-*- Ⅰ Ⅱ 7.(2024·重慶一中一診改編)I’m glad to introduce Mr.Smith to you,without consideration our project would have ended in failure. 8.(2024·安徽淮北二模改編)—When did you know Mr.Wang? —It was last monthhe was knocked down by a motorbike.

　　答案 解析 解析 關閉 7.句意:我很高興把史密斯先生介紹給你們,沒有他的考慮我們的項目就會以失敗告終。先行詞為Mr.Smith,在定語從句中應表示為“without his consideration”,做定語,故用whose。 8.句意:——你什么時間認識王老師的? ——那是在上個月他被一輛摩托車撞倒時認識的。將答語還原就是:“It was last month when he was knocked down by a motorbike that I knew Mr.Wang.”。last month when he was knocked down by a motorbike是句子的被強調部分,when引導的是被強調部分的定語從句,先行詞是last month,且從句中缺少時間狀語,故填when。

　　答案 解析 關閉 7.whose　8.when

　　-*- Ⅰ Ⅱ 9.(2024·湖南衡陽五校聯考改編)Life is like a long race we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.? 10.(2024·山西四校聯考改編)Julie enjoyed reading when young.She grew up in a key middle school in her city, her parents both taught Chinese.?

　　答案 解析 解析 關閉 9.句意:生命就像長跑比賽,在比賽過程中,我們與他人競爭并由此超越自己。　we compete with others to go beyond ourselves是定語從句,先行詞是表示抽象地點的race且從句中缺少狀語,所以填where。? 10.本句是一個定語從句,先行詞是a key middle school是一個表示地點的名詞,后面的定語從句中句子結構很完整,所以使用關系副詞where來引導這個定語從句。

　　答案 解析 關閉 9.Where

　　10.where

　　-*- Ⅰ Ⅱ 11.(2024·北京東城下學期綜合測試改編)My uncle has a large greenhouse in his garden he grows vegetables in winter.? 12.(2024·四川宜賓一診改編)The results of the experiment proved to be very good, was more than we expected.? 13.(2024·福州第二次質檢改編)Running Man is such a funny reality show　has the gravity to pull you in front of your television. 14.(2024·成都二診改編)There are times you have to act from the heart.?

　　答案 解析 解析 關閉 11.句意:我的叔叔在他的花園里有一個大的溫室,在那里他冬季種植蔬菜。先行詞是a large greenhouse,定語從句中缺少地點狀語,應用where引導。 12.句意:實驗的結果證明很好,這遠遠超出我們的想象。題干中的逗號前是主句,逗號后是定語從句,所以填which,which表示主句造成的結果,代表主句的內容。 13.句意:《奔跑吧,兄弟》是一檔如此有趣的真人秀節目,以至于有吸引你觀看電視的引力。先行詞show被such修飾,定語從句應用as引導。 14.句意:人有些時候得憑良心做事。times為先行詞,定語從句中缺少時間狀語,應用when引導。

　　答案 解析 關閉 11.where　12.which　13.as　14.when

　　-*- Ⅰ Ⅱ 15.(2024·江西臨川一中期中改編)There’s no longer a particular year one goes to school or goes to work or gets married or starts a family.? 16.(2024·安徽淮北二模改編) Five men dragged a Volvo XC60 car,the owner claimed has a technical fault in Xi’an on Monday.? 17.(2024·江蘇淮安二調改編)In 2024,such important reform policies associated with the interests of the general public were introduced in China 　almost each person could benefit from in life.? 18.(2024·河南頂級名校模擬改編)Anne Bowman,a writer,　 recently made a study,asked 125 undergraduate students to rank two groups of photographs,one of men and one of women,in the order of attractiveness.?

　　答案 解析 解析 關閉 15.先行詞為year,空后的定語從句中缺少時間狀語,故填when。 16.句意:五個男士拉了一輛Volvo XC60小汽車,它的主人宣稱該車周一在西安出了技術問題。定語從句中claim的賓語從句中缺少has的主語,先行詞是car,非限制性定語從句中缺少主語,故填which。 17.句意:在2024年,如此重要的涉及公眾利益的改革策略引入到中國,幾乎每一個人在生活中都會從中獲益。根據先行詞前面的such可知,此處要用as來引導限制性定語從句。 18.此處為定語從句,先行詞為writer,非限制性定語從句中缺少主語,故用who。

　　答案 解析 關閉 15.when　16.which　17.as　18.who

　　-*- Ⅰ Ⅱ 19.(2024·浙江嘉興教學測試改編)Nowadays many volunteers are working in areas have dry climates.? 20.(2024·陜西改編)Please send us all the information 　you have about the candidate for the position.

　　21.(2024·重慶改編)We’ll reach the sales targets in a month we set at the beginning of the year.? 22.(2024·浙江改編)I didn’t become a serious climber until the fifth grade, I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.

