Unit 1　Great scientists

　　A級:基礎鞏固

　　.語境填空

　　1.Kindness is one of our Chinese 　(特征).?

　　答案:characteristics

　　2.Their discussion about whether to build a reservoir did not come to a c　 until midnight.?

　　答案:conclusion

　　3.The coach tried to 　(分析)the cause of our defeat.?

　　答案:analyse

　　4.I was completely a　in the live football match on TV so that I didn’t notice him nearing.?

　　答案:absorbed

　　5.The vote was completed.The chairman a　 the result.?

　　答案:announced

　　6.Your face will get burnt if you are e　 to the sunlight for a long time.?

　　答案:exposed

　　7.The new school is still under 　(建設).?

　　答案:construction

　　8.The earth is s　 itself as it moves around the sun.?

　　答案:spinning

　　9.He was 　(肯定的)that he had seen it in the newspaper.?

　　答案:positive

　　10.He is 　(謹慎)in his choice of words in writing.?

　　答案:cautious

　　.完成句子

　　1.(專心)your work and stop talking.(attend)?

　　答案:Attend to

　　2.(接觸)to the sunlight for too long will do harm to your skin.(expose)?

　　答案:Being exposed

　　3.The police 　(懷疑他)carrying out two bomb attacks.(suspect)?

　　答案:suspect him of

　　4.The driver was not (責怪)for the accident.(blame)?

　　答案:to blame

　　5.He had his leg 　(受傷)while playing football.?

　　答案:injured

　　B級:能力提升

　　.完形填空

　　閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

　　(2024山東卷)

　　Charlotte Whitehead was born in England in 1843,and moved to Montreal,Canada at the age of five with her family.While 　1　 her ill elder sister throughout the years,Charlotte discovered she had a(n) 　2　 in medicine.At 18 she married and 　3　 a family.Several years later,Charlotte said she wanted to be a 　4　.Her husband supported her decision.?

　　　5　,Canadian medical schools did not 　6　 women students at the time.Therefore,Charlotte went to the United States to study 　7　 at the Women’s Medical College in Philadelphia.It took her five years to 　8　 her medical degree.?

　　Upon graduation,Charlotte 　9　 to Montreal and set up a private 　10　.Three years later,she moved to Winnipeg,Manitoba,and there she was once again a 　11　 doctor.Many of her patients were from the nearby timber and railway camps.Charlotte 　12　 herself operating on damaged limbs and setting 　13　 bones,in addition to delivering all the babies in the area.?

　　But Charlotte had been practising without a licence.She had 　14　 a doctor’s licence in both Montreal and Winnipeg,but was 　15　.The Manitoba College of Physicians and Surgeons,an all-male board,wanted her to 　16　 her studies at a Canadian medical college!Charlotte refused to 　17　 her patients to spend time studying what she already knew.So in 1887,she appealed to the Manitoba Legislature to 　18　 a licence to her but they,too,refused.Charlotte 　19　 to practise without a licence until 1912.She died four years later at the age of 73.?

　　In 1993,77 years after her 　20　,a medical licence was issued to Charlotte.This decision was made by the Manitoba Legislature to honor “this courageous and pioneering woman.”?

　　1.A.raisingB.teachingC.nursingD.missing

　　解析:根據(jù)上下文可知,她姐姐生病了,所以她要對她進行護理。raise“養(yǎng)育,撫養(yǎng)”;teach“教授”;nurse“護理,照顧”;miss“想念”。故C項正確。

　　答案:C

　　2.A.habit B.interest C.opinion D.voice

　　解析:在她照顧姐姐的這幾年里,她也漸漸對醫(yī)學產(chǎn)生了興趣,從而使她以后走上了醫(yī)學這條道路。habit“習慣”;interest“興趣”;opinion“觀點”;voice“嗓音”。故只有B項正確。

