牛津?qū)嵱糜⒄Z語法:309 過去時(shí)態(tài)有時(shí)保持不變
A 從理論上講，間接引語中一般過去時(shí)應(yīng)當(dāng)變成過去完成時(shí)，但在口語中，如果不至于使人對(duì)于動(dòng)作發(fā)生的相對(duì)時(shí)間產(chǎn)生混淆，則常保持不變。
例如：He said，I loved her(他說：我愛過她)必須變成He said he had loved her(他說他愛過她)，否則句子的意思就會(huì)不一樣了。但He said，Ann arrived on Monday(他說：安是星期一到的)可以轉(zhuǎn)述為He said Ann arrived/had arrived on Monday(他說安是星期一到的/他說安已于星期一到達(dá))。
B 從理論上講，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)應(yīng)當(dāng)變成過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，但實(shí)際上除非所指的是已完成的動(dòng)作，否則一般都不變：
She said，We were thinking of selling the house but we have decided not to.
她說：我們?cè)胭u掉這所房子，但現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)決定不賣了。相當(dāng)于：
She said that they had been thinking of selling the house but had decided not to.
她說他們?cè)胭u掉這所房子，但現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)決定不賣了。
但是：
He said，When I saw them they were playing tennis.
他說：我看到他們時(shí)，他們?cè)诖蚓W(wǎng)球。相當(dāng)于：
He said that when he saw them they were playing tennis.
他說他看到他們時(shí)，他們?cè)诖蚓W(wǎng)球。
C 英語書面語中，一般過去時(shí)在間接引語中固然常常變成過去完成時(shí)，但也有以下幾種例外情況：
1 時(shí)間從句中的一般過去時(shí)及過去進(jìn)行時(shí)常不需改變：
He said，When we were living /lived in Paris
他說：我們住在巴黎的時(shí)候相當(dāng)于：
He said that when they were living in Paris
他說他們住在巴黎的時(shí)候
這類間接引語的主句中的主要?jiǎng)釉~既可保持不變，也可以變成過去完成時(shí)：
He said，When we were living/lived in Paris we often saw Paul.
他說：我們住在巴黎時(shí)，常常看到保羅。相當(dāng)于：
He said that when they were living/lived in Paris they often saw/had of- ten seen Paul.
他說他們住在巴黎時(shí)，常常看到保羅。
2 如一般過去時(shí)被用來敘述轉(zhuǎn)述時(shí)仍繼續(xù)存在的情況，則在間接引語中保持不變：
She said，I decided not to buy the house because it was on a main road.
她說：我決定不買這座房子了，因?yàn)樗诮煌ㄒ郎稀Ｏ喈?dāng)于：
She said that she had decided not to buy the house because it was on amain road.
她說她決定不買這座房子了，因?yàn)樗诮煌ㄒ郎稀?/p>
A 從理論上講，間接引語中一般過去時(shí)應(yīng)當(dāng)變成過去完成時(shí)，但在口語中，如果不至于使人對(duì)于動(dòng)作發(fā)生的相對(duì)時(shí)間產(chǎn)生混淆，則常保持不變。
例如：He said，I loved her(他說：我愛過她)必須變成He said he had loved her(他說他愛過她)，否則句子的意思就會(huì)不一樣了。但He said，Ann arrived on Monday(他說：安是星期一到的)可以轉(zhuǎn)述為He said Ann arrived/had arrived on Monday(他說安是星期一到的/他說安已于星期一到達(dá))。
B 從理論上講，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)應(yīng)當(dāng)變成過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，但實(shí)際上除非所指的是已完成的動(dòng)作，否則一般都不變：
She said，We were thinking of selling the house but we have decided not to.
她說：我們?cè)胭u掉這所房子，但現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)決定不賣了。相當(dāng)于：
She said that they had been thinking of selling the house but had decided not to.
她說他們?cè)胭u掉這所房子，但現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)決定不賣了。
但是：
He said，When I saw them they were playing tennis.
他說：我看到他們時(shí)，他們?cè)诖蚓W(wǎng)球。相當(dāng)于：
He said that when he saw them they were playing tennis.
他說他看到他們時(shí)，他們?cè)诖蚓W(wǎng)球。
C 英語書面語中，一般過去時(shí)在間接引語中固然常常變成過去完成時(shí)，但也有以下幾種例外情況：
1 時(shí)間從句中的一般過去時(shí)及過去進(jìn)行時(shí)常不需改變：
He said，When we were living /lived in Paris
他說：我們住在巴黎的時(shí)候相當(dāng)于：
He said that when they were living in Paris
他說他們住在巴黎的時(shí)候
這類間接引語的主句中的主要?jiǎng)釉~既可保持不變，也可以變成過去完成時(shí)：
He said，When we were living/lived in Paris we often saw Paul.
他說：我們住在巴黎時(shí)，常常看到保羅。相當(dāng)于：
He said that when they were living/lived in Paris they often saw/had of- ten seen Paul.
他說他們住在巴黎時(shí)，常常看到保羅。
2 如一般過去時(shí)被用來敘述轉(zhuǎn)述時(shí)仍繼續(xù)存在的情況，則在間接引語中保持不變：
She said，I decided not to buy the house because it was on a main road.
她說：我決定不買這座房子了，因?yàn)樗诮煌ㄒ郎稀Ｏ喈?dāng)于：
She said that she had decided not to buy the house because it was on amain road.
她說她決定不買這座房子了，因?yàn)樗诮煌ㄒ郎稀?/p>