　　答案 解析 解析 關閉 19.句意:現在許多志愿者正在干旱氣候地區工作。先行詞為areas,定語從句中缺少主語,應填which或that。 20.由句子成分可知,定語從句缺少賓語,先行詞被all修飾時,用that不用which,故填that。 21.句意:我們將在一個月內完成我們在年初定下的銷售目標。分析句子結構可知,定語從句中set后面缺少賓語,先行詞是the sales targets,故用which或that引導。 22.先行詞為the fifth grade,在后面定語從句中做時間狀語,故用關系副詞when。句意:我直到五年級才成為一名嚴格意義上的攀爬手,當時我爬到樹上去取一個落在樹杈上的風箏。

　　答案 解析 關閉 19.which/that　20.that　21.which/that　22.when -*- Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅱ.用定語從句及括號內的提示完成下列句子 1.This is the best film that I have seen(我看過的) in the past few years.(see)? 2.The result must have been disappointing,as/which could be seen from(從……可以看出) the disappointing look on his face.(see)? 3.You’d better ask your teachers and parents for advice,by which means(通過這種方式) you will make a wiser decision.(means)? 4.Nowadays almost everyone prefers to use a smart mobile phone whose functions are more practical(它的功能更加實用).(function)? 5.This is the reason why he is leaving now(他為什么現在離開).(leave) -*- Ⅰ Ⅱ 6.Mary Brown moved to a place which/that lies near the sea(靠近大海),so she could go swimming every day.(lie)? 7.He got himself into a difficult situation where he must make a final decision all by himself(在這種情形下他必須完全靠自己做出最終決定).(make a decision)? 8.It’s the same person as we wanted to find(我們昨天要找的)yesterday.(find)? 9.Learning strategies,to which(the) teachers attach/have attached importance(老師們認為重要的),have not yet drawn enough attention of students.(attach)? 10.Anyone who wants to show his personal talent(凡是想展示個人才華的人) can go in for the CCTV programme “Amazing Chinese”. 核心考點 語法專題十　定語從句 -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 考點八 考點一?關系代詞與關系副詞的區別　 關系代詞有who,whom,which,that和whose,另外,as也可充當關系代詞。關系代詞在定語從句中充當主語、賓語、表語和定語。關系副詞有when,where和why,在定語從句中充當狀語。 1.who指人,在定語從句中做主語或賓語。 (2024·湖南)Happiness and success often come to those who are good at recognizing their own strengths. 幸福和成功經常屬于那些善于認識自己長處的人。 2.whom指人,在定語從句中做賓語,?？墒÷?。 Do you know the boy(whom) we met at the gate? 你認識我們在門口碰到的那個男孩嗎? -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 3.which 指物,在定語從句中做主語或賓語,做賓語時?？墒÷?。 (2024·安徽)The exact year(which/that) Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008. 安杰拉和她的家人在中國共同度過的確切年份是2008年。 4.that 指人時,相當于who 或whom;指物時,相當于which。在定語從句中做主語或賓語,做賓語時?？墒÷?。 She is the pop star(that) I want to see very much. 她就是那位我非常想見的明星。 (2024·江西)Among the many dangers(which/that) sailors have to face,probably the greatest of all is fog. 在海員們要面對的許多危險中,最嚴重的可能就是霧。 -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 5.whose可指人或物,修飾名詞或代詞,在定語從句中充當定語?！皐hose+名詞”可改為“the+名詞+of which/whom”或“of which/whom the+名詞”。 (2024·四川)The books on the desk,whose covers are shiny,are prizes for us. 桌子上的這些書是給我們的獎品,它們的封面很亮。 (2024·山東)A company whose profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad. 國內市場利潤下降的公司會尋求到國外發展的機會。 The house whose windows are very large is my uncle’s.=The house of which the windows are very large is my uncle’s.那個窗子非常大的房子是我叔叔的。 -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 6.as可指人也可指物,在定語從句中做主語、賓語或表語。 (1)引導限制性定語從句,先行詞前常有as,the same,so,such修飾,且在從句中做主語、賓語或表語時,關系代詞要用as。 It was so difficult a problem as nobody in my class could work out.(as做work out的賓語) 這個問題很難以至于我們班里沒有人能解出來。 注意:so/such...that結構中,that引導結果狀語從句,只起連接作用,不充當從句的任何成分。 It was so difficult a problem that nobody in my class could work it out.(work out 已經有賓語,that只起連接作用) -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 (2)as可以引導非限制性定語從句,代指整個主句的內容,從句中常用的謂語動詞為see,say,hear,expect,know,report等,常譯為“正如,正像”,其引導的從句可以放在主句前面也可以放在主句后面。 (2024·江蘇)The number of smokers,as is reported,has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. 正如所報道的,吸煙者的數量在僅僅一年中下降了百分之十七。

