英語四級考試閱讀材料:逐詞對應(yīng) 巧做細(xì)節(jié)題

由雕龍文庫 分享時間：2024-03-19 13:26:06 收藏本文

　　In communities north of Denver, residents are pitching in to help teachers and administrators as the Vrain school District tries to solve a $13.8 million budget shortage blamed on mismanagement. Were worried about our teachers and principals, and we really dont want to lose them because of this, one parent sail. If we can help ease their financial burden, we will.

　　The 22,000-student district discovered the shortage last month. Its extraordinary. Nobody would have imagined something happening like this at this level, said State Treasurer Mike Coffman.

　　At Coffmans request, the District Attorney has begun investigating the districts finances. Coffman says he wants to know whether district officials hid the budget shortage until after the November election, when voters approved a $212 million bond issue for schools.

　　At Creek High School, three students started a website that displays newspaper articles, district information and an email forum。Rumors about whats happening to the district are moving at lighting speed, said a student. We wanted to know the truth, and spread that around instead.

　　28.In the view of State Treasurer Mike Coffman, the educational budget shortage is_________.

　　A) unavoidable

　　B) unthinkable

　　C) insolvable

　　D) irreversible

　　29.Why did Coffman request an investigation?

　　A) To see if there was a deliberate cover-up of the problem.

　　B) To find out the extent of the consequences of the case.

　　C) To make sure that the school principals were innocent.

　　D) To stop the voters approving the $212 million bong issue.

　　30.Three high school students started a website in order to__________.

　　A) attract greater public attention to their needs

　　B) appeal to the public for contributions and donations

　　C) expose officials who neglected their duties

　　D) keep people properly informed of the crisis

　　28題問的是Mike Coffman對預(yù)算短缺問題看法。一般考生都可以分析出來此題所針對的是文章第2段當(dāng)中Coffman所說的Nobody would have imagined something happening like this at this level(幾乎沒有人能夠想象到會發(fā)生程度如此嚴(yán)重的問題)。大概說來Coffman想要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是問題的嚴(yán)重性。不過分析四個選項之后我們發(fā)現(xiàn)命題者可謂是頗費(fèi)心思，所設(shè)計的四個選項unavoidable (難以避免)、unthinkable(難以設(shè)想)、insolvable(無法解決)還有irreversible(覆水難收)都有問題嚴(yán)重這個含義在內(nèi)，這就使得不少考生犯難了。而逐詞對應(yīng)這個方法就是要告誡我們拋開對選項和原文的表面化和簡單化的了解，要深入到其中的核心詞匯，逐個加以分析。比如28題的四個選項，在經(jīng)過縱向比較之后不難發(fā)現(xiàn)它們雖然表面意思比較接近但是其中的動詞詞根的意義差別卻相當(dāng)巨大，分別為avoid(避免)、think、solve(解決)和reverse(顛倒)。接著我們回看原文，在Coffman所說的這句話中真正的實義動詞就是imagine(想象)。很明顯，只有B選項的think最能夠傳達(dá)原文的意思。

　　29題問Coffman為什么要求對該地財政狀況進(jìn)行調(diào)查。第三段第二句告訴我們he wants to know whether district officials hid the budget shortage until after the November election(他想知道是否有當(dāng)?shù)毓賳T故意掩蓋預(yù)算短問題缺，一直拖到11月份選舉)。根據(jù)逐詞對應(yīng)的思路，我們首先要提煉出原文當(dāng)中的核心詞匯尤其是實義動詞，因為動詞牽涉到全句的基本含義，所以實義動詞的提取和比較也就是它的精髓所在。原句的實義動詞有兩部分，首先是主句的wants to know，顯然D選項的動詞stop是無法與之對應(yīng)的，自然被排除。接著我們又看到原句中的第二個動詞hid，在這兒它的意思是掩蓋。分析到此相信大家都明白了，能夠和它對等的就是B選項中的cover-up。逐詞對應(yīng)避免了對無關(guān)或者多余信息的比較，直指核心，確實達(dá)到了事半功倍的效果。

　　最后一題在當(dāng)年的考試當(dāng)中是得分率最低的一個。但是在使用了逐詞對應(yīng)之后相信讀者們會迅速做出正確判斷。

　　30題針對的是全文最后一句，We wanted to know the truth, and spread that around instead.(我們想要了解事實并將向公眾傳達(dá))。不難發(fā)現(xiàn)這句話中的實義動詞有兩個，know和spread。值得注意的是這里的spread是傳播的意思。再來看看四個選項的動詞部分，A選項是attract，吸引;B選項是appeal to，在本句中的意思是呼吁;C選項是expose，揭露;D選項是動詞詞組，keep somebody informed，告知、通知某人。既然原文講到學(xué)生門成立網(wǎng)站的目的是要了解和傳播事實，那就是要讓大家都知道事實，或者說把事實情況告訴給周圍的人，顯而易見，D選項成為了不二的選擇。