4(教材P46) Surrounded_by_fields,mountains_and_rivers,the Old Town of Lijiang looks like a jade ink stone in spring and summer.　被田野、山脈和河流包圍著的麗江古城在春季和夏季看起來好像墨綠色的寶石. 【句法分析】surrounded是過去分詞，此句中surrounded by fields作狀語(yǔ)。分詞或分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以表示時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、行為方式和伴隨情況等，其邏輯主語(yǔ)必須與句子的主語(yǔ)一致。 ①Asked why he was late,he went red. 問他為什么遲到時(shí),他漲紅了臉. ②Inspired_by_what_he_said,we are determined to study harder. 在他的話的鼓舞下,我們決心更加努力地學(xué)習(xí). ③Faced_with_so_much_trouble,we failed to complete the task on time. 遇到如此多的困難,所以我們沒能按時(shí)完成任務(wù). 跟蹤訓(xùn)練 Ⅰ.完成句子 1．我出去時(shí)沒鎖門. I left_________________________when I went out. the door unlocked 2．這不是一個(gè)適于郊游的季節(jié). It was a bad season __________________to have outings. 3．輪到誰(shuí)回答問題了？ ________________________to answer the question? in which Whose turn is it 4．對(duì)這個(gè)問題感到困惑,他決定向老師求助. ____________________________________________,he decided to turn to his teacher for help. Confused/As he was confused by the problem Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．(2024·濱州模擬)Alice returned from the manager’s office,________me that the boss wanted to see me at once. A．having told

　　B．tells C．to tell

　　D．telling 解析：選D.本題考查分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ),伴隨主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生,排除A、C,tells為謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞形式,故選D.

　　2．________time,he’ll make a first-class tennis player. A．Having given

　　B．To give C．Giving

　　D．Given 解析：選D.本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀 語(yǔ).句意：如果給他一些時(shí)間,他定會(huì)成為一名一流網(wǎng)球選手.根據(jù)句意及主句主語(yǔ)與give之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,很容易排除A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng). 3．—Do you think I should join the singing group,Mary? —________If I were in your shoes,I certainly would. A．None of your business.

　　B．It depends. C．Why not?

　　D．I don’t think so. 解析：選C.考查交際用語(yǔ).句意：——瑪麗,你認(rèn)為我應(yīng)該加入合唱隊(duì)嗎？——為什么不呢？如果我處于你的位置,我肯定會(huì)(加入).why not “為什么不”; none of your business “不關(guān)你的事”;it depends “視情況而定”;I don’t think so “我不這樣認(rèn)為”.C項(xiàng)正確. 4．Thousands of people________to watch yesterday’s match against Ireland. A．turned on

　　B．turned in C．turned around

　　D．turned out 解析：選D.考查短語(yǔ)辨析.句意：數(shù)千人出來觀看昨天同愛爾蘭隊(duì)的比賽.turn out是“出動(dòng),進(jìn)行,參加,結(jié)果是,證明是”的意思,而turn on “打開”;turn in “上交,上繳”;turn around“轉(zhuǎn)身”.根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選D項(xiàng). 溫馨提示 請(qǐng)做課時(shí)作業(yè)　必修二　Unit 6 本部分內(nèi)容講解結(jié)束 按ESC鍵退出全屏播放 ③Why can’t you just leave her alone? 你為什么不能讓她一個(gè)人待一會(huì)兒？ ④(牛津P995)Leaving the expense aside,do we actually need a second car? 且不說費(fèi)用多少,我們真的還需要一輛汽車嗎？ 跟蹤訓(xùn)練 I．選詞填空 fix on，in relation to，out of breath，date back to，try out 1．We’ve not________________the date yet for the meeting. fixed on 2．Its brain is small________________its body. 3．When he dashed back,he was already________________. in relation to out of breath 4．This town________________Roman times. 5．They’re_____________a new presenter for the show.

　　dates back to trying out Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．The building________Roman times has been rebuilt recently. A．dates back to

　　B．date from C．dating back to

　　D．dated from 解析：選C.句意：建于羅馬時(shí)期的那座建筑物近期又重建了.date back to＝date from.分析該句可知,has been rebuilt是本句的謂語(yǔ),與前面空格之間沒有連接詞,所填選項(xiàng)應(yīng)為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,動(dòng)詞date與名詞building之間是主謂關(guān)系,所以用動(dòng)詞-ing形式作定語(yǔ). 2．The first time he had a dinner with some high officials,he felt________uneasy. A．a(chǎn) sort of

　　B．sort of C．of a sort

　　D．a(chǎn)ll sorts of 解析：選B.句意：他第一次與高級(jí)官員進(jìn)餐的時(shí)候,他感到有些不自在.sort of有點(diǎn),表示程度. 3．—The murderer who killed the woman has been caught. —So he is________the law. A．a(chǎn)t the mercy of