　　-*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 7.when指時間,在定語從句中做時間狀語。其先行詞是表示時間的名詞time,day,week,year,month等,常用on which,in which,at which,during which等代替。 (2024·陜西)As the smallest child of his family,Alex is always longing for the time when he should be able to be independent. 作為家中最小的孩子,亞歷克斯總是渴望自己能夠獨立的日子。 (2024·湖南)I am looking forward to the day when/on which my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her. 我一直期盼那一天,我的女兒能夠讀懂這本書并且知道我對她的情感。 -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 8.where 指地點,在定語從句中做地點狀語。其先行詞是表示地點的名詞,可以用“介詞+關系代詞”代替。 The house where/in which he lives is near the river. 他住的房子在河邊。 注意:高考對where的考查趨于復雜,先行詞由“明顯的地點”轉為“模糊的地點”,或者說“抽象的地點”。這些名詞有:stage,case,position,situation,point,occasion,activity 等。 (2024·福建)Students should involve themselves in community activities where/in which they can gain experience for growth. 學生應該參與社區活動,在這些活動中他們能獲取成長的經驗。 -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 9.why 指原因,在定語從句中做原因狀語,可用for which來替代。why不可引導非限制性定語從句。 Tell me the reason why/for which you came late. 告訴我你來晚了的原因。 注意:用關系代詞還是關系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動詞。及物動詞后面無賓語,就必須要用關系代詞;而不及物動詞則要求用關系副詞。 -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 考點二?關系代詞必須用that的情況? 1.當先行詞是everything,anything,nothing,something,all,none,few,little,some等不定代詞時,或當先行詞被every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等不定代詞修飾時。 We should do all that is useful to the people. 我們應該做一切有益于人民的事情。 2.先行詞被the only,the very,the same,the last等修飾時。 This is the last place that I want to visit. 這是我最不想參觀的地方。 -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 3.先行詞是最高級或被最高級修飾時。 This is the best novel that I have ever read. 這是我讀過的最好的一部小說。 4.先行詞是數詞或被序數詞修飾時。 This is the third dictionary that I have used. 這是我用過的第三本字典。 5.當先行詞同時含有表示人和物的名詞時。 We talked about the things and persons that we were interested in. 我們談論了我們感興趣的人和事。 -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 6.以who或which開頭的特殊疑問句中含有定語從句,為避免重復時。 Who is the man that is standing under the tree? 站在樹下的那個人是誰? 注意:Qingdao is the most beautiful city where I have ever worked.(即使有最高級修飾先行詞city,但從句中work為不及物動詞,先行詞只做其地點狀語,故要用關系副詞) 前面所述幾種情況已有前提:需要用關系代詞時,遇到這幾種情況才選用that。 -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 考點三?關系代詞不能用that的情況 1.在“介詞+關系代詞”的結構中,關系代詞只能用指物的which和指人的whom。 This is the train by which we went to Beijing. 這就是我們去北京乘的那列火車。 2.在非限制性定語從句(即通常用逗號與主句隔開,若去掉整個句子仍能表達完整意義的定語從句)中。 (2024·北京)I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week,which my classmates recommended to me. 上周我在圖書館里借了《夏洛克·福爾摩斯》這本書,書是我的同學向我推薦的。 -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 3.指人時,當先行詞為everybody,anybody,everyone,anyone等時,關系代詞要用who,不用that。 Is there anyone who can answer this question? 有誰能回答這個問題? 4.先行詞本身是指示代詞that或those時,關系代詞應用which。 What’s that which she is looking at? 她正在看什么? -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 考點四?as與which引導非限制性定語從句的區別 1.位置不同。which 引導的定語從句只置于所限制的句子后;as引導的定語從句位置較靈活,也就是說as從句可置于所限制的句子前、插在句子中或放在句子后。 (2024·湖南)It is a truly delightful place,which looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages. 它確實是一個宜人的地方。與一百年前的樣子一樣,有著彎彎曲曲的小徑和漂亮的村舍。 Mike,as you know,is an honest man./Mike is an honest man,as you know./As you know,Mike is an honest man. 如你所知,邁克是個誠實的人。 -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 2.先行詞不同。as引導非限制性定語從句時,其先行詞多為一個句子;which引導非限制性定語從句時,其先行詞可以是一個詞、一個短語或一個句子。 As we all know,he is very proud.(先行詞為一個句子) 眾所周知,他很自大。 He was proud,which his brother never was.(先行詞是一個詞) 他是自大的,而他弟弟從不自大。 -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 3.意義不同。as一般譯為“正如,就像”;which一般譯為“這一點,這件事”。 John,as you know,is my best friend. 正如你所知,約翰是我最好的朋友。 He has been to Paris more than ten times,which I don’t believe. 他已去過巴黎十多次了,這一點我不相信。 -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 4.關系不同。當主句和從句之間存在著邏輯上的因果關系時,關系詞往往只用which。 Tom was late for school,which made his teacher very angry. 湯姆上學遲到了,這使他老師很生氣。 注意:as多用于下列習慣用語中: ①as anybody can see正如大家能看到的那樣 ②as we had expected正如我們所預料的那樣 ③as often happens正如經常發生的那樣 ④as has been said before如之前所述 ⑤as is mentioned above正如上面所提到的 -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 考點五

