考點(diǎn)規(guī)范練10(必修4　Theme A)

　　　考點(diǎn)規(guī)范練第20頁(yè)　?

　　.閱讀理解

　　A

　　(2024重慶七校聯(lián)盟上學(xué)期聯(lián)考)

　　Cancer researchers urged people on Wednesday to take more vitamin D to lower risk of cancer,saying studies showed a clear link.“Our suggestion is for people to increase their intake(攝入),through diet or a vitamin supplement,” Dr.Cedric Garland said in a telephone interview.

　　Garland’s research team reviewed 63 studies,including several large long-term ones,on the relationship between vitamin D and certain types of cancer worldwide between 1966 and 2004.“There’s nothing that has this ability to prevent cancer,” he said,urging governments and public health officials to do more to fortify (增強(qiáng)) foods with vitamin D.Garland’s team published its findings this week online in the American Journal of Public Health.Vitamin D is found in milk,as well as in some fortified orange juice,yogurt and cheeses,usually at around 100 international units(IU)a serving.“People might want to consider a vitamin supplement to raise their intake to 1 000 IUs per day.” Garland said,adding that it was well within the safety guidelines established by the National Academy of Sciences.

　　The authors said that taking more vitamin D could be especially important for people living in northern areas,which receive less vitamin D from sunshine.

　　“African Americans,who don’t produce as much of the vitamin because of their skin colour,could also benefit significantly from a higher intake,” the authors said.

　　【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】研究表明維生素D可以降低患癌癥的幾率。本文介紹了這一研究,并且告訴了讀者獲取維生素D的方法及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

　　1.Why are people advised to take more Vitamin D?

　　A.It is nutritious.

　　B.It can’t harm people’s health.

　　C.It can lower cancer risk.

　　D.It is not taken enough every day.

　　答案:C

　　解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一句中的“...take more vitamin D to lower risk of cancer”可知,多吃維生素D可以降低患癌幾率。故選C項(xiàng)。

　　2.Which of the following cannot help people get more Vitamin D?

　　A.Have some sunshine.

　　B.Have more meat.

　　C.Have more fortified cheeses.

　　D.Have a vitamin supplement.

　　答案:B

　　解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Vitamin D is found in milk,as well as in some fortified orange juice,yogurt and cheeses”和“People might want to consider a vitamin supplement to raise their intake to 1 000 IUs per day”可知,C項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)的陳述正確;根據(jù)第三段可知,攝入更多的維生素D對(duì)于那些生活在美國(guó)北部地區(qū)的人們來(lái)說(shuō),顯得尤其重要,因?yàn)槟抢锏娜藗円蛉諘裆俣@取的維生素D量都比較少,A項(xiàng)的陳述正確。文章中并沒(méi)有提到肉,故選B項(xiàng)。

　　3.What can be inferred from Paragraph 2?

　　A.Vitamin D can prevent all kinds of cancer.

　　B.People must take in as much vitamin D as possible.

　　C.African Americans don’t produce vitamin D.

　　D.it’s unrealistic to take in enough vitamin D by drinking milk.

　　答案:D

　　解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的第四句和第五句可知,每份牛奶等的維生素D含量約為100國(guó)際單位,而人們可以考慮服用補(bǔ)充劑將自己的維生素D攝入量提升至每天1000國(guó)際單位。因此,通過(guò)喝牛奶并不能攝入足量的維生素D。

　　4.Who should take more Vitamin D according to the passage?

　　A.African people. B.Asian people.

　　C.American people. D.European people.

　　答案:A

　　解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“African Americans,who don’t produce as much of the vitamin because of their skin colour,could also benefit significantly from a higher intake”可以推斷出,非洲人應(yīng)該多攝入維生素D,故選A項(xiàng)。

　　B

　　After a confirmed rabies(狂犬病) case in Parke County,Indiana,experts are urging caution if you find a bat(蝙蝠) in your home or office.

