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職稱英語理工類A級完型填空例題解析

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職稱英語理工類A級完型填空例題解析

  Debate over the use of Renewable energy

  Ausubel of Rockefeller University in New York, US. says the key renewable energy sources, including sun, wind and biofuels, would all require vast 1 of land if developed up to large scale production1 unlike nuclear power. That land would be far better left alone2, he says. Renewables look attractive when they are quite 2 . But if we start producing renewable energy on a large scale, the fallout is going to be horrible. Instead, Ausubel argues 3 renewed development of nuclear.

  Ausubel draws his conclusions by analysing the amount of energy renewables, natural gas and nuclear can produce in terms of power per square metre of land used3. Moreover, he claims that as renewable energy use increases, this measure of efficiency4 will 4 as the best land for wind, biofuels, and solar power gets used up.

  Using biofuels to obtain the 5 amount of energy as a 1000 megawatt nuclear power plant would require 2500 square kilometres of farm 6 , Ausubel says. We should be sparing land for nature5, not using it as pasture for cars and trucks, he adds.

  Solar power is much more efficient than biofuel in terms of the area of land 7 , but it would still require 150 square kilometres of photovoltaic cells to 8 the energy production of the 1000 MW nuclear plant. In another example, he says meeting the 2005 US electricity demand via wind power alone would need 780,000 square kilometres, an area the size of Texas.

  However, several experts are highly critical 9 Ausubels conclusions. John Turner of the US governments National Renewable Energy Laboratory says that 10 the US got all of its power from solar energy, it would still need less than half the amount of land that has been paved over for highways. Further, it need not 11 additional land. The US could get a quarter of its energy just from covering rooftops of 12 buildings, he says.

  According to Turner, the same dual use also applies to wind power6. The footprint for wind7 is only 5% of the land that it 13 . Farmers can still farm the land that the turbines are on8. Turner says looking solely at land use is an oversimplification of the 14 . Im not sure Id want to build one of these nuclear plants in Afghanistan9, but we could 15 put in wind and solar power, he adds.

  詞匯:

  renewable adj. 可再生的

  n. 可再生能源photovoltaic adj. 光電的

  rooftop n. 屋頂

  biofuel n 生物燃料footprint n. 足跡,影響區域

  fallout n. 余波,結果turbine n. 渦輪機

  megawatt n. 兆瓦

  pasture n. 牧場,牧地Oversimplification n. 過于簡單化

  注釋:

  1. if developed up to large scale production:如果開發達到大規模的程度。 if developed up to large scale production = if (the key renewable energy sources were) developed up to large scale production

  2.That land would be far better left alone:保留那一片土地遠比使用它為好。(be) left alone 是別動它的意思。如:

  Leave him alone. He can solve the problem himself.

  (不要打攪他。他自己會解決問題的。)

  3.Ausubel draws his conclusions by analysing the amount of energy renewables, natural gas and nuclear can produce in terms of power per square metre of land used:Ausubel 用每平方公尺土地與產生的能量的比率這一方法,對可再生能源、天然氣和核電廠發出多少能量進行分析,從而得出他的結論。 (that) renewables, natural gas and nuclear can produce in terms of power per square metre of land used 是定語從句,修飾 the amount of energy, 關系動詞 that 省略。in terms of 是 按照,依據。如:

  We cannot measure everything in term of money.

  (我們不能用金錢來衡量每一件事。)

  4.this measure of efficiency:這種效率的值。measure 這里指值的大小。

  5.We should be sparing land for nature:我們應該將土地留給自然。spare 是免去,免遭。如:

  Call him and you will spare a visit.

  (打個電話給他,省得自己跑一趟。)

  6.the same dual use also applies to wind power:同樣的雙重利用土地 也適用于風力發電

  7.The footprint for wind:風力發電占用的土地。footprint 在此的意思是影響區。wind 實際上指的是風力發電。

  8.Farmers can still farm the land that the turbines are on:農民在渦輪機占用的土地上仍然可以耕種。 Farmers can still farm the land that the turbines are on = Farmers can still farm the land on which the turbines are

  9.Im not sure Id want to build one of these nuclear plants in Afghanistan:我確定不了我是否還想在阿富汗建立一個這樣的核電廠。這是一種委婉的英語表達方式 (understatement),其真正要表達的意思是:我不想在阿富汗建立一個這樣的核電廠。

  練習:

  1.A) figuresB) amountsC) numbersD) digits

  2.A) smallB) hugeC) littleD) vast

  3.A) atB) overC) forD) against

  4.A) expandB) minimizeC) enlargeD) decrease

  5.A) sameB) similarC) alikeD) identical

  6.A) regionB) siteC) areaD) land

  7.A) leasedB) cultivatedC) usedD) purchased

  8.A) patchB) matchC) catchD) fetch

  9.A) inB) withC) ofD) on

  10.A) even ifB) only if C) what ifD) as if

  11.A) lock upB) take upC) give upD) step up

  12.A) toweringB) interestingC) nicelookingD) existing

  13.A) surroundsB) containsC) includesD) covers

  14.A) issueB) stuffC) summaryD) suggestion

  15.A) doubtfully B) supposedlyC) certainlyD) honestly

  答案與解析:

  1.分析文章主題: Debate over(關于...的爭論) the use(使用) of renewable(可再生的) energy(能量)

  文章主題詞:renewable energy, debate, use

  2. 直接解題:

  1.A) figures B) amounts C) numbersD) digits

  Ausubel of Rockefeller(洛克菲勒) University in New York(紐約), US. says the key(關鍵, 鑰匙,答案) renewable(可再生的) energy sources(能源), including(包括) sun, wind and biofuels(生物燃料), would all(全部) require(需要,要求) vast(遼闊的) 1 of land(土地,陸地, 著陸) if(they are) developed (被發展)up to large scale production (大規模生產) unlike(與...不同) nuclear power(核動力) .