　　“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句? 1.在“介詞+關系代詞”結構中,關系代詞指人時用whom,不可用who或者that;指物時用which,不能用that;關系代詞是所有格時用whose。 The person to whom you’ll write is Mr Ball. The old man was talking with Mr Smith,in whose hospital I was operated on. 2.“介詞+關系代詞”前可有some,any,none,both,all,neither,most,each,few等代詞及名詞、數詞。 He has two sons,both of whom were killed in the war. I live in a house,the window of which faces the south. -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 3.“介詞+關系代詞”結構中介詞的選擇可根據定語從句中謂語動詞和介詞的習慣搭配、先行詞和介詞的習慣搭配來確定,有時也需要結合句意。 In the street there wasn’t any person to whom she could turn for help. The boss in whose company my father worked is a very kind person. -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 4.“復合介詞短語+關系代詞which”引導的定語從句中,定語從句常和先行詞用逗號分開,定語從句常用倒裝語序。 He lives in a big house,in front of which stands a tall apple tree. 注意:在一些固定搭配的動詞短語中,由于動詞和介詞不能分割,因此不能把介詞置于關系代詞之前。 This is the book(which/that) I’m looking for. 不可以說:This is the book for which I’m looking. 5.from where 雖為“介詞+關系副詞”結構,但也可引導定語從句,where往往指代前面表示具體位置的介詞短語。 He stood on top of the hill,from where he could see the whole village.(where指代on top of the hill,指的是“從山頂那個地方看”,而不是指“山”) -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 考點六?定語從句與其他句型的區別 1.定語從句與同位語從句的區別。二者都跟在名詞后面,區別是:定語從句修飾先行詞,是對其進行修飾限定;同位語從句則是對前面名詞的解釋說明,是其內容。同位語從句前的名詞常為抽象名詞,如:idea,fact,truth,evidence,news,thought。同位語從句主要由that引導,在從句中不作成分,有時也可以由when,where,how,why,whether,what等詞引導,在從句中充當成分。 The news that our team won made us excited.(our team won是news的內容,that不充當從句的成分,為同位語從句?？衫斫鉃?The news was that our team won.) The news that he told me was exciting.(he told me 缺少一個直接賓語,由that充當,故為定語從句。不能將其理解為:The news was that he told me.) -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 2.定語從句與并列句和簡單句的區別。區別的關鍵是看標點和連接詞。 Our class has sixty students,most of whom study hard.(逗號后為另一個句子,兩個句子之間要用連接代詞whom,為定語從句) Our class has sixty students,and most of them study hard.(逗號后為另一個句子,且已經有并列連詞and,故用them即可,為并列句) Our class has sixty students.Most of them study hard.(兩句之間為句號,代表兩個獨立的簡單句,故不需要連接詞) -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 3.定語從句與狀語從句的區別。定語從句前面必有先行詞,而狀語從句(如時間狀語從句和地點狀語從句)則是作整個句子的狀語,前面沒有先行詞。 Do you know the time when he will come back?(定語從句,前面有先行詞time) I will go shopping when he comes back.(時間狀語從句,表示主句動作發生的時間,前面沒有先行詞) Put the book where it belongs.(地點狀語從句,指的是“放書”的地點,前面無先行詞,因此不能用to which) Put the book in the place where it belongs.(定語從句,前面有先行詞place) -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 4.定語從句與強調句的區別。當it is/was后出現表示地點或時間的名詞時,其后所接的從句是定語從句還是強調句,要看將it is/was和that(可以先假設)去掉之后句式是否完整(不缺少成分),若句式完整則為強調句。 It was Sunday when he came back.(定語從句) It was on Sunday that he came back.(強調句式,強調的是時間狀語on Sunday,去掉It was和that后句式完整) -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 考點七

　　幾種特殊情況? 1.當先行詞為way,意為“方法、方式”,且在定語從句中作主語、賓語時,可用關系代詞which或that;做狀語時,要用in which 或that或不填任何關系詞。 The way(that/in which) he finished the task successfully was difficult to understand.(做狀語) The way that/which he explained to me was not difficult to understand.(做賓語) 2.當先行詞為time時,若表示“一段時間”,后面定語從句用when引導,也可用at/during which;若表示“次數”,后面定語從句用that引導,that可以省略。 There was a time when we had no TV sets. This is the second time(that) the president has visited our country. -*- Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅰ.用適當的關系代詞或關系副詞填空 1.(2024·課標全國Ⅰ改編)I’d skipped nearby Guilin,a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.? 2.(2024·安徽改編)Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon school education depends.?

　　答案 解析 解析 關閉 1.分析句子結構可知,此處為定語從句,且從句中缺少主語,并修飾物,故用that/which。 2.本題的主句是“Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill”,“upon　school education depends” 是定語從句。在這類從句中,先行詞指人時用whom,指物時則用which。在本句中先行詞為the fundamental skill,且前面有upon,因此填which。句意:一些專家認為,閱讀是學校教育所依賴的基本技能。

　　答案 解析 關閉 1.that/which

　　2.which

　　-*- Ⅰ Ⅱ 3.(2024·重慶改編)He wrote many children’s books,nearly half of were published in the 1990s.? 4.(2024·北京改編) Opposite is St.Paul’s Church,you can hear some lovely music.?

　　答案 解析 解析 關閉 3.句意:他寫了很多本兒童讀物,其中將近一半是于20世紀90年代出版的。此處考查“介詞+關系代詞”引導非限制性定語從句,先行詞為books,指物,故填which。 4.句意:對面是圣保羅教堂,在那里你可以聽到一些動聽的音樂。分析句意及句子結構可知,所填詞引導定語從句,修飾St.Paul’s Church;St.Paul’s Church是一個表示地點的名詞,且從句中缺少狀語,故填where。

　　答案 解析 關閉 3.Which

　　4.where

　　-*- Ⅰ Ⅱ 5.(2024·山西師大附中月考改編)Scientists have searched for a long time for a reason 　so many bees are disappearing. 6.(2024·廣州一模改編)When performing a scene there were few laughs,he would often make up his own jokes,which always entertained the audience,but sometimes also ruined the scene.?

　　答案 解析 解析 關閉 5.分析句子結構可知空格后為定語從句。先行詞是a reason,關系詞在定語從句so many bees are disappearing中做狀語,故用why來引導。 6.空后是定語從句。從句中缺少地點狀語,故填where。

　　答案 解析 關閉 5.Why

　　6.where

　　核心考點

　　-*- Ⅰ Ⅱ 7.(2024·重慶一中一診改編)I’m glad to introduce Mr.Smith to you,without consideration our project would have ended in failure. 8.(2024·安徽淮北二模改編)—When did you know Mr.Wang? —It was last monthhe was knocked down by a motorbike.

