山東省高密市教科院2024屆高三高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語(yǔ)《特殊句式》學(xué)案

　　學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：

　　1.了解在英語(yǔ)中什么情況下出現(xiàn)省略情況；

　　2. 掌握倒裝句的構(gòu)成和用法；

　　3.熟練掌握全部倒裝，部分倒裝等句子結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　倒裝句在高考中的考查重點(diǎn)：

　　1.部分倒裝；

　　2.完全倒裝

　　3.常考的幾個(gè)重要句型：

　　So + be/情態(tài)/助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)

　　Neither + be/情態(tài)/助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)

　　So + adj/adv … + that …

　　Neither …, nor …

　　Not only …, but also …

　　Not until …答案C

　　A．had she B．she had C．has she D．she has

　　【2024全國(guó)新課程】34. You have to move out of the way

　　the truck cannot get past you. 【答案B. or

　　C. and

　　D. but

　　【2024山東卷】31. — I don’t know about you, but I’m sick and tired of this weather.

　　— _________. I can’t stand all this rain. 【答案’t care

　　B. It’s hard to say

　　C. So am I

　　D. I hope not

　　【2024浙江卷】19. Had they known what was coming next, they_______second thoughts.

　　A. may have B. could have C. must have had

　　D. might have had

　　【解析】本句是一個(gè)倒裝句，可還原為：if they had known what was coming next, they might have had second thought。根據(jù)had known提示，可知是與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，因此虛擬語(yǔ)氣主句中應(yīng)該用would/might +have done，由此可見(jiàn)答案D符合語(yǔ)境。

　　【2024江蘇卷】25. There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent, _______________?【答案】AA. is there B. isn't there C. is he D. isn't he

　　【解析】根據(jù)前面there be 句little，，，A項(xiàng)。

　　30. It was not until I came here ____ I realized this place was famous, for not only its beauty but also its weather. 【答案】B。 A. who B. that C. where D. before

　　【2024重慶卷】33. The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor______ it a thought. 【答案】C

　　A. does he even given

　　B. he even gives

　　C. whether D. he will even given

　　【2024重慶卷】32. It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic______ Zheng sailed to East Africa

　　【答案】B

　　A. when

　　B. that

　　C. after

　　D. since

　　【2024遼寧卷】32.

　　Not until he retired from teaching three years ago

　　having a holiday abroad. 【答案】DA.

　　he had considered

　　B.

　　had he considered

　　C.

　　he considered

　　D.

　　did he consider

　　【2024四川卷】5. This is not my story, nor ______ the whole story. My story plays out differently. A. is there

　　B. there is

　　C. is it

　　D. it is

　　【解析】nor位于句首引起部分倒裝，排除B、D；再根據(jù)句意“這并不是（關(guān)于）我的故事，它也不是故事的全部。我的故事的結(jié)局不同。”選代詞it。故答案選C。

　　【2024天津卷】6.Only after Mary read her composition the second time_________ the spelling mistake.【A】

　　did she notice B. she noticed

　　C. does she notice D. she has noticed

　　語(yǔ)法講解

　　完全倒裝的應(yīng)用情況(不借助動(dòng)詞)

　　為了使某種情境表達(dá)的生動(dòng)形象，常把 above, away, back, below, down, in, off, out, up等方位副詞置于句首，以示強(qiáng)調(diào)和引起注意需倒裝，常與come, go, fall, rush 等動(dòng)詞連用。

　　Away went the naughty boy.

　　若主語(yǔ)為代詞，主謂不倒裝Out he rushed.

　　2. 以there, here, now, then, such等簡(jiǎn)短副詞位于句首時(shí)以示強(qiáng)調(diào)和引起注意需倒裝，常用此結(jié)構(gòu)的有be, go, come, exist, follow, remain, lie等不及物動(dòng)詞。

　　Here is the address of your hotel.

　　Here comes the bus.

　　若主語(yǔ)為代詞，主謂不倒裝。Here you are.

　　3. 表地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)位于句首，且謂語(yǔ)為不及物動(dòng)詞，主謂需倒裝。

　　倒裝方法：介詞短語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+主語(yǔ)

　　At the corner stands a man selling newspapers.

　　Between the two buildings stands a tall tree.

　　4.表語(yǔ)置于句首，保持句子平衡，以示強(qiáng)調(diào)，或上下文銜接需倒裝。

　　Gone are the days when my heart was young and gay.

　　Outside the doctor’s clinic were 20 patients.

　　Hanging on the wall was a painting by Qi Baishi.

　　5. 以引導(dǎo)詞there引出倒裝句，常用此結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有be, appear, come, exist, happen, lie, live, occur, ought, remain, seem, stand, used等。

　　There are many students in our school.

