2024屆高三廣東北師大版英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案：

　　M4 unit 11 The Media（2）

　　9. 有關(guān)break的短語

　　The machine broke down. 機(jī)器壞了。

　　Listen attentively; don’t break in so often.

　　注意聽,別老是插嘴。

　　We had to break into the house as we had

　　lost the key.

　　我們把鑰匙丟了,只好破門而入。

　　A fire broke out near here yesterday.

　　昨天此地附近發(fā)生了一場火災(zāi)。

　　Scientists say they are beginning to break through

　　in the fight against cancer.

　　科學(xué)家們說,他們在防治癌癥方面開始有所突破。

　　【溫馨提示】

　　英語中表示“爆發(fā),發(fā)生,進(jìn)行”等意義的詞或

　　詞組均屬于不及物,因此均不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。

　　常用的有：burst (感情等)突然發(fā)作；burst forth

　　向前迸發(fā)；burst out 突然發(fā)作(后常接doing)；

　　burst into 突然發(fā)作(后常接名詞)；break out 爆發(fā)；

　　happen 發(fā)生；take place 發(fā)生；go on 發(fā)生,進(jìn)行；

　　get on 進(jìn)行。

　　1. 這時(shí)我乘坐的汽車壞了。

　　Then the car I was in _____________.

　　2. 你必須改掉這樣的壞習(xí)慣。

　　You must ________________ such bad habits.

　　broke down

　　break away from

　　10. go through

　　①通過,穿過

　　It took us a whole week to go through the great

　　forest.

　　我們花了整整一星期才穿過一大片森林。

　　②仔細(xì)查閱,詳細(xì)討論

　　The police went through the pockets of the thief.

　　警察仔細(xì)搜查了小偷的口袋。

　　③經(jīng)歷,遭受

　　She went through a lot of suffering when she

　　was ill.

　　她生病時(shí)受了不少罪。

　　④完成,用光

　　He went through his salary in three days.

　　他3天內(nèi)把工資花光了。

　　用through的相關(guān)短語的適當(dāng)形式填空

　　1. I tried ringing you several times yesterday but I couldn't __________________.

　　2. I ____________ the newspaper but didn't find any ads for that product.

　　3. You'd better __________________ the letters you received yesterday.

　　4. The old man __________________ the sufferings during the war.

　　【答案】

　　1. get through　

　　2. looked / went through　

　　3. go through　

　　4. went through

　　1. But it’s worth waiting for.

　　但是這值得等待。

　　be worth doing 值得做

　　The book is worth reading. 這本書值得一讀。

　　be worth后面要用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)

　　意義。

　　注意以下句型：

　　be worth doing=be worthy to be done

　　=be worthy of being done

　　This problem is not worth worrying about.

　　=This problem is not worthy to be worried about.

　　=This problem is not worthy of being worried about.

　　這個(gè)問題不值得擔(dān)心。

　　這部電影很值得再看一次。

　　_____________________________________

　　這個(gè)問題不值得討論。

　　_____________________________________

　　This film is well worth seeing a second time.

　　The problem is not worth discussing.

　　3. …I do not think I can write more.

　　……我認(rèn)為我再也不能寫了。

　　I don’t think (that…) 我認(rèn)為不……

　　當(dāng)主語是第一人稱,謂語動(dòng)詞think / expect /

　　suppose / believe / be sure / fancy / guess /

　　imagine等后接的賓語從句出現(xiàn)否定時(shí),只能將

　　否定前移到主句,即I don’t think / expect/

　　suppose / believe (that)…

　　I don’t think he will be that foolish, will he?

　　我想他是不會(huì)那么愚蠢的,會(huì)嗎?

　　我想他今晚不會(huì)來了,會(huì)嗎?

　　_______________________________________

　　我想她不會(huì)拒絕你的邀請的。

　　_______________________________________

　　I don’t think he will come tonight, will he?

　　I don’t suppose she will refuse your invitation.