　　答案 解析 解析 關閉 7.句意:我很高興把史密斯先生介紹給你們,沒有他的考慮我們的項目就會以失敗告終。先行詞為Mr.Smith,在定語從句中應表示為“without his consideration”,做定語,故用whose。 8.句意:——你什么時間認識王老師的? ——那是在上個月他被一輛摩托車撞倒時認識的。將答語還原就是:“It was last month when he was knocked down by a motorbike that I knew Mr.Wang.”。last month when he was knocked down by a motorbike是句子的被強調部分,when引導的是被強調部分的定語從句,先行詞是last month,且從句中缺少時間狀語,故填when。

　　答案 解析 關閉 7.whose　8.when

　　-*- Ⅰ Ⅱ 9.(2024·湖南衡陽五校聯考改編)Life is like a long race we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.? 10.(2024·山西四校聯考改編)Julie enjoyed reading when young.She grew up in a key middle school in her city, her parents both taught Chinese.?

　　答案 解析 解析 關閉 9.句意:生命就像長跑比賽,在比賽過程中,我們與他人競爭并由此超越自己?！e compete with others to go beyond ourselves是定語從句,先行詞是表示抽象地點的race且從句中缺少狀語,所以填where。? 10.本句是一個定語從句,先行詞是a key middle school是一個表示地點的名詞,后面的定語從句中句子結構很完整,所以使用關系副詞where來引導這個定語從句。

　　答案 解析 關閉 9.Where

　　10.where

　　-*- Ⅰ Ⅱ 11.(2024·北京東城下學期綜合測試改編)My uncle has a large greenhouse in his garden he grows vegetables in winter.? 12.(2024·四川宜賓一診改編)The results of the experiment proved to be very good, was more than we expected.? 13.(2024·福州第二次質檢改編)Running Man is such a funny reality show　has the gravity to pull you in front of your television. 14.(2024·成都二診改編)There are times you have to act from the heart.?

　　答案 解析 解析 關閉 11.句意:我的叔叔在他的花園里有一個大的溫室,在那里他冬季種植蔬菜。先行詞是a large greenhouse,定語從句中缺少地點狀語,應用where引導。 12.句意:實驗的結果證明很好,這遠遠超出我們的想象。題干中的逗號前是主句,逗號后是定語從句,所以填which,which表示主句造成的結果,代表主句的內容。 13.句意:《奔跑吧,兄弟》是一檔如此有趣的真人秀節目,以至于有吸引你觀看電視的引力。先行詞show被such修飾,定語從句應用as引導。 14.句意:人有些時候得憑良心做事。times為先行詞,定語從句中缺少時間狀語,應用when引導。

　　答案 解析 關閉 11.where　12.which　13.as　14.when

　　-*- Ⅰ Ⅱ 15.(2024·江西臨川一中期中改編)There’s no longer a particular year one goes to school or goes to work or gets married or starts a family.? 16.(2024·安徽淮北二模改編) Five men dragged a Volvo XC60 car,the owner claimed has a technical fault in Xi’an on Monday.? 17.(2024·江蘇淮安二調改編)In 2024,such important reform policies associated with the interests of the general public were introduced in China 　almost each person could benefit from in life.? 18.(2024·河南頂級名校模擬改編)Anne Bowman,a writer,　 recently made a study,asked 125 undergraduate students to rank two groups of photographs,one of men and one of women,in the order of attractiveness.?

　　答案 解析 解析 關閉 15.先行詞為year,空后的定語從句中缺少時間狀語,故填when。 16.句意:五個男士拉了一輛Volvo XC60小汽車,它的主人宣稱該車周一在西安出了技術問題。定語從句中claim的賓語從句中缺少has的主語,先行詞是car,非限制性定語從句中缺少主語,故填which。 17.句意:在2024年,如此重要的涉及公眾利益的改革策略引入到中國,幾乎每一個人在生活中都會從中獲益。根據先行詞前面的such可知,此處要用as來引導限制性定語從句。 18.此處為定語從句,先行詞為writer,非限制性定語從句中缺少主語,故用who。

　　答案 解析 關閉 15.when　16.which　17.as　18.who

　　-*- Ⅰ Ⅱ 19.(2024·浙江嘉興教學測試改編)Nowadays many volunteers are working in areas have dry climates.? 20.(2024·陜西改編)Please send us all the information 　you have about the candidate for the position.

　　21.(2024·重慶改編)We’ll reach the sales targets in a month we set at the beginning of the year.? 22.(2024·浙江改編)I didn’t become a serious climber until the fifth grade, I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.