　　There appears (to be) a man in black in the distance.

　　6. 直接引語(yǔ)的一部分或全部位于句首時(shí)，主句用不用倒裝均可，但倒裝形式更為常見(jiàn)，常用動(dòng)詞有say, ask, answer, shout, reply, exclaim等。

　　倒裝方法: 直接引語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+主語(yǔ)

　　“God save me!” thought the old man/the old man thought.

　　7. long live構(gòu)成的表示祝愿的祈使句。

　　Long live world peace!

　　8. 以what, how開頭的感嘆句

　　What lovely weather we are having lately! How blue the sky is!

　　What beautiful flowers they are!

　　What a simple life Einstein lived!

　　9. 在the more…, the more…結(jié)構(gòu)中需倒裝

　　The busier he is, the happier he feels.(表語(yǔ))

　　The less she worried, the better she worked. (狀語(yǔ))

　　The more books you read, (賓語(yǔ)) the wider your knowledge is.(表語(yǔ))

　　The more learned he is, the more modest he is. (表語(yǔ))

　　10. no matter + wh -詞或wh -詞+ever結(jié)構(gòu)中需倒裝。通常是賓[表、狀]語(yǔ)前置。

　　Whatever(= no matter what) decision (賓語(yǔ)) he made, I would support it.

　　However (= no matter how) carefully (狀語(yǔ))

　　I explained, she still didn’t understand.

　　Whoever (= no matter who) (表語(yǔ))you are, you can’t pass this way.

　　11. 在as, though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中需 倒裝。

　　Much as I admire her much,I can’t excuse her faults.

　　Young though she is, she has seen much of the world

　　Man as he was, he behaved like a woman.

　　Try though I could, I couldn’t change her mind.

　　部分倒裝的應(yīng)用情況(需借助助動(dòng)詞)

　　1. only及所修飾的詞、短語(yǔ)或從句作狀語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)，需倒裝。

　　Only then(狀語(yǔ))did I know the importance of learning.

　　Only when he lost health(狀語(yǔ)) did he know its value.

　　Only 位于句首修飾主語(yǔ)不倒裝

　　Only socialism(主語(yǔ))can save China.

　　2. never, seldom, little, few, barely, hardly…when, scarcely, rarely, no longer, no more, no sooner…than等否定詞語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)需倒裝。

　　Never have I heard or seen such a thing.

　　3. not構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)位于句首作狀語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)需倒裝。常用此結(jié)構(gòu)的短語(yǔ)有not a word, not a moment, not a bit, in vain(無(wú)用), not once or twice(許多次)，not only [merely]…but also, not by any means=not in any way [degree=not on any account =not on one’s life(決不), not in the least [slightest] 毫不，not until

　　Not a moment did she waste.

　　Not until yesterday did I learn anything about it.

　　4. no構(gòu)成的固定短語(yǔ)在句首作狀語(yǔ)需倒裝。如by no means [rate, degree, possibility, way, accident]決不， at no [rate, time, point, period]決不，in no case [way, circumstances, form, respects, sense, condition, instances, sense, shape]決不， on no consideration [condition, occasion, account, terms]決不，under no occasion [account, consideration, circumstances, term (s)]決不，in no time立馬

　　By no means shall we give up.

　　5. 在含有were, had, should的if虛擬條件句中，需省略if, 把were, had, should移至主語(yǔ)前。

　　Were I you,

　　I would help you.

　　Had you come earlier,

　　you would have met him.

　　Should it rain,

　　the crops would be saved.

　　6. neither, nor, no more位于后一分句句首需倒裝，“也不”(用于否定句)

　　He didn’t see the film, neither did she.

　　7. so+助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ); 主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞+so;

　　so+主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞

　　1.倒裝(指兩人事)；2.(賓語(yǔ)照主語(yǔ)要求做)； 3.(指一人事)

　　She is a teacher. So is her mother.(媽媽也是教師)

　　She wants him to be a teacher. He does so.(這樣做了)

　　You say she is a teacher. So she is.(確實(shí)如此)

　　11. not only [merely, alone, simply]…(but) also “不但…而且”連接兩個(gè)并列分句時(shí)需倒裝。Not only did we lose our money, but we also came close to losing our lives.

　　13. neither...nor “既不…也不”當(dāng)連接兩個(gè)并列分句時(shí)需倒裝。連接并列賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)也需倒裝。 Neither did they write nor did they telephone.