　　答案:B

　　3.A.invented B.selected C.offered D.started

　　解析:她18歲結婚成家。start“創(chuàng)建”。故選D項。

　　答案:D

　　4.A.doctor B.musician C.lawyer D.physicist

　　解析:根據(jù)第二段可知,她想當一名醫(yī)生,并走向了求學的道路。故選A項。

　　答案:A

　　5.A.Besides B.Unfortunately

　　C.Otherwise D.Eventually

　　解析:她想學醫(yī),然而加拿大的醫(yī)學院不招收女生。這對她來說是“不幸地”,故選B項unfortunately。

　　答案:B

　　6.A.hire B.entertain C.trust D.accept

　　解析:學校不接收女生。hire“租用”;entertain“娛樂,款待”;trust“信任”;accept“接收”。根據(jù)句意可知D項正確。

　　答案:D

　　7.A.history B.physics C.medicine D.law

　　解析:加拿大的醫(yī)學院不收女學生,因此她去了美國費城的女子醫(yī)學院學習醫(yī)學。故選C項。

　　答案:C

　　8.A.improve B.save C.design D.earn

　　解析:她在那里學習了五年,并獲得了學位。improve“提高”;save“節(jié)省”;design“設計”;earn“掙得,贏得”。根據(jù)句意可知D項正確。

　　答案:D

　　9.A.returned B.escaped

　　C.spread D.wandered

　　解析:文章第一段介紹她在五歲時搬到了蒙特利爾,第二段又介紹主人公去了美國學習,然后學成歸來,故此處應該是再次回到蒙特利爾,故只有A項正確。

　　答案:A

　　10.A.school B.museum C.clinic D.lab

　　解析:根據(jù)下文11空后的doctor,可知回到家鄉(xiāng)之后,她建立了一家私人診所,成了一名醫(yī)生。故選C項。

　　答案:C

　　11.A.busy B.wealthy C.greedy D.lucky

　　解析:下文提到她的許多病人的情況,因此表示她忙于治病,再次成為一名忙碌的醫(yī)生。故選A項。

　　答案:A

　　12.A.helped B.found

　　C.troubled D.imagined

　　解析:她忙著給受傷的肢體做手術。find oneself doing sth.“發(fā)覺自己處于某種處境”往往含有一種不自覺的意味。

　　答案:B

　　13.A.harmful B.tired C.broken D.weak

　　解析:根據(jù)前面提到的damaged可以得知,此處應為斷骨。故選C項。

　　答案:C

　　14.A.put away B.taken over

　　C.turned in D.applied for

　　解析:但是她卻始終沒有醫(yī)師執(zhí)照,因此她在這兩個地方申請獲得醫(yī)師執(zhí)照。put away“收起來,放好”;take over“接管”;turn in“上交”;apply for“申請”。根據(jù)句意可知D項正確。

　　答案:D

　　15.A.punished B.refused

　　C.blamed D.fired

　　解析:根據(jù)上文的but以及下文第18空后的“too,refused”可知,她被拒絕了。故選B項。

　　答案:B

　　16.A.display B.change

　　C.preview D.complete

　　解析:夏洛特是在美國完成醫(yī)學專業(yè)學習的,而Manitoba College of Physicians and Surgeons想讓她在加拿大的大學完成學習然后才能給她頒發(fā)執(zhí)照。同時根據(jù)下文的spend time studying可知,選D項。

　　答案:D

　　17.A.leave B.charge C.test D.cure

　　解析:但是夏洛特拒絕這樣做,她不能離開她的病人去上學,故此處要用leave“離開”。故選A項。

　　答案:A

　　18.A.sell B.donate C.issue D.show

　　解析:因此她于1887年訴諸曼尼托巴議會,要求頒發(fā)執(zhí)照。sell“出售”;donate“捐贈”;issue“發(fā)行,頒發(fā)”;show“展現(xiàn)”。根據(jù)句意可知C項正確。此外,20空后的句子也提到了issue這個詞。

　　答案:C

　　19.A.continued B.promised

　　C.pretended D.dreamed

　　解析:再次被拒之后,她繼續(xù)無照行醫(yī),直到1912年。故選A項。

　　答案:A

　　20.A.birth B.death C.wedding D.graduation

　　解析:上文提到她73歲去世,此處是1993年,應該是她去世之后77年。故選B項。

　　答案:B

　　長難句解析

　　1.While nursing her ill elder sister throughout the years,Charlotte discovered she had a(n)interest in medicine.

　　【翻譯】 當她在照顧生病的姐姐的那幾年里,夏洛特發(fā)現(xiàn)自己對醫(yī)學產(chǎn)生了興趣。

　　【分析】 本句中狀語從句while nursing her ill elder sister throughout the years中省略了she was。當狀語從句的主語和主句主語一致,且含有be動詞的時候,可以把狀語從句的主語和be動詞都省略。另外本句還可以把while省略,形成現(xiàn)在分詞短語nursing her ill elder sister throughout the years,在句中作狀語。

　　2.Upon graduation,Charlotte returned to Montreal and set up a private clinic.

