撲向她的暴風雨搏斗著。 ④Helen Keller became deaf and blind when she was 19 months old, but she never gave up and ________ ________ ________ an active life. 海倫·凱勒19個月大時就變得又聾又瞎了，但她從不放棄并努力過積極的生活。 答案：①for　②against/with　③struggled to her feet　④struggled to lead/live 2．equip(equipped, equipped) vt. 配備；裝備 歸納拓展 (1)equip sb./oneself with ... 用……把某人/自己裝備起來；使裝備 equip sb. to do sth.使有能力做某事；使有所準備做某事 be equipped with ... 裝備……；安裝…… be equipped for ... 準備好……；對……有準備 (2)equipment n．裝備，設備(不可數名詞) a piece of equipment一件設備

　　[溫馨提示]equipment為equip的名詞形式，意為“設備”“器材”，是不可數名詞，表示“一件”這一數量時，其前加a piece of；類似用法的有：furniture，luggage，baggage，jewellery等。