　　省略

　　在高考中的考查重點(diǎn)：

　　1.主語(yǔ)的省略；

　　2.謂語(yǔ)或謂語(yǔ)的一部分的省略；

　　3.賓語(yǔ)的省略；

　　4.不定式的省略；

　　5.賓語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)從句中的省略；

　　6.虛擬條件句中if的省略。

　　語(yǔ)法講解

　　1. 動(dòng)詞不定式省略時(shí)何時(shí)保留“to”

　　be + adj. 如：glad, happy, pleased, anxious, willing, ready等詞后保留“to”

　　love, like, mean, hope, advise, expect, want, persuade, seem等詞后保留“to”

　　have, need, ought, be able, be going, used等詞后保留“to”

　　ask, tell, advise, persuade, wish, permit, allow sb to do sth 結(jié)構(gòu)中保留“to”

　　不定式的否定式后保留“to”

　　不定式的完成式后保留“to have”

　　used to be 結(jié)構(gòu)中的be不能省略

　　2.to代替不定式以免重復(fù)。常用此結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有refuse, want, seem, mean, intend, expect, hope, fear, fail, wish等。

　　I couldn’t find him, though I wanted to (find him).

　　--- Would you like to come to the party?

　　--- I’d love to (come to the party).

　　I meant to write to you, but forgot to (write to you).

　　鞏固練習(xí)

　　1. Try ____ she might, Sue couldn’t get the door open. [2011全國(guó)卷I ]

　　A. if

　　B. when

　　C. sine

　　D. as

　　2. Only when he reached the tea-house _____ it was the same place he’d been in last year. [2011全國(guó)卷I ]

　　A. he realized

　　B. he did realize

　　C. realized he

　　D. did he realize

　　3. — It’s nice. Never before ___ such a special drink!

　　— I’m glad you like it. [2011福建]

　　A.I have had

　　B. I had

　　C. have I had

　　D. had I

　　4. Only after they had discussed the matter for a few hours ____ a decision.

　　[2011湖南卷]

　　A. they reached

　　B. did they reach

　　C. they reach

　　D. do they reach

　　5. — Is everyone here?

　　— Not yet……Look , there ___ the rest of our guests! [2010江蘇]

　　A. come

　　B. comes

　　C. is coming

　　D. are coming

　　6. We laugh at jokes, but seldom ____about how they work.

　　[2010四川]

　　A. we think

　　B. think we

　　C. we do think

　　D. do we think

　　7. Not until he left his home ____ to know how important the family was

　　for him. [2010江西]

　　A. did he begin

　　B. had he begun

　　C. he began

　　D. he had begun

　　8. At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River____, one of the ten largest cities in China. [2010重慶]

　　A. lies Chongqing

　　B. Chongqing lies

　　C. does lie Chongqing

　　D. does Chongqing lie

　　9. Only if people of all the countries are united _________________ (我們才能解決) the existing problems in the world. (solve) [2010湖北]

　　10. For a moment nothing happened. Then

　　all shouting together.

　　[2009福建]

　　A. voices had come

　　B. came voices

　　C. voices would come

　　D. did voices come

　　11. The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only ___, but students became more interested in the lessons. [2009海南]

　　A. saved was teachers’ energy

　　B. was teachers’ energy saved

　　C. teachers’ energy was saved

　　D. was saved teachers’ energy

　　12. So sudden ____ that the enemy had no time to escape. [2009山東]

　　A. did the attack

　　B. the attack did

　　C. was the attack

　　D. the attack was

　　13. Little ____ about her own safety, though she was in great danger herself. [2009陜西]

　　A. did Rose care

　　B. Rose did care C. Rose does care D. does Rose care

　　14. Not until I came home last night ____ to bed. [2009四川]

　　A. Mum did go

　　B. did Mum go

　　C. went Mum

　　D. Mum went

　　15. Unsatisfied ____ with the payment, he took the job just to get some work experience. [2009重慶]

　　A. though?was?he??

　　B. though?he?was

　　C. he?was?though??D. was?he?though

　　16. It was announced that only when the fire was under control ____ to return to their homes. [2008江西]

　　A. the residents would be permitted B. had the residents been permitted

　　C. would the residents be permitted D. the residents had been permitted

　　17. Not until the motorbike looked almost new ____ repairing and cleaning it. [2008陜西] A. he stopped

　　B. did he stop C. stopped he

　　D. he did stop

　　18. Only when I left my parents for Italy ____ how much I loved them. [2008重慶] A. I realized B. I had realized C. had I realized D. did I realize

　　19. Bill wasn’t happy about the delay of the report by Jason, and ____. [2008遼寧] A. I was neither

　　B. neither was I

　　C. I was either

　　D. either was I

　　20. ___ you eat the correct foods ___ be able to keep fit and stay healthy. [2008江蘇] A. Only if; will you

　　B. Only if; you will

　　C. Unless; will you