　　答案 解析 解析 關閉 19.句意:現在許多志愿者正在干旱氣候地區工作。先行詞為areas,定語從句中缺少主語,應填which或that。 20.由句子成分可知,定語從句缺少賓語,先行詞被all修飾時,用that不用which,故填that。 21.句意:我們將在一個月內完成我們在年初定下的銷售目標。分析句子結構可知,定語從句中set后面缺少賓語,先行詞是the sales targets,故用which或that引導。 22.先行詞為the fifth grade,在后面定語從句中做時間狀語,故用關系副詞when。句意:我直到五年級才成為一名嚴格意義上的攀爬手,當時我爬到樹上去取一個落在樹杈上的風箏。

　　答案 解析 關閉 19.which/that　20.that　21.which/that　22.when -*- Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅱ.用定語從句及括號內的提示完成下列句子 1.This is the best film that I have seen(我看過的) in the past few years.(see)? 2.The result must have been disappointing,as/which could be seen from(從……可以看出) the disappointing look on his face.(see)? 3.You’d better ask your teachers and parents for advice,by which means(通過這種方式) you will make a wiser decision.(means)? 4.Nowadays almost everyone prefers to use a smart mobile phone whose functions are more practical(它的功能更加實用).(function)? 5.This is the reason why he is leaving now(他為什么現在離開).(leave) -*- Ⅰ Ⅱ 6.Mary Brown moved to a place which/that lies near the sea(靠近大海),so she could go swimming every day.(lie)? 7.He got himself into a difficult situation where he must make a final decision all by himself(在這種情形下他必須完全靠自己做出最終決定).(make a decision)? 8.It’s the same person as we wanted to find(我們昨天要找的)yesterday.(find)? 9.Learning strategies,to which(the) teachers attach/have attached importance(老師們認為重要的),have not yet drawn enough attention of students.(attach)? 10.Anyone who wants to show his personal talent(凡是想展示個人才華的人) can go in for the CCTV programme “Amazing Chinese”. 核心考點 語法專題十　定語從句 -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 考點八 考點一?關系代詞與關系副詞的區別　 關系代詞有who,whom,which,that和whose,另外,as也可充當關系代詞。關系代詞在定語從句中充當主語、賓語、表語和定語。關系副詞有when,where和why,在定語從句中充當狀語。 1.who指人,在定語從句中做主語或賓語。 (2024·湖南)Happiness and success often come to those who are good at recognizing their own strengths. 幸福和成功經常屬于那些善于認識自己長處的人。 2.whom指人,在定語從句中做賓語,常可省略。 Do you know the boy(whom) we met at the gate? 你認識我們在門口碰到的那個男孩嗎? -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 3.which 指物,在定語從句中做主語或賓語,做賓語時?？墒÷?。 (2024·安徽)The exact year(which/that) Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008. 安杰拉和她的家人在中國共同度過的確切年份是2008年。 4.that 指人時,相當于who 或whom;指物時,相當于which。在定語從句中做主語或賓語,做賓語時常可省略。 She is the pop star(that) I want to see very much. 她就是那位我非常想見的明星。 (2024·江西)Among the many dangers(which/that) sailors have to face,probably the greatest of all is fog. 在海員們要面對的許多危險中,最嚴重的可能就是霧。 -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 5.whose可指人或物,修飾名詞或代詞,在定語從句中充當定語。“whose+名詞”可改為“the+名詞+of which/whom”或“of which/whom the+名詞”。 (2024·四川)The books on the desk,whose covers are shiny,are prizes for us. 桌子上的這些書是給我們的獎品,它們的封面很亮。 (2024·山東)A company whose profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad. 國內市場利潤下降的公司會尋求到國外發展的機會。 The house whose windows are very large is my uncle’s.=The house of which the windows are very large is my uncle’s.那個窗子非常大的房子是我叔叔的。 -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 6.as可指人也可指物,在定語從句中做主語、賓語或表語。 (1)引導限制性定語從句,先行詞前常有as,the same,so,such修飾,且在從句中做主語、賓語或表語時,關系代詞要用as。 It was so difficult a problem as nobody in my class could work out.(as做work out的賓語) 這個問題很難以至于我們班里沒有人能解出來。 注意:so/such...that結構中,that引導結果狀語從句,只起連接作用,不充當從句的任何成分。 It was so difficult a problem that nobody in my class could work it out.(work out 已經有賓語,that只起連接作用) -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 (2)as可以引導非限制性定語從句,代指整個主句的內容,從句中常用的謂語動詞為see,say,hear,expect,know,report等,常譯為“正如,正像”,其引導的從句可以放在主句前面也可以放在主句后面。 (2024·江蘇)The number of smokers,as is reported,has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. 正如所報道的,吸煙者的數量在僅僅一年中下降了百分之十七。