　　“If you try to kill a bat,you’re more likely to get bitten,”said Joy O’Keefe,assistant professor of biology and director of Indiana State University’s Center for Bat Research,Outreach and Conservation.“Most bats people find in their houses are healthy and are not going to bite them and give them rabies.”But they could be a federally(聯(lián)盟地) endangered species,such as the Indiana Bat,which is found in this area.

　　So if you spot a bat in your home or office,don’t kill it or touch it with bare hands,O’Keefe said.Instead,put on a pair of heavy gloves and gently move it into a box or bucket.Once contained,the bat can be removed outside.

　　“If it’s a healthy bat,it’ll fly away eventually,”O(jiān)’Keefe said.“If it doesn’t move or seem to be healthy,you can take it to the health department to be tested.”

　　This is the time of year when bats move from their summer resting sites to their winter resting sites,O’Keefe said.

　　“We get calls every year during the first month of school year from people finding bats in the university’s buildings,”said O’Keefe.

　　Bats are a great help to people,as every night they can eat up to their entire body weight of insects.Bats,however,are facing great threats from epidemics(流行性疾病),habitat destruction and other things.

　　“The best way the average person can help bats is by understanding them and by telling other people how awesome bats are and what bats do for us,”O(jiān)’Keefe said.“Hopefully,it will make people think that if there’s a bat in their house,they should try to get it out but not kill it.That would be really positive for bats—to not have people be one of their major threats.”

　　【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是說(shuō)明文。蝙蝠對(duì)人類(lèi)有益,但是被蝙蝠咬傷后會(huì)使人得狂犬病,所以O(shè)’Keefe建議我們?cè)谑覂?nèi)發(fā)現(xiàn)蝙蝠時(shí),不要空手去捉它們或傷害它們,而是要戴上手套把它們移到戶(hù)外。

　　5.According to the text,experts are giving the public a warning about 　.?

　　A.the biting by bats

　　B.the danger of keeping bats

　　C.the spreading of an infectious disease

　　D.the extinction of an endangered species

　　答案:A

　　解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“After a confirmed rabies case”及第二段中的“If you try to kill a bat,you’re more likely to get bitten”可知,因?yàn)橛辛吮或鹨Ш髮?dǎo)致人得狂犬病的案例,所以專(zhuān)家向公眾發(fā)出了小心被蝙蝠咬的警告。

　　6.In O’Keefe’s opinion,when you find a bat in your house,you should 　.?

　　A.put it on a tree

　　B.send it to get tested

　　C.remove it with gloves

　　D.report to the health department

　　答案:C

　　解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“put on a pair of heavy gloves and gently move it into a box or bucket.Once contained,the bat can be removed outside”可知,O’Keefe建議大家戴上手套把蝙蝠移到戶(hù)外。

　　7.We can infer that the text is probably written in 　.?

　　A.spring B.summer

　　C.autumn D.winter

　　答案:C

　　解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的“This is the time of year when bats move from their summer resting sites to their winter resting sites”及第六段中的“during the first month of school year”可知,蝙蝠在這個(gè)時(shí)期從它們夏天的窩遷徙到冬天的窩,再根據(jù)新學(xué)年的第一個(gè)月可推測(cè),這篇文章寫(xiě)于秋季。

　　8.The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph probably means 　.?

　　A.what bats like to eat

　　B.people’s awareness of bats

　　C.the best way to protect bats

　　D.the greatest threat bats are facing

　　答案:B

　　解析:篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容可知,O’Keefe認(rèn)為保護(hù)蝙蝠最好的方法就是了解它們并且告訴他人蝙蝠有多棒,它們能為人類(lèi)做很多事情。O’Keefe希望“人們對(duì)蝙蝠的這種認(rèn)識(shí)”能避免人類(lèi)成為蝙蝠的最大威脅之一。

　　Ⅱ.七選五

　　Helping a friend who is hurting

　　Don’t invite more emotion than you can handle

　　Don’t invite emotional release unless you can stay with your friends while they experience their feelings.1.?