　　【翻譯】 大學一畢業(yè),夏洛特就回到蒙特利爾,開辦了一家私人診所。

　　【分析】 本句中的介詞upon“一……就”,后面接名詞或者v.-ing作賓語,本句中使用名詞graduation,還可以使用v.-ing graduating。

　　.七選五

　　根據(jù)短文內容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

　　Mass Migration

　　Mass Migration

　　Look up at the sky one autumn day and you might see a flock of birds in V-formation.　1　 All summer,they have lived in the north where they made their nests,laid their eggs,hatched,and raised their young.Soon,snow and ice will cover all their northern breeding grounds,so they must migrate south where food is easier to find.It is necessary to create worldwide bird sanctuaries(保護區(qū))before many of these species become extinct.?

　　　2　 The Arctic tern travels 10,625 miles from one polar region to the other.This may be the longest migration of any animal on Earth.Not all birds migrate.Some are able to adapt to winter by changing their diets.　3　 For most species,however,it is easier to migrate to climates that are not as severe.?

　　Somehow,migrating birds know exactly where they are going and how to get there.It is amazing to think about how birds are able to return to the same place year after year.　4　 Other scientists believe that migratory birds navigate by following certain coastlines,mountains,and rivers.However they do it,these amazing creatures always arrive in the right place at the right time.In the spring,they return to their nesting grounds up north to lay their eggs and care for their young.?

　　It is important for the people of the world to protect the estuaries(河口)and wetlands.　5　With so many species of birds’ habitats threatened worldwide,our children may never be able to enjoy the beauty of these migrating wonders.?

　　A.These birds stay in the same place all year.

　　B.They are important to endangered species.

　　C.Some birds travel great distances,crossing entire continents and oceans.

　　D.They are flying south where there is warmth and food during the winter.

　　E.Birds fly around the world according to the weather year around year.

　　F.Some scientists think it is possible for birds to use the stars to find their way.

　　G.The birds that migrate south in winter return to different places when weather is warm.

　　答案:1~5 DCAFB

　　Unit 1　Great scientists

　　A級:基礎鞏固

　　.語境填空

　　1.Kindness is one of our Chinese 　(特征).?

　　答案:characteristics

　　2.Their discussion about whether to build a reservoir did not come to a c　 until midnight.?

　　答案:conclusion

　　3.The coach tried to 　(分析)the cause of our defeat.?

　　答案:analyse

　　4.I was completely a　in the live football match on TV so that I didn’t notice him nearing.?

　　答案:absorbed

　　5.The vote was completed.The chairman a　 the result.?

　　答案:announced

　　6.Your face will get burnt if you are e　 to the sunlight for a long time.?

　　答案:exposed

　　7.The new school is still under 　(建設).?

　　答案:construction

　　8.The earth is s　 itself as it moves around the sun.?

　　答案:spinning

　　9.He was 　(肯定的)that he had seen it in the newspaper.?

　　答案:positive

　　10.He is 　(謹慎)in his choice of words in writing.?

　　答案:cautious

　　.完成句子

　　1.(專心)your work and stop talking.(attend)?

　　答案:Attend to

　　2.(接觸)to the sunlight for too long will do harm to your skin.(expose)?

　　答案:Being exposed

　　3.The police 　(懷疑他)carrying out two bomb attacks.(suspect)?

　　答案:suspect him of

　　4.The driver was not (責怪)for the accident.(blame)?

　　答案:to blame

　　5.He had his leg 　(受傷)while playing football.?

　　答案:injured

　　B級:能力提升

　　.完形填空

　　閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

　　(2024山東卷)

　　Charlotte Whitehead was born in England in 1843,and moved to Montreal,Canada at the age of five with her family.While 　1　 her ill elder sister throughout the years,Charlotte discovered she had a(n) 　2　 in medicine.At 18 she married and 　3　 a family.Several years later,Charlotte said she wanted to be a 　4　.Her husband supported her decision.?

　　　5　,Canadian medical schools did not 　6　 women students at the time.Therefore,Charlotte went to the United States to study 　7　 at the Women’s Medical College in Philadelphia.It took her five years to 　8　 her medical degree.?