　　-*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 7.when指時間,在定語從句中做時間狀語。其先行詞是表示時間的名詞time,day,week,year,month等,常用on which,in which,at which,during which等代替。 (2024·陜西)As the smallest child of his family,Alex is always longing for the time when he should be able to be independent. 作為家中最小的孩子,亞歷克斯總是渴望自己能夠獨立的日子。 (2024·湖南)I am looking forward to the day when/on which my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her. 我一直期盼那一天,我的女兒能夠讀懂這本書并且知道我對她的情感。 -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 8.where 指地點,在定語從句中做地點狀語。其先行詞是表示地點的名詞,可以用“介詞+關系代詞”代替。 The house where/in which he lives is near the river. 他住的房子在河邊。 注意:高考對where的考查趨于復雜,先行詞由“明顯的地點”轉為“模糊的地點”,或者說“抽象的地點”。這些名詞有:stage,case,position,situation,point,occasion,activity 等。 (2024·福建)Students should involve themselves in community activities where/in which they can gain experience for growth. 學生應該參與社區活動,在這些活動中他們能獲取成長的經驗。 -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 9.why 指原因,在定語從句中做原因狀語,可用for which來替代。why不可引導非限制性定語從句。 Tell me the reason why/for which you came late. 告訴我你來晚了的原因。 注意:用關系代詞還是關系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動詞。及物動詞后面無賓語,就必須要用關系代詞;而不及物動詞則要求用關系副詞。 -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 考點二?關系代詞必須用that的情況? 1.當先行詞是everything,anything,nothing,something,all,none,few,little,some等不定代詞時,或當先行詞被every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等不定代詞修飾時。 We should do all that is useful to the people. 我們應該做一切有益于人民的事情。 2.先行詞被the only,the very,the same,the last等修飾時。 This is the last place that I want to visit. 這是我最不想參觀的地方。 -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 3.先行詞是最高級或被最高級修飾時。 This is the best novel that I have ever read. 這是我讀過的最好的一部小說。 4.先行詞是數詞或被序數詞修飾時。 This is the third dictionary that I have used. 這是我用過的第三本字典。 5.當先行詞同時含有表示人和物的名詞時。 We talked about the things and persons that we were interested in. 我們談論了我們感興趣的人和事。 -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 6.以who或which開頭的特殊疑問句中含有定語從句,為避免重復時。 Who is the man that is standing under the tree? 站在樹下的那個人是誰? 注意:Qingdao is the most beautiful city where I have ever worked.(即使有最高級修飾先行詞city,但從句中work為不及物動詞,先行詞只做其地點狀語,故要用關系副詞) 前面所述幾種情況已有前提:需要用關系代詞時,遇到這幾種情況才選用that。 -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 考點三?關系代詞不能用that的情況 1.在“介詞+關系代詞”的結構中,關系代詞只能用指物的which和指人的whom。 This is the train by which we went to Beijing. 這就是我們去北京乘的那列火車。 2.在非限制性定語從句(即通常用逗號與主句隔開,若去掉整個句子仍能表達完整意義的定語從句)中。 (2024·北京)I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week,which my classmates recommended to me. 上周我在圖書館里借了《夏洛克·福爾摩斯》這本書,書是我的同學向我推薦的。 -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 3.指人時,當先行詞為everybody,anybody,everyone,anyone等時,關系代詞要用who,不用that。 Is there anyone who can answer this question? 有誰能回答這個問題? 4.先行詞本身是指示代詞that或those時,關系代詞應用which。 What’s that which she is looking at? 她正在看什么? -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 考點四?as與which引導非限制性定語從句的區別 1.位置不同。which 引導的定語從句只置于所限制的句子后;as引導的定語從句位置較靈活,也就是說as從句可置于所限制的句子前、插在句子中或放在句子后。 (2024·湖南)It is a truly delightful place,which looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages. 它確實是一個宜人的地方。與一百年前的樣子一樣,有著彎彎曲曲的小徑和漂亮的村舍。 Mike,as you know,is an honest man./Mike is an honest man,as you know./As you know,Mike is an honest man. 如你所知,邁克是個誠實的人。 -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 2.先行詞不同。as引導非限制性定語從句時,其先行詞多為一個句子;which引導非限制性定語從句時,其先行詞可以是一個詞、一個短語或一個句子。 As we all know,he is very proud.(先行詞為一個句子) 眾所周知,他很自大。 He was proud,which his brother never was.(先行詞是一個詞) 他是自大的,而他弟弟從不自大。 -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 3.意義不同。as一般譯為“正如,就像”;which一般譯為“這一點,這件事”。 John,as you know,is my best friend. 正如你所知,約翰是我最好的朋友。 He has been to Paris more than ten times,which I don’t believe. 他已去過巴黎十多次了,這一點我不相信。 -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 4.關系不同。當主句和從句之間存在著邏輯上的因果關系時,關系詞往往只用which。 Tom was late for school,which made his teacher very angry. 湯姆上學遲到了,這使他老師很生氣。 注意:as多用于下列習慣用語中: ①as anybody can see正如大家能看到的那樣 ②as we had expected正如我們所預料的那樣 ③as often happens正如經常發生的那樣 ④as has been said before如之前所述 ⑤as is mentioned above正如上面所提到的 -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 考點五