　　B．a(chǎn)t the middle of C．a(chǎn)t the control of

　　D．under 解析：選A.考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析.后句句意：因此他將受到法律的嚴(yán)懲.at the mercy of任由……擺布,任……處置,符合句意. 4．Tom sat in class with his eyes________on the flowers outside the window. A．fixing

　　B．fixed C．looking

　　D．looked 解析：選B.考查with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)和fix one’s eyes on的用法.句意：湯姆坐在教室里,凝視著窗戶外面的鮮花.在“with＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)中,eyes與fix之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用過去分詞. 5．At the sight of the headmaster,she________,not daring to raise her head. A．held her breath

　　B．pulled down C．made up

　　D．picked up 解析：選A.考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析.句意：一看到校長(zhǎng),她就屏住呼吸,不敢抬頭. pull down“拆毀;推翻”;make up“彌補(bǔ);化妝”;pick up “拾起;獲得;收聽”;hold one’s breath“屏住呼吸”,符合句意. 6．Our attention was ________ on his speech.Nobody noticed the police come in. A．fixed

　　B．fixing C．looking

　　D．looked 解析：選A.題干中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞fix與our attention是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,所以用過去分詞. 句型巧析 1(教材P36)Qi Baishi’s style of painting often leaves_the_audience_guessing and makes them use their imagination. 齊白石的繪畫風(fēng)格常常給觀賞者留出運(yùn)用想像力解讀其內(nèi)涵的余地. 【句法分析】leave之后接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)時(shí)需根據(jù)句意進(jìn)行翻譯，含有“聽任，使保持某一狀態(tài)”之意。充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ)的主要有動(dòng)詞不定式、形容詞、副詞、過去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、介詞短語(yǔ)和從句。 ①His parents died in the accident,leaving him an orphan. 他的父母在事故中死去了,留下他成了一個(gè)孤兒. ②They all went home,leaving_me_in_the_forest. 他們都回家了,把我留在森林中. ③The boy left much homework to be done. 男孩留下了很多作業(yè)要做. ④Don’t leave_the_medicine_where_the_children_can_reach_it. 不要把藥放在孩子們可以夠得著的地方. 2(教材P47)It’s_finally_our_turn_to do the wallboard in the school hall!　最后輪到我們做學(xué)校禮堂的墻板了!

　　【句法分析】It’s one’s turn to do sth.輪到某人做某事 (1)take turns (at) doing sth.輪流做某事 take turns to do sth.輪流做某事 in turn依次,輪流;反過來;反而 by turns

　　輪流地,交替地 (2)turn out

　　結(jié)果是,證明是;生產(chǎn);出動(dòng) turn in

　　上交;交出;上床睡覺 turn down

　　拒絕;關(guān)小;調(diào)低 turn up

　　出現(xiàn);到達(dá);調(diào)高;擰大 ①It is our turn to decorate the classroom. 輪到我們裝飾教室了. ②Mary and Helen took_turns_looking/to_look/at_looking_after their sick mother. 瑪麗和海倫輪流照看她們生病的母親. ③It_turned_out_that_they should answer for the result. 結(jié)果證明他們得對(duì)后果負(fù)責(zé)。 3(教材P36) To_emphasise_the_woman_even_more,Chen adds a lot of detail to the fan and the cloth of her dress,and chooses to paint the background behind the woman black. 為了進(jìn)一步突出這位女子,陳逸飛在她的扇子上和裙子的布料上加入了很多細(xì)節(jié),并選擇黑色作為女子背后的背景顏色.

　　【句法分析】　to emphasise the woman even more為動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)，修飾謂語(yǔ)adds。動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)常用來表示謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的目的. (1)動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ)表示結(jié)果時(shí)一般應(yīng)放在句子后面,且常表示出乎意料的結(jié)果. 特別，當(dāng)前面有only，just等詞修飾時(shí)應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。 (2)在動(dòng)詞不定式前加上in order (to)，so as (to)等用以表示目的，其區(qū)別在于in order to可以位于句首或句中，so as to不能置于句首。 (3)動(dòng)詞不定式放在系表結(jié)構(gòu)后常表示產(chǎn)生某種情緒或狀態(tài)的原因，即動(dòng)詞不定式此時(shí)表示原因。 (4)動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式是在to前加not。

　　①To succeed,one must first of all believe in himself. 要想成功首先必須相信自己. ②Mr Green and his wife hurried to the station only_to_be_told_that_the_train_had_left.格林先生和他的妻子匆忙趕到車站,結(jié)果卻被告知火車已開走了.