　　Upon graduation,Charlotte 　9　 to Montreal and set up a private 　10　.Three years later,she moved to Winnipeg,Manitoba,and there she was once again a 　11　 doctor.Many of her patients were from the nearby timber and railway camps.Charlotte 　12　 herself operating on damaged limbs and setting 　13　 bones,in addition to delivering all the babies in the area.?

　　But Charlotte had been practising without a licence.She had 　14　 a doctor’s licence in both Montreal and Winnipeg,but was 　15　.The Manitoba College of Physicians and Surgeons,an all-male board,wanted her to 　16　 her studies at a Canadian medical college!Charlotte refused to 　17　 her patients to spend time studying what she already knew.So in 1887,she appealed to the Manitoba Legislature to 　18　 a licence to her but they,too,refused.Charlotte 　19　 to practise without a licence until 1912.She died four years later at the age of 73.?

　　In 1993,77 years after her 　20　,a medical licence was issued to Charlotte.This decision was made by the Manitoba Legislature to honor “this courageous and pioneering woman.”?

　　1.A.raisingB.teachingC.nursingD.missing

　　解析:根據(jù)上下文可知,她姐姐生病了,所以她要對她進行護理。raise“養(yǎng)育,撫養(yǎng)”;teach“教授”;nurse“護理,照顧”;miss“想念”。故C項正確。

　　答案:C

　　2.A.habit B.interest C.opinion D.voice

　　解析:在她照顧姐姐的這幾年里,她也漸漸對醫(yī)學產(chǎn)生了興趣,從而使她以后走上了醫(yī)學這條道路。habit“習慣”;interest“興趣”;opinion“觀點”;voice“嗓音”。故只有B項正確。

　　答案:B

　　3.A.invented B.selected C.offered D.started

　　解析:她18歲結婚成家。start“創(chuàng)建”。故選D項。

　　答案:D

　　4.A.doctor B.musician C.lawyer D.physicist

　　解析:根據(jù)第二段可知,她想當一名醫(yī)生,并走向了求學的道路。故選A項。

　　答案:A

　　5.A.Besides B.Unfortunately

　　C.Otherwise D.Eventually

　　解析:她想學醫(yī),然而加拿大的醫(yī)學院不招收女生。這對她來說是“不幸地”,故選B項unfortunately。

　　答案:B

　　6.A.hire B.entertain C.trust D.accept

　　解析:學校不接收女生。hire“租用”;entertain“娛樂,款待”;trust“信任”;accept“接收”。根據(jù)句意可知D項正確。

　　答案:D

　　7.A.history B.physics C.medicine D.law

　　解析:加拿大的醫(yī)學院不收女學生,因此她去了美國費城的女子醫(yī)學院學習醫(yī)學。故選C項。

　　答案:C

　　8.A.improve B.save C.design D.earn

　　解析:她在那里學習了五年,并獲得了學位。improve“提高”;save“節(jié)省”;design“設計”;earn“掙得,贏得”。根據(jù)句意可知D項正確。

　　答案:D

　　9.A.returned B.escaped

　　C.spread D.wandered

　　解析:文章第一段介紹她在五歲時搬到了蒙特利爾,第二段又介紹主人公去了美國學習,然后學成歸來,故此處應該是再次回到蒙特利爾,故只有A項正確。

　　答案:A

　　10.A.school B.museum C.clinic D.lab

　　解析:根據(jù)下文11空后的doctor,可知回到家鄉(xiāng)之后,她建立了一家私人診所,成了一名醫(yī)生。故選C項。

　　答案:C

　　11.A.busy B.wealthy C.greedy D.lucky

　　解析:下文提到她的許多病人的情況,因此表示她忙于治病,再次成為一名忙碌的醫(yī)生。故選A項。

　　答案:A

　　12.A.helped B.found

　　C.troubled D.imagined

　　解析:她忙著給受傷的肢體做手術。find oneself doing sth.“發(fā)覺自己處于某種處境”往往含有一種不自覺的意味。

　　答案:B

　　13.A.harmful B.tired C.broken D.weak

　　解析:根據(jù)前面提到的damaged可以得知,此處應為斷骨。故選C項。

　　答案:C

　　14.A.put away B.taken over

　　C.turned in D.applied for

　　解析:但是她卻始終沒有醫(yī)師執(zhí)照,因此她在這兩個地方申請獲得醫(yī)師執(zhí)照。put away“收起來,放好”;take over“接管”;turn in“上交”;apply for“申請”。根據(jù)句意可知D項正確。

