閱讀的重點(diǎn)在于找關(guān)鍵句，而關(guān)鍵句往往是哪些長(zhǎng)句子，分析長(zhǎng)句子就成了閱讀題中的關(guān)鍵。

　　1. Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners: and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business

　　2. Towns like Bournemouth and East bourne sprang up to house large comfortable classes who had retired on their incomes, and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends and occasionally attending a shareholders meeting to dictate their orders to the management.

　　3. The shareholders as such had no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen employed by the company in which he held shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and labor was not good.

　　4. The paid manager acting for the company was in more direct relation with the men and their demands, but even he had seldom that familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the employer had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business now passing away.

　　5. Among the many shaping factors, I would single out the countrys excellent elementary schools: a labor force that welcomed the new technology; the practice of giving premiums to inventors; and above all the American genius for nonverbal, spatial thinking about things technological.

　　1. 這樣巨大而非個(gè)人的對(duì)資金和產(chǎn)業(yè)的操縱極大地增加了股東的數(shù)量和他們作為一個(gè)階級(jí)的重要性，這是國(guó)家生活中代表不負(fù)責(zé)任的財(cái)富的一個(gè)因素，這種財(cái)富不但遠(yuǎn)離了土地和土地?fù)碛姓叩呢?zé)任，而且?guī)缀跬瑯优c公司的負(fù)責(zé)任的管理毫無(wú)關(guān)系。

　　2.像伯恩茅斯和伊斯特本這樣的城鎮(zhèn)的涌現(xiàn)是為了給那些數(shù)量很多的舒適階級(jí)提供居住場(chǎng)所。這些人依賴于其豐厚收入而不工作，他們除了分紅和偶爾參加一下股東大會(huì)，向管理層口授一下自己的命令之外，跟社會(huì)的其他階層毫無(wú)瓜葛。

　　3.這樣的股東對(duì)他擁有股份的公司所雇用的工人們的生活、思想和需求一無(wú)所知，而且他們對(duì)勞資雙方的關(guān)系都不會(huì)產(chǎn)生積極的影響。

　　4.代表公司的花錢雇來(lái)的經(jīng)理與工人及其需求的關(guān)系更加直接，但是就連他對(duì)工人們也沒(méi)有那種熟識(shí)的私人之間的了解。而在現(xiàn)在正在消失的古老家族公司的那種更加家長(zhǎng)式的制度下的雇主們卻常常對(duì)他們的工人有這樣的私人關(guān)系。

　　5.在許多形成因素當(dāng)中，我將挑選出這些：這個(gè)國(guó)家優(yōu)秀的小學(xué)教育：歡迎新技術(shù)的勞動(dòng)者們：獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)發(fā)明者的做法;而且最重要的是美國(guó)人在對(duì)那些技術(shù)性事物的非言語(yǔ)的、空間性的思考方面的天賦。

　　閱讀的重點(diǎn)在于找關(guān)鍵句，而關(guān)鍵句往往是哪些長(zhǎng)句子，分析長(zhǎng)句子就成了閱讀題中的關(guān)鍵。

　　1. Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners: and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business

　　2. Towns like Bournemouth and East bourne sprang up to house large comfortable classes who had retired on their incomes, and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends and occasionally attending a shareholders meeting to dictate their orders to the management.

　　3. The shareholders as such had no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen employed by the company in which he held shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and labor was not good.

　　4. The paid manager acting for the company was in more direct relation with the men and their demands, but even he had seldom that familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the employer had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business now passing away.

　　5. Among the many shaping factors, I would single out the countrys excellent elementary schools: a labor force that welcomed the new technology; the practice of giving premiums to inventors; and above all the American genius for nonverbal, spatial thinking about things technological.

　　1. 這樣巨大而非個(gè)人的對(duì)資金和產(chǎn)業(yè)的操縱極大地增加了股東的數(shù)量和他們作為一個(gè)階級(jí)的重要性，這是國(guó)家生活中代表不負(fù)責(zé)任的財(cái)富的一個(gè)因素，這種財(cái)富不但遠(yuǎn)離了土地和土地?fù)碛姓叩呢?zé)任，而且?guī)缀跬瑯优c公司的負(fù)責(zé)任的管理毫無(wú)關(guān)系。

　　2.像伯恩茅斯和伊斯特本這樣的城鎮(zhèn)的涌現(xiàn)是為了給那些數(shù)量很多的舒適階級(jí)提供居住場(chǎng)所。這些人依賴于其豐厚收入而不工作，他們除了分紅和偶爾參加一下股東大會(huì)，向管理層口授一下自己的命令之外，跟社會(huì)的其他階層毫無(wú)瓜葛。

　　3.這樣的股東對(duì)他擁有股份的公司所雇用的工人們的生活、思想和需求一無(wú)所知，而且他們對(duì)勞資雙方的關(guān)系都不會(huì)產(chǎn)生積極的影響。

　　4.代表公司的花錢雇來(lái)的經(jīng)理與工人及其需求的關(guān)系更加直接，但是就連他對(duì)工人們也沒(méi)有那種熟識(shí)的私人之間的了解。而在現(xiàn)在正在消失的古老家族公司的那種更加家長(zhǎng)式的制度下的雇主們卻常常對(duì)他們的工人有這樣的私人關(guān)系。

　　5.在許多形成因素當(dāng)中，我將挑選出這些：這個(gè)國(guó)家優(yōu)秀的小學(xué)教育：歡迎新技術(shù)的勞動(dòng)者們：獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)發(fā)明者的做法;而且最重要的是美國(guó)人在對(duì)那些技術(shù)性事物的非言語(yǔ)的、空間性的思考方面的天賦。