　　2.?

　　Your friends will be telling you about some problem that has lots of emotion involved.Pay attention to the emotion,not the problem.

　　If they are sad,show that you care about how bad it feels.If they are angry,help them to talk it out(without either agreeing or disagreeing).

　　Remember why they came to you

　　If they had wanted a teacher,or a parent,they could have gone to one.3.?

　　A map of the troubles

　　Think about each of your friendships,and ask yourself this question:

　　“Do we usually just have fun,without talking about some problems?”

　　4.　 Instead,they are asking you to be an advisor of some sort.?

　　Either back out of this friendship or insist that it change into something that both of you can enjoy.

　　When your help doesn’t help

　　When your love and caring isn’t enough,don’t be afraid to say so.

　　Remember that you can’t really help unless you want to,and you can’t possibly want to if you are being overused or if you are running out of time or energy.

　　5.　If they ask you where they can turn now,tell them all you know about resources(資源).?

　　A.Don’t think for them

　　B.Don’t get lost in the problem

　　C.They came to you because they wanted a friend!

　　D.Simply say,“I don’t think I can help you anymore with this.”

　　E.If they are scared,comfort them physically or with your words.

　　F.If the answer is “no,”your friends are not asking you to be a friend.

　　G.Don’t say “Maybe you need a good cry” unless you are willing to sit through the tears!

　　答案與解析:

　　【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了在幫助朋友時(shí)應(yīng)該注意的五個(gè)問(wèn)題。

　　1.G　解析:根據(jù)本空前的“Don’t invite emotional release unless you can stay with your friends while they experience their feelings”可知,“除非你愿意等著朋友哭完,否則不要說(shuō)‘也許你需要好好地哭一場(chǎng)’”。

　　2.B　解析:根據(jù)本部分中的“Pay attention to the emotion,not the problem”及隨后舉的例子不難看出,作者在這里建議大家“不要在問(wèn)題中迷失”。

　　3.C　解析:根據(jù)本空前的“If they had wanted a teacher,or a parent,they could have gone to one”可知,他們要找的不是老師或者家長(zhǎng),“他們找你是因?yàn)樗麄冃枰笥选薄?/p>

　　4.F　解析:F項(xiàng)中的answer不僅符合本空前的問(wèn)句,而且“are not asking you to be a friend”也與本空后的“Instead,they are asking you to be an advisor of some sort”相呼應(yīng)。

　　5.D　解析:根據(jù)本部分中的“When your love and caring isn’t enough,don’t be afraid to say so”可知,當(dāng)自己沒(méi)有時(shí)間和精力幫助他人時(shí),“直接說(shuō):‘我想在這個(gè)問(wèn)題上我不能再幫你了’”。

　　Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò)

　　(2024山東日照校際聯(lián)考)

　　I used to feel I was the sun in my family.But while my cousin was born,everyone pays more attention to her.So I disliked her and couldn’t get along well with her.As time went on,I realized what ridiculous I had been at that time.I tried to find a proper time to apologize.When my cousin’s family came to my home a few day ago,I took my cousin to play outside.In the way to the playground,I had bought many snacks for her.Then we began chat.When we talked about their childhood,suddenly,I said “sorry” gently.She was silently,so I thought that she hadn’t heard me clearly.But after while she said:“Don’t say that.In my memory,you are always friendly.”

　　答案:

　　I used to feel I was the sun in my family.But my cousin was born,everyone more attention to her.So I disliked her and couldn’t get along well with her.As time went on,I realized ridiculous I had been at that time.I tried to find a proper time to apologize.When my cousin’s family came to my home a few ago,I took my cousin to play outside.the way to the playground,I

　　bought many snacks for her.Then we began .When we talked about childhood,suddenly,I said “sorry” gently.She was ,so I thought that she hadn’t heard me clearly.But after while she said,“Don’t say that.In my memory,you are always friendly.”