　　利用復(fù)合句提高句子檔次

　　有的學(xué)生在作文中使用過多簡單句，成了簡單句堆砌；有的寫復(fù)雜句時(shí)，動(dòng)輒用so, and，then，but，or，however，yet等非但達(dá)不到豐富表達(dá)方式的目的，反而使句子結(jié)構(gòu)松散、呆板。為了避免這種現(xiàn)象，可以通過使用一些表示從屬關(guān)系的連接詞，如 who, which, that, because, since, although, after, as, before, when, whenever, if, unless, as if等利用復(fù)合句來豐富句型，同時(shí)還能夠把思想表達(dá)得更

　　清楚，意義更連貫。在應(yīng)試寫作時(shí)，應(yīng)盡可能地運(yùn)用復(fù)合句以使文章更有邏輯性，同時(shí)也提高了文章的檔次。如：

　　【例1】Natural resources are very limited.They will be exhausted in the near future.It is not true.But it becomes a major concern around the world.This is a widely accepted fact.

　　這段文字用簡單句表達(dá)，它們之間內(nèi)在的邏輯關(guān)系含糊不清，意思支離破碎。如果使用連接詞，

　　將簡單句與其前后合并，形成主次關(guān)系，就把一個(gè)比較復(fù)雜的內(nèi)容和關(guān)系表達(dá)得層次清楚、結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。

　　It is a widely accepted fact that there is a major concern around the world for the exhaustion of limited natural resources in the near future, though it is unlikely to be true. 　

　　【例2】 The Mississippi River is one of the longest rivers in the world，and in springtime it often overflows its banks，and the lives of many people are endangered.

　　此句用and把三個(gè)分句一貫到底，單調(diào)乏味。如果使用了關(guān)系代詞which，語義就會(huì)更連貫，語言也會(huì)更流暢。

　　The Mississippi River, which is one of the longest rivers in the world, often overflows its banks in springtime, endangering the lives of many people.

　　此外，要寫好復(fù)合句，一定要注意所寫復(fù)合句符合英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)及復(fù)合句中句子成分的完整。

　　如“聽到喊聲，他跑出了屋子。”，如果一一對(duì)譯，則容易誤譯為：

　　When heard the cry, he ran out of the house.

　　從句與簡單句一樣，須講究句子結(jié)構(gòu)的完整性，只不過從句前有一個(gè)引導(dǎo)從句的連詞而已。在when heard…中，很明顯，缺少主語，需在when后加上he。

　　一、用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空

　　　 1. I am very interested in ________ he has improved his pronunciation in such a short time.

　　　 2. The fact ________ she had not said anything at the meeting surprised everybody.

　　　 3. You'll miss the train ________ you hurry up.

　　how

　　that

　　unless

　　4. Because of my poor memory, all ________ you told me has been forgotten.

　　　5. ________ you have done might do harm to other people.

　　that

　　What

　　二、把下列每組句子轉(zhuǎn)換成復(fù)合句

　　　1. This is our only request. This problem should be settled as soon as possible.

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　　2. I have spare time. I will go to see you.

　　___________________________________________

　　This is our only request that this problem should be settled as soon as possible.

　　If I have spare time, I will go to see you.

　　3. You study hard. You will pass the exam. (only if)

　　___________________________________________

　　　4. All his friends came to the party. This made Tom pleased.

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　Only if you study hard will you pass the exam.

　　All his friends came to the party, which made Tom pleased.

　　三、按括號(hào)中的提示翻譯下列句子

　　　1. 只要我們不失去信心，我們會(huì)找到克服困難的方法。(狀語從句)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　　2. 成功屬于那些努力工作的人。(定語從句)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　As long as we don't lose heart, we'll find a way to overcome the difficulty.

　　Success belongs to those who apply themselves to work.

　　3. 據(jù)報(bào)道這個(gè)國家三分之一的城市缺水。(主語從句)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　　4. 所有的這些都表明，我們的國家越來越富強(qiáng)。(賓語從句)

　　______________________________________________________________________

　　It is reported that one-third of the cities in the country are short of water supply.