  1.B雖然四個選項的詞 (figures 數字, 體形,考慮(figure out計算出/斷定), amounts 數量, 總計,numbers 數目,digits 阿拉伯數字) 都是與數字有關的,在vast... of修飾不可數名詞 land ,因此需要用 amounts。B 是答案。

  That land would be far(更加, 遙遠的) better (when it is) left alone, he says.

  Leave...alone 不管...

  2.A) small(小的, 少的)B) huge(巨大的, 極大的)C) little(很少的, 短暫的, 矮小的) D) vast(巨大的, 遼闊的, 大量的)

  Renewables (可再生能源)look attractive(吸引人的) when they are quite(十分, 相當) 2 .

  2.A在 Renewables look attractive when they are quite __?__. But if we start producing renewable energy on a large scale, the fallout is going to be horrible這兩個句子之間,有個連詞 But, 說明兩個句子的意思相反。后一句說,如果大規模開發可再生能源,其后果十分可怕。既然 大規模、可怕,前一句填入空格的詞應該與之相反。選項 A 是 small ,正符合要求,A 是答案。

  考點:上下文之間的意義。

  But(但是) if we start(開始) producing(生產) renewable energy on a large scale(大規模地) , the fallout(附帶結果) is going to (將會...)be horrible(可怕的).

  3.A) atB) overC) forD) against

  Instead(代替)(instead of using renewable energy), Ausubel argues 3 renewed(更新的,重建的) development(發展) of nuclear(核能).

  3.CAusubel 是不贊成大規模開發可再生能源的。空3后出現 nuclear, 可以合理地推論出,這是他贊同的能源。所以要選 C 的for( argue for...(爭論以支持...)。 argue over (就進行爭論), argue against (爭論以反對...) 都不符合上下文的意思。.

  Ausubel draws his conclusions by (通過...得出結論)analyzing(分析) the amount of energy renewables, natural gas (天然氣)and nuclear can produce(生產,結(果), 創作) in terms of (根據...,按照...) power per(每) square metre(平方米) of land used (被用的).

  4.A) expand(使膨脹, 擴大)B) minimize(把...減到最少)C) enlarge(擴大, 放大)D) decrease(減少)

  Moreover(而且), he claims(聲稱, 主張) that as(當) renewable energy use(使用) increases(增加), this measure(測量, 估量) of efficiency(功效, 效率)will 4 as(隨著, 當) the best(最好的) land for wind, biofuels, and solar power(太陽能) gets used up(用光) .

  4.D空4前面一句說,Ausubel 對可再生能源、天然氣和核電廠發出的電量與其占用土地的量的比值作一比較。空4所在的句子說,隨著風力發電、生物燃料發電和太陽能發電占用的最好的土地逐漸用完,這個效率比值會發生什么變化呢?從 gets used up 分析,效率比值應該變小才對。所以要選 D的 decrease。minimize (使最小化)不符合上下文的意思。

  5.A) same(相同的)B) similar(相似的)C) alike(相似的, 類似地)D) identical(同樣的)

  6.A) region(區域,地方)B) site(場所, 現場, 遺址)C) area(區域, 面積, 領域)D) land

  Using biofuels(生物燃料) to obtain(獲得) the 5 amount of energy as a 1000 megawatt(兆瓦特) nuclear power plant (核電站)would require(需要) 2500 square kilometers of farm 6 , Ausubel says.

  5.A從句子的意思和詞的搭配上看,填入 空5的詞是選項 A 的 same。sameas 是固定搭配。填入 same 之后,句子的意思也完整了,即:用生物燃料得到與 1000 兆瓦核電廠相同的能量需要 2500 平方公里的耕地。

  6.DLand在前文中出現過, 因此land成為答案的可能性較大。Region 和area詞義十分接近, 可以彼此排除掉, B出現在空格中不合適。 Farm land的含義為耕地。

  We should be sparing(節約, 多余的, 剩下的) land for nature(自然), not using it as(作為) pasture(牧場,草原) for cars and trucks(卡車), he adds(增加, 補充說).

  7.A) leased(出租, 租借)B) cultivated(耕耘, 培養)C) usedD) purchased(購買)

  8.A) patch(修補, 碎片)B) match(相匹配)C) catch(捕捉,趕上(車),感染(疾病))D) fetch(取來,帶來)

  Solar power(太陽能)is much more (更加)efficient(有效率的) than biofuel in terms of the area(面積) of land 7 , but it would still(仍然, 更,禁止的) require(需要) 150 square kilometers (平方公里) of photovoltaic cells (光電池)to 8 the energy production(發電) of the 1000 MW(兆瓦) nuclear plant(核工廠).