　　考點(diǎn)規(guī)范練10(必修4　Theme A)

　　　考點(diǎn)規(guī)范練第20頁(yè)　?

　　.閱讀理解

　　A

　　(2024重慶七校聯(lián)盟上學(xué)期聯(lián)考)

　　Cancer researchers urged people on Wednesday to take more vitamin D to lower risk of cancer,saying studies showed a clear link.“Our suggestion is for people to increase their intake(攝入),through diet or a vitamin supplement,” Dr.Cedric Garland said in a telephone interview.

　　Garland’s research team reviewed 63 studies,including several large long-term ones,on the relationship between vitamin D and certain types of cancer worldwide between 1966 and 2004.“There’s nothing that has this ability to prevent cancer,” he said,urging governments and public health officials to do more to fortify (增強(qiáng)) foods with vitamin D.Garland’s team published its findings this week online in the American Journal of Public Health.Vitamin D is found in milk,as well as in some fortified orange juice,yogurt and cheeses,usually at around 100 international units(IU)a serving.“People might want to consider a vitamin supplement to raise their intake to 1 000 IUs per day.” Garland said,adding that it was well within the safety guidelines established by the National Academy of Sciences.

　　The authors said that taking more vitamin D could be especially important for people living in northern areas,which receive less vitamin D from sunshine.

　　“African Americans,who don’t produce as much of the vitamin because of their skin colour,could also benefit significantly from a higher intake,” the authors said.

　　【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】研究表明維生素D可以降低患癌癥的幾率。本文介紹了這一研究,并且告訴了讀者獲取維生素D的方法及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

　　1.Why are people advised to take more Vitamin D?

　　A.It is nutritious.

　　B.It can’t harm people’s health.

　　C.It can lower cancer risk.

　　D.It is not taken enough every day.

　　答案:C

　　解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一句中的“...take more vitamin D to lower risk of cancer”可知,多吃維生素D可以降低患癌幾率。故選C項(xiàng)。

　　2.Which of the following cannot help people get more Vitamin D?

　　A.Have some sunshine.

　　B.Have more meat.

　　C.Have more fortified cheeses.

　　D.Have a vitamin supplement.

　　答案:B

　　解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Vitamin D is found in milk,as well as in some fortified orange juice,yogurt and cheeses”和“People might want to consider a vitamin supplement to raise their intake to 1 000 IUs per day”可知,C項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)的陳述正確;根據(jù)第三段可知,攝入更多的維生素D對(duì)于那些生活在美國(guó)北部地區(qū)的人們來(lái)說(shuō),顯得尤其重要,因?yàn)槟抢锏娜藗円蛉諘裆俣@取的維生素D量都比較少,A項(xiàng)的陳述正確。文章中并沒(méi)有提到肉,故選B項(xiàng)。

　　3.What can be inferred from Paragraph 2?

　　A.Vitamin D can prevent all kinds of cancer.

　　B.People must take in as much vitamin D as possible.

　　C.African Americans don’t produce vitamin D.

　　D.it’s unrealistic to take in enough vitamin D by drinking milk.

　　答案:D

　　解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的第四句和第五句可知,每份牛奶等的維生素D含量約為100國(guó)際單位,而人們可以考慮服用補(bǔ)充劑將自己的維生素D攝入量提升至每天1000國(guó)際單位。因此,通過(guò)喝牛奶并不能攝入足量的維生素D。

　　4.Who should take more Vitamin D according to the passage?

　　A.African people. B.Asian people.

　　C.American people. D.European people.

　　答案:A

　　解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“African Americans,who don’t produce as much of the vitamin because of their skin colour,could also benefit significantly from a higher intake”可以推斷出,非洲人應(yīng)該多攝入維生素D,故選A項(xiàng)。

　　B

　　After a confirmed rabies(狂犬病) case in Parke County,Indiana,experts are urging caution if you find a bat(蝙蝠) in your home or office.