　　All these show that our country is becoming stronger and stronge

　　2024屆高三廣東北師大版英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案：

　　M4 unit 11 The Media（2）

　　9. 有關(guān)break的短語

　　The machine broke down. 機(jī)器壞了。

　　Listen attentively; don’t break in so often.

　　注意聽,別老是插嘴。

　　We had to break into the house as we had

　　lost the key.

　　我們把鑰匙丟了,只好破門而入。

　　A fire broke out near here yesterday.

　　昨天此地附近發(fā)生了一場火災(zāi)。

　　Scientists say they are beginning to break through

　　in the fight against cancer.

　　科學(xué)家們說,他們在防治癌癥方面開始有所突破。

　　【溫馨提示】

　　英語中表示“爆發(fā),發(fā)生,進(jìn)行”等意義的詞或

　　詞組均屬于不及物,因此均不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。

　　常用的有：burst (感情等)突然發(fā)作；burst forth

　　向前迸發(fā)；burst out 突然發(fā)作(后常接doing)；

　　burst into 突然發(fā)作(后常接名詞)；break out 爆發(fā)；

　　happen 發(fā)生；take place 發(fā)生；go on 發(fā)生,進(jìn)行；

　　get on 進(jìn)行。

　　1. 這時(shí)我乘坐的汽車壞了。

　　Then the car I was in _____________.

　　2. 你必須改掉這樣的壞習(xí)慣。

　　You must ________________ such bad habits.

　　broke down

　　break away from

　　10. go through

　　①通過,穿過

　　It took us a whole week to go through the great

　　forest.

　　我們花了整整一星期才穿過一大片森林。

　　②仔細(xì)查閱,詳細(xì)討論

　　The police went through the pockets of the thief.

　　警察仔細(xì)搜查了小偷的口袋。

　　③經(jīng)歷,遭受

　　She went through a lot of suffering when she

　　was ill.

　　她生病時(shí)受了不少罪。

　　④完成,用光

　　He went through his salary in three days.

　　他3天內(nèi)把工資花光了。

　　用through的相關(guān)短語的適當(dāng)形式填空

　　1. I tried ringing you several times yesterday but I couldn't __________________.

　　2. I ____________ the newspaper but didn't find any ads for that product.

　　3. You'd better __________________ the letters you received yesterday.

　　4. The old man __________________ the sufferings during the war.

　　【答案】

　　1. get through　

　　2. looked / went through　

　　3. go through　

　　4. went through

　　1. But it’s worth waiting for.

　　但是這值得等待。

　　be worth doing 值得做

　　The book is worth reading. 這本書值得一讀。

　　be worth后面要用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)

　　意義。

　　注意以下句型：

　　be worth doing=be worthy to be done

　　=be worthy of being done

　　This problem is not worth worrying about.

　　=This problem is not worthy to be worried about.

　　=This problem is not worthy of being worried about.

　　這個(gè)問題不值得擔(dān)心。

　　這部電影很值得再看一次。

　　_____________________________________

　　這個(gè)問題不值得討論。

　　_____________________________________

　　This film is well worth seeing a second time.

　　The problem is not worth discussing.

　　3. …I do not think I can write more.

　　……我認(rèn)為我再也不能寫了。

　　I don’t think (that…) 我認(rèn)為不……

　　當(dāng)主語是第一人稱,謂語動(dòng)詞think / expect /

　　suppose / believe / be sure / fancy / guess /

　　imagine等后接的賓語從句出現(xiàn)否定時(shí),只能將

　　否定前移到主句,即I don’t think / expect/

　　suppose / believe (that)…

　　I don’t think he will be that foolish, will he?

　　我想他是不會(huì)那么愚蠢的,會(huì)嗎?

　　我想他今晚不會(huì)來了,會(huì)嗎?

　　_______________________________________

　　我想她不會(huì)拒絕你的邀請的。

　　_______________________________________

　　I don’t think he will come tonight, will he?

　　I don’t suppose she will refuse your invitation.