　　答案:D

　　15.A.punished B.refused

　　C.blamed D.fired

　　解析:根據(jù)上文的but以及下文第18空后的“too,refused”可知,她被拒絕了。故選B項。

　　答案:B

　　16.A.display B.change

　　C.preview D.complete

　　解析:夏洛特是在美國完成醫(yī)學專業(yè)學習的,而Manitoba College of Physicians and Surgeons想讓她在加拿大的大學完成學習然后才能給她頒發(fā)執(zhí)照。同時根據(jù)下文的spend time studying可知,選D項。

　　答案:D

　　17.A.leave B.charge C.test D.cure

　　解析:但是夏洛特拒絕這樣做,她不能離開她的病人去上學,故此處要用leave“離開”。故選A項。

　　答案:A

　　18.A.sell B.donate C.issue D.show

　　解析:因此她于1887年訴諸曼尼托巴議會,要求頒發(fā)執(zhí)照。sell“出售”;donate“捐贈”;issue“發(fā)行,頒發(fā)”;show“展現(xiàn)”。根據(jù)句意可知C項正確。此外,20空后的句子也提到了issue這個詞。

　　答案:C

　　19.A.continued B.promised

　　C.pretended D.dreamed

　　解析:再次被拒之后,她繼續(xù)無照行醫(yī),直到1912年。故選A項。

　　答案:A

　　20.A.birth B.death C.wedding D.graduation

　　解析:上文提到她73歲去世,此處是1993年,應該是她去世之后77年。故選B項。

　　答案:B

　　長難句解析

　　1.While nursing her ill elder sister throughout the years,Charlotte discovered she had a(n)interest in medicine.

　　【翻譯】 當她在照顧生病的姐姐的那幾年里,夏洛特發(fā)現(xiàn)自己對醫(yī)學產(chǎn)生了興趣。

　　【分析】 本句中狀語從句while nursing her ill elder sister throughout the years中省略了she was。當狀語從句的主語和主句主語一致,且含有be動詞的時候,可以把狀語從句的主語和be動詞都省略。另外本句還可以把while省略,形成現(xiàn)在分詞短語nursing her ill elder sister throughout the years,在句中作狀語。

　　2.Upon graduation,Charlotte returned to Montreal and set up a private clinic.

　　【翻譯】 大學一畢業(yè),夏洛特就回到蒙特利爾,開辦了一家私人診所。

　　【分析】 本句中的介詞upon“一……就”,后面接名詞或者v.-ing作賓語,本句中使用名詞graduation,還可以使用v.-ing graduating。

　　.七選五

　　根據(jù)短文內容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

　　Mass Migration

　　Mass Migration

　　Look up at the sky one autumn day and you might see a flock of birds in V-formation.　1　 All summer,they have lived in the north where they made their nests,laid their eggs,hatched,and raised their young.Soon,snow and ice will cover all their northern breeding grounds,so they must migrate south where food is easier to find.It is necessary to create worldwide bird sanctuaries(保護區(qū))before many of these species become extinct.?

　　　2　 The Arctic tern travels 10,625 miles from one polar region to the other.This may be the longest migration of any animal on Earth.Not all birds migrate.Some are able to adapt to winter by changing their diets.　3　 For most species,however,it is easier to migrate to climates that are not as severe.?

　　Somehow,migrating birds know exactly where they are going and how to get there.It is amazing to think about how birds are able to return to the same place year after year.　4　 Other scientists believe that migratory birds navigate by following certain coastlines,mountains,and rivers.However they do it,these amazing creatures always arrive in the right place at the right time.In the spring,they return to their nesting grounds up north to lay their eggs and care for their young.?

　　It is important for the people of the world to protect the estuaries(河口)and wetlands.　5　With so many species of birds’ habitats threatened worldwide,our children may never be able to enjoy the beauty of these migrating wonders.?

　　A.These birds stay in the same place all year.

　　B.They are important to endangered species.

　　C.Some birds travel great distances,crossing entire continents and oceans.

　　D.They are flying south where there is warmth and food during the winter.

　　E.Birds fly around the world according to the weather year around year.

　　F.Some scientists think it is possible for birds to use the stars to find their way.

　　G.The birds that migrate south in winter return to different places when weather is warm.

　　答案:1~5 DCAFB