　　“If you try to kill a bat,you’re more likely to get bitten,”said Joy O’Keefe,assistant professor of biology and director of Indiana State University’s Center for Bat Research,Outreach and Conservation.“Most bats people find in their houses are healthy and are not going to bite them and give them rabies.”But they could be a federally(聯(lián)盟地) endangered species,such as the Indiana Bat,which is found in this area.

　　So if you spot a bat in your home or office,don’t kill it or touch it with bare hands,O’Keefe said.Instead,put on a pair of heavy gloves and gently move it into a box or bucket.Once contained,the bat can be removed outside.

　　“If it’s a healthy bat,it’ll fly away eventually,”O(jiān)’Keefe said.“If it doesn’t move or seem to be healthy,you can take it to the health department to be tested.”

　　This is the time of year when bats move from their summer resting sites to their winter resting sites,O’Keefe said.

　　“We get calls every year during the first month of school year from people finding bats in the university’s buildings,”said O’Keefe.

　　Bats are a great help to people,as every night they can eat up to their entire body weight of insects.Bats,however,are facing great threats from epidemics(流行性疾病),habitat destruction and other things.

　　“The best way the average person can help bats is by understanding them and by telling other people how awesome bats are and what bats do for us,”O(jiān)’Keefe said.“Hopefully,it will make people think that if there’s a bat in their house,they should try to get it out but not kill it.That would be really positive for bats—to not have people be one of their major threats.”

　　【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是說(shuō)明文。蝙蝠對(duì)人類(lèi)有益,但是被蝙蝠咬傷后會(huì)使人得狂犬病,所以O(shè)’Keefe建議我們?cè)谑覂?nèi)發(fā)現(xiàn)蝙蝠時(shí),不要空手去捉它們或傷害它們,而是要戴上手套把它們移到戶(hù)外。

　　5.According to the text,experts are giving the public a warning about 　.?

　　A.the biting by bats

　　B.the danger of keeping bats

　　C.the spreading of an infectious disease

　　D.the extinction of an endangered species

　　答案:A

　　解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“After a confirmed rabies case”及第二段中的“If you try to kill a bat,you’re more likely to get bitten”可知,因?yàn)橛辛吮或鹨Ш髮?dǎo)致人得狂犬病的案例,所以專(zhuān)家向公眾發(fā)出了小心被蝙蝠咬的警告。

　　6.In O’Keefe’s opinion,when you find a bat in your house,you should 　.?

　　A.put it on a tree

　　B.send it to get tested

　　C.remove it with gloves

　　D.report to the health department

　　答案:C

　　解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“put on a pair of heavy gloves and gently move it into a box or bucket.Once contained,the bat can be removed outside”可知,O’Keefe建議大家戴上手套把蝙蝠移到戶(hù)外。

　　7.We can infer that the text is probably written in 　.?

　　A.spring B.summer

　　C.autumn D.winter

　　答案:C

　　解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的“This is the time of year when bats move from their summer resting sites to their winter resting sites”及第六段中的“during the first month of school year”可知,蝙蝠在這個(gè)時(shí)期從它們夏天的窩遷徙到冬天的窩,再根據(jù)新學(xué)年的第一個(gè)月可推測(cè),這篇文章寫(xiě)于秋季。

　　8.The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph probably means 　.?

　　A.what bats like to eat

　　B.people’s awareness of bats

　　C.the best way to protect bats

　　D.the greatest threat bats are facing

　　答案:B

　　解析:篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容可知,O’Keefe認(rèn)為保護(hù)蝙蝠最好的方法就是了解它們并且告訴他人蝙蝠有多棒,它們能為人類(lèi)做很多事情。O’Keefe希望“人們對(duì)蝙蝠的這種認(rèn)識(shí)”能避免人類(lèi)成為蝙蝠的最大威脅之一。

　　Ⅱ.七選五

　　Helping a friend who is hurting

　　Don’t invite more emotion than you can handle

　　Don’t invite emotional release unless you can stay with your friends while they experience their feelings.1.?