　　利用復(fù)合句提高句子檔次

　　有的學(xué)生在作文中使用過多簡單句，成了簡單句堆砌；有的寫復(fù)雜句時(shí)，動(dòng)輒用so, and，then，but，or，however，yet等非但達(dá)不到豐富表達(dá)方式的目的，反而使句子結(jié)構(gòu)松散、呆板。為了避免這種現(xiàn)象，可以通過使用一些表示從屬關(guān)系的連接詞，如 who, which, that, because, since, although, after, as, before, when, whenever, if, unless, as if等利用復(fù)合句來豐富句型，同時(shí)還能夠把思想表達(dá)得更

　　清楚，意義更連貫。在應(yīng)試寫作時(shí)，應(yīng)盡可能地運(yùn)用復(fù)合句以使文章更有邏輯性，同時(shí)也提高了文章的檔次。如：

　　【例1】Natural resources are very limited.They will be exhausted in the near future.It is not true.But it becomes a major concern around the world.This is a widely accepted fact.

　　這段文字用簡單句表達(dá)，它們之間內(nèi)在的邏輯關(guān)系含糊不清，意思支離破碎。如果使用連接詞，

　　將簡單句與其前后合并，形成主次關(guān)系，就把一個(gè)比較復(fù)雜的內(nèi)容和關(guān)系表達(dá)得層次清楚、結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。

　　It is a widely accepted fact that there is a major concern around the world for the exhaustion of limited natural resources in the near future, though it is unlikely to be true. 　

　　【例2】 The Mississippi River is one of the longest rivers in the world，and in springtime it often overflows its banks，and the lives of many people are endangered.

　　此句用and把三個(gè)分句一貫到底，單調(diào)乏味。如果使用了關(guān)系代詞which，語義就會(huì)更連貫，語言也會(huì)更流暢。

　　The Mississippi River, which is one of the longest rivers in the world, often overflows its banks in springtime, endangering the lives of many people.

　　此外，要寫好復(fù)合句，一定要注意所寫復(fù)合句符合英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)及復(fù)合句中句子成分的完整。

　　如“聽到喊聲，他跑出了屋子。”，如果一一對(duì)譯，則容易誤譯為：

　　When heard the cry, he ran out of the house.

　　從句與簡單句一樣，須講究句子結(jié)構(gòu)的完整性，只不過從句前有一個(gè)引導(dǎo)從句的連詞而已。在when heard…中，很明顯，缺少主語，需在when后加上he。

　　一、用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空

　　　 1. I am very interested in ________ he has improved his pronunciation in such a short time.

　　　 2. The fact ________ she had not said anything at the meeting surprised everybody.

　　　 3. You'll miss the train ________ you hurry up.

　　how

　　that

　　unless

　　4. Because of my poor memory, all ________ you told me has been forgotten.

　　　5. ________ you have done might do harm to other people.

　　that

　　What

　　二、把下列每組句子轉(zhuǎn)換成復(fù)合句

　　　1. This is our only request. This problem should be settled as soon as possible.

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　　2. I have spare time. I will go to see you.

　　___________________________________________

　　This is our only request that this problem should be settled as soon as possible.

　　If I have spare time, I will go to see you.

　　3. You study hard. You will pass the exam. (only if)

　　___________________________________________

　　　4. All his friends came to the party. This made Tom pleased.

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　Only if you study hard will you pass the exam.

　　All his friends came to the party, which made Tom pleased.

　　三、按括號(hào)中的提示翻譯下列句子

　　　1. 只要我們不失去信心，我們會(huì)找到克服困難的方法。(狀語從句)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　　2. 成功屬于那些努力工作的人。(定語從句)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　As long as we don't lose heart, we'll find a way to overcome the difficulty.

　　Success belongs to those who apply themselves to work.

　　3. 據(jù)報(bào)道這個(gè)國家三分之一的城市缺水。(主語從句)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　　4. 所有的這些都表明，我們的國家越來越富強(qiáng)。(賓語從句)

　　______________________________________________________________________

　　It is reported that one-third of the cities in the country are short of water supply.

　　All these show that our country is becoming stronger and stronge