  7.C空7所在的句子的意思是: 根據...土地計算,太陽能的效率比生物燃料的效率高得多 。最適合填入的詞是 C 的 used。其它三個選項 leased (租借)、cultivated (耕種)、purchased (購買)都不符合上下文的意思。

  8.B本題只能選 B 的 match (相匹配),其它三個選項,即 patch (補綴)、catch (捕捉)、fetch (取來) 只是與 match 發音接近,意思與上下文不匹配。

  In another(另外的) example(例子), he says meeting the 2005 US electricity demand(滿足...的需要) via(通過) wind power alone(單獨地,單獨的) would need 780,000 square kilometres, an area(面積)(of) the size(大小,尺寸) of Texas(得克薩斯州).

  9.A) inB) withC) ofD) on

  However(然而), several(幾個的) experts(專家) are highly(非常) critical 9 Ausubels conclusions(結論).

  9.Ccritical 要求后接 of。C 是答案。

  10.A) even if(即使)B) only if(只有當...) C) what if(如果...怎么辦)D) as if(仿佛)

  John Turner of the US government(政府)s National(國家的) Renewable Energy Laboratory(實驗室) says that 10 the US got(獲得) all of its power from solar energy, it would still need less than (少于)half the amount of land that has been paved(鋪(路)) over for highways(公路).

  10.A從空10所在的句子分析:the US got all of its power from solar energy 應該是賓語從句中的讓步狀語從句,選 A 的 even if 是對的。only if (只有當...)、what if (如果怎么辦)、as if (仿佛)從其分別得使用特點上看都不能出現在空格處。

  e.g. only if you pass(通過) the driving test (駕車考試)can you get drivers license(駕照).

  e.g. what if my mother knows I lied to (向...說謊) her? 如果我媽媽知道我說了謊話怎么辦?

  e.g. He looks as if he didnt sleep(睡覺) last night(昨晚).他看起來就像昨晚沒有睡覺的樣子

  11.A) lock up(鎖上)B) take up(占據, 開始從事)C) give up(放棄)D) step up(逐步增加, 提升)

  Further(此外, 更遠地, 更遠的), it need not 11 additional(附加的, 額外的) land.

  11.B本題只能選 B 的 take up (占用),因為用上 take up 后,上下文的意思就連貫了。其它三個選項,即 lock up(鎖上)、give up (放棄)、step up (逐步增加) 的意思與上下文不匹配。

  12.A) towering(高聳的, 杰出的)B) interesting(有趣的)C) nicelooking(樣子好看的)D) existing(現有的)

  The US could get a quarter of (1/4) its energy just(僅僅) from covering(鋪設的) rooftops(屋頂) of 12 buildings(建筑物), he says.

  12.D空12所在的句子的意思是: 美國僅僅從 ? 大樓的樓頂(鋪設的太陽能電池板)中就能得到四分之一的能量。從意思連貫的角度選擇,選項 D 的 existing 最符合題意。

  According to (根據)Turner, the same dual(雙重的) use also applies to(適用于...) wind power (風能).

  13.A) surrounds(圍繞)B) contains(包含, 容納)C) includes(包括, 包含)D) covers(覆蓋,包括, 蓋子, 封面 )

  The footprint(足跡,影響區域) for wind is only 5% of the land that it 13 . Farmers can still farm(耕種, 農場) the land that the turbines(渦輪) are on(處于工作狀態中).

  13.D本段第一句用了 dual use。第二句說風力發電占用土地的百分數 (土地的第一個用途)。第三句說建有渦輪發電機的土地仍然可以用于耕種 (土地的第二個用途)。空13要填的動詞應該是 D 的 covers (覆蓋)。the land that it (指代 wind) covers, 意為 風力發電所覆蓋的土地。

  14.A) issue(問題, 期, 出版, 流出, 發行(鈔票))B) stuff(原料,材料, 塞滿)C) summary(摘要, 概要)D) suggestion(建議, 暗示)

  Turner says(說) looking solely(單獨地) at (看)land use is an oversimplification(過于單純化) of the 14 .

  14.A從上下文看,應該是對占用土地問題的過度簡單化。選項 A 的 issue (問題) 正是上下文缺失的詞。stuff 、summary 、suggestion 都不對。

  15.A) doubtfully(懷疑地) B) supposedly(按照推測)C) certainly(的確, 當然)D) honestly(真誠地,公開地)

  Im not sure(對...有把握的,的確) Id want to (想要) build(修建) one of these nuclear plants(核工廠) in Afghanistan(阿富汗) , but we could 15 put in(在...上投入資金/時間, 打斷談話) wind and solar power, he adds.

  15.C空15所在句子的前半句是說不會在阿富汗建造核電站,后半句用 but 開始,說明前半句和后半句的意思相反。前半句用了 Im not sure,后半句用 選項 C 的 certainly, 與 not sure 的意思相反,是很合理的。

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