　　2.?

　　Your friends will be telling you about some problem that has lots of emotion involved.Pay attention to the emotion,not the problem.

　　If they are sad,show that you care about how bad it feels.If they are angry,help them to talk it out(without either agreeing or disagreeing).

　　Remember why they came to you

　　If they had wanted a teacher,or a parent,they could have gone to one.3.?

　　A map of the troubles

　　Think about each of your friendships,and ask yourself this question:

　　“Do we usually just have fun,without talking about some problems?”

　　4.　 Instead,they are asking you to be an advisor of some sort.?

　　Either back out of this friendship or insist that it change into something that both of you can enjoy.

　　When your help doesn’t help

　　When your love and caring isn’t enough,don’t be afraid to say so.

　　Remember that you can’t really help unless you want to,and you can’t possibly want to if you are being overused or if you are running out of time or energy.

　　5.　If they ask you where they can turn now,tell them all you know about resources(資源).?

　　A.Don’t think for them

　　B.Don’t get lost in the problem

　　C.They came to you because they wanted a friend!

　　D.Simply say,“I don’t think I can help you anymore with this.”

　　E.If they are scared,comfort them physically or with your words.

　　F.If the answer is “no,”your friends are not asking you to be a friend.

　　G.Don’t say “Maybe you need a good cry” unless you are willing to sit through the tears!

　　答案與解析:

　　【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了在幫助朋友時(shí)應(yīng)該注意的五個(gè)問(wèn)題。

　　1.G　解析:根據(jù)本空前的“Don’t invite emotional release unless you can stay with your friends while they experience their feelings”可知,“除非你愿意等著朋友哭完,否則不要說(shuō)‘也許你需要好好地哭一場(chǎng)’”。

　　2.B　解析:根據(jù)本部分中的“Pay attention to the emotion,not the problem”及隨后舉的例子不難看出,作者在這里建議大家“不要在問(wèn)題中迷失”。

　　3.C　解析:根據(jù)本空前的“If they had wanted a teacher,or a parent,they could have gone to one”可知,他們要找的不是老師或者家長(zhǎng),“他們找你是因?yàn)樗麄冃枰笥选薄?/p>

　　4.F　解析:F項(xiàng)中的answer不僅符合本空前的問(wèn)句,而且“are not asking you to be a friend”也與本空后的“Instead,they are asking you to be an advisor of some sort”相呼應(yīng)。

　　5.D　解析:根據(jù)本部分中的“When your love and caring isn’t enough,don’t be afraid to say so”可知,當(dāng)自己沒(méi)有時(shí)間和精力幫助他人時(shí),“直接說(shuō):‘我想在這個(gè)問(wèn)題上我不能再幫你了’”。

　　Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò)

　　(2024山東日照校際聯(lián)考)

　　I used to feel I was the sun in my family.But while my cousin was born,everyone pays more attention to her.So I disliked her and couldn’t get along well with her.As time went on,I realized what ridiculous I had been at that time.I tried to find a proper time to apologize.When my cousin’s family came to my home a few day ago,I took my cousin to play outside.In the way to the playground,I had bought many snacks for her.Then we began chat.When we talked about their childhood,suddenly,I said “sorry” gently.She was silently,so I thought that she hadn’t heard me clearly.But after while she said:“Don’t say that.In my memory,you are always friendly.”

　　答案:

　　I used to feel I was the sun in my family.But my cousin was born,everyone more attention to her.So I disliked her and couldn’t get along well with her.As time went on,I realized ridiculous I had been at that time.I tried to find a proper time to apologize.When my cousin’s family came to my home a few ago,I took my cousin to play outside.the way to the playground,I

　　bought many snacks for her.Then we began .When we talked about childhood,suddenly,I said “sorry” gently.She was ,so I thought that she hadn’t heard me clearly.But after while she said,“Don’t say that.In my memory,you are always friendly.”