　　“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句? 1.在“介詞+關系代詞”結構中,關系代詞指人時用whom,不可用who或者that;指物時用which,不能用that;關系代詞是所有格時用whose。 The person to whom you’ll write is Mr Ball. The old man was talking with Mr Smith,in whose hospital I was operated on. 2.“介詞+關系代詞”前可有some,any,none,both,all,neither,most,each,few等代詞及名詞、數詞。 He has two sons,both of whom were killed in the war. I live in a house,the window of which faces the south. -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 3.“介詞+關系代詞”結構中介詞的選擇可根據定語從句中謂語動詞和介詞的習慣搭配、先行詞和介詞的習慣搭配來確定,有時也需要結合句意。 In the street there wasn’t any person to whom she could turn for help. The boss in whose company my father worked is a very kind person. -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 4.“復合介詞短語+關系代詞which”引導的定語從句中,定語從句常和先行詞用逗號分開,定語從句常用倒裝語序。 He lives in a big house,in front of which stands a tall apple tree. 注意:在一些固定搭配的動詞短語中,由于動詞和介詞不能分割,因此不能把介詞置于關系代詞之前。 This is the book(which/that) I’m looking for. 不可以說:This is the book for which I’m looking. 5.from where 雖為“介詞+關系副詞”結構,但也可引導定語從句,where往往指代前面表示具體位置的介詞短語。 He stood on top of the hill,from where he could see the whole village.(where指代on top of the hill,指的是“從山頂那個地方看”,而不是指“山”) -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 考點六?定語從句與其他句型的區別 1.定語從句與同位語從句的區別。二者都跟在名詞后面,區別是:定語從句修飾先行詞,是對其進行修飾限定;同位語從句則是對前面名詞的解釋說明,是其內容。同位語從句前的名詞常為抽象名詞,如:idea,fact,truth,evidence,news,thought。同位語從句主要由that引導,在從句中不作成分,有時也可以由when,where,how,why,whether,what等詞引導,在從句中充當成分。 The news that our team won made us excited.(our team won是news的內容,that不充當從句的成分,為同位語從句。可理解為:The news was that our team won.) The news that he told me was exciting.(he told me 缺少一個直接賓語,由that充當,故為定語從句。不能將其理解為:The news was that he told me.) -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 2.定語從句與并列句和簡單句的區別。區別的關鍵是看標點和連接詞。 Our class has sixty students,most of whom study hard.(逗號后為另一個句子,兩個句子之間要用連接代詞whom,為定語從句) Our class has sixty students,and most of them study hard.(逗號后為另一個句子,且已經有并列連詞and,故用them即可,為并列句) Our class has sixty students.Most of them study hard.(兩句之間為句號,代表兩個獨立的簡單句,故不需要連接詞) -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 3.定語從句與狀語從句的區別。定語從句前面必有先行詞,而狀語從句(如時間狀語從句和地點狀語從句)則是作整個句子的狀語,前面沒有先行詞。 Do you know the time when he will come back?(定語從句,前面有先行詞time) I will go shopping when he comes back.(時間狀語從句,表示主句動作發生的時間,前面沒有先行詞) Put the book where it belongs.(地點狀語從句,指的是“放書”的地點,前面無先行詞,因此不能用to which) Put the book in the place where it belongs.(定語從句,前面有先行詞place) -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 4.定語從句與強調句的區別。當it is/was后出現表示地點或時間的名詞時,其后所接的從句是定語從句還是強調句,要看將it is/was和that(可以先假設)去掉之后句式是否完整(不缺少成分),若句式完整則為強調句。 It was Sunday when he came back.(定語從句) It was on Sunday that he came back.(強調句式,強調的是時間狀語on Sunday,去掉It was和that后句式完整) -*- 考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 考點五 考點六 考點七 考點七

　　幾種特殊情況? 1.當先行詞為way,意為“方法、方式”,且在定語從句中作主語、賓語時,可用關系代詞which或that;做狀語時,要用in which 或that或不填任何關系詞。 The way(that/in which) he finished the task successfully was difficult to understand.(做狀語) The way that/which he explained to me was not difficult to understand.(做賓語) 2.當先行詞為time時,若表示“一段時間”,后面定語從句用when引導,也可用at/during which;若表示“次數”,后面定語從句用that引導,that可以省略。 There was a time when we had no TV sets. This is the second time(that) the president has visited our country. -*- Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅰ.用適當的關系代詞或關系副詞填空 1.(2024·課標全國Ⅰ改編)I’d skipped nearby Guilin,a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.? 2.(2024·安徽改編)Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon school education depends.?

　　答案 解析 解析 關閉 1.分析句子結構可知,此處為定語從句,且從句中缺少主語,并修飾物,故用that/which。 2.本題的主句是“Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill”,“upon　school education depends” 是定語從句。在這類從句中,先行詞指人時用whom,指物時則用which。在本句中先行詞為the fundamental skill,且前面有upon,因此填which。句意:一些專家認為,閱讀是學校教育所依賴的基本技能。

　　答案 解析 關閉 1.that/which

　　2.which

　　-*- Ⅰ Ⅱ 3.(2024·重慶改編)He wrote many children’s books,nearly half of were published in the 1990s.? 4.(2024·北京改編) Opposite is St.Paul’s Church,you can hear some lovely music.?

　　答案 解析 解析 關閉 3.句意:他寫了很多本兒童讀物,其中將近一半是于20世紀90年代出版的。此處考查“介詞+關系代詞”引導非限制性定語從句,先行詞為books,指物,故填which。 4.句意:對面是圣保羅教堂,在那里你可以聽到一些動聽的音樂。分析句意及句子結構可知,所填詞引導定語從句,修飾St.Paul’s Church;St.Paul’s Church是一個表示地點的名詞,且從句中缺少狀語,故填where。

　　答案 解析 關閉 3.Which

　　4.where

　　-*- Ⅰ Ⅱ 5.(2024·山西師大附中月考改編)Scientists have searched for a long time for a reason 　so many bees are disappearing. 6.(2024·廣州一模改編)When performing a scene there were few laughs,he would often make up his own jokes,which always entertained the audience,but sometimes also ruined the scene.?

　　答案 解析 解析 關閉 5.分析句子結構可知空格后為定語從句。先行詞是a reason,關系詞在定語從句so many bees are disappearing中做狀語,故用why來引導。 6.空后是定語從句。從句中缺少地點狀語,故填where。

　　答案 解析 關閉 5.Why

　　6.where

　　核心考點