　　③In_order_to_keep_warm,we shut all the windows. 為了保暖,我們把所有窗戶都關(guān)上了. 解析：選C.quality意為“性質(zhì)、質(zhì)地、品質(zhì)”,可用于人或物;characteristic作名詞,意為“特性、特征、特色”;feature意為“特征、特色”,指事物突出、引人注目的特點(diǎn),常專門用來說明人的容貌特征或地貌、地理特征; character意為“品性、人格、性格”,強(qiáng)調(diào)性格中道德品質(zhì)的素養(yǎng),有“品德”的意思,多為后天教育與培養(yǎng)的結(jié)果. 6．The old couple took________to earn more money for their disabled son. A．a(chǎn) pain

　　B．pain C．pains

　　D．painful 解析：選C.take pains to do sth.費(fèi)盡全力做某事.pain作“辛苦,努力,費(fèi)心”講時(shí)要用復(fù)數(shù)形式. 7．The boat was at the________of the rapid river. A．control

　　B．charge C．possession

　　D．mercy 解析：選D.句意：那條船任由湍急的河流擺布.at the mercy of...是固定搭配,意思是“任由……擺布”. 短語(yǔ)細(xì)解 7fix one’s eyes on 　注視,凝視 (教材P36)Its black eyes,which are_fixed_on the cabbage,show the creature’s interest in the vegetable. 它的黑眼睛正盯著白菜,顯示出對(duì)白菜的極大興趣. 歸納拓展 ①(牛津P711)We’ve asked the neighbours to keep an eye on the house for us while we are away. 我們已經(jīng)請(qǐng)鄰居在我們離開時(shí)照看一下房子. ②Thousands of eyes were_fixed_on Beijing in 2008. 在2008年千萬(wàn)雙眼睛關(guān)注著北京. ③I won’t be able to look_him_in_the_eye if I lie. 我要是撒謊,我就不能直視他的眼睛. 8sort of　有幾分地,有那么一點(diǎn)兒 (教材P112)．..when you get inside it’s sort_of strange.　……當(dāng)你進(jìn)入里面的時(shí)候,它有點(diǎn)奇怪.

　　歸納拓展 ①(2011·高考安徽卷)They are the sort of friends who are so close they trust each other with their lives.他們是這種類型的朋友：他們?nèi)绱擞H密在生活中相互信任. ②I sort_of like him,but I don’t know why. 我有點(diǎn)兒喜歡他,但不知道為什么. ③No other college graduates were doing that sort of work at the company in Hefei,Anhui.其他的大學(xué)畢業(yè)生在安徽省合肥市的公司里沒有做那種工作的. ③No other college graduates were doing that sort of work at the company in Hefei,Anhui.其他的大學(xué)畢業(yè)生在安徽省合肥市的公司里沒有做那種工作 的. 9date back to　追溯到 (教材P40)Paper cuts of animals have been found in tombs which date_back_to the time of the Northern and Southern Dynasty!　在南北朝時(shí)期的墳?zāi)估飫?dòng)物剪紙已經(jīng)被發(fā)現(xiàn)! 歸納拓展 ①This church dates back to 1173. 這座教堂可追溯到1173年. ②To_date,we have gained fifty gold medals. 到目前為止,我們已獲得五十枚金牌. ③Should we set_a_date_for the next meeting? 我們是不是該定一下下次會(huì)議的日期 呢？

　　【重點(diǎn)提示】　date back to＝date from,不可用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài). 這一風(fēng)俗可以追溯到明朝. 誤：This custom can be dated back to/dated from Ming Dynasty. 正：This custom can date back to/date from Ming Dynasty. 10relate

　　to　把……聯(lián)系起來,與……相關(guān),關(guān)系到…… (教材P40)People to whom the dead person was_related would make these offerings on special days and during festivals.　死者親屬會(huì)在特殊的日子和節(jié)日里剪這些祭祀用的剪紙. 歸納拓展 ①(2011·高考北京卷)I love technology and try to keep up with it so I can relate to my students. 我熱愛科技并且試圖去緊跟它的步伐以便能與我的學(xué)生相聯(lián)系. ②Can you relate what happened in your childhood to your present state of mind? 你能否把你童年時(shí)的遭遇同目前的心境聯(lián)系起來？

　　③(朗文P1928)Police now believe that the three crimes could be_related.目前警方認(rèn)為三個(gè)案件相互有關(guān)聯(lián).

　　11try out　試用,試驗(yàn) (教材P40)I was also ready to try_out paper-cutting for myself.　我自己也想嘗試一下剪紙.

　　歸納拓展 ①(2011·高考北京卷)It began when a teacher suggested I try_out_for the basketball team. 當(dāng)一位老師建議我參加籃球隊(duì)選拔的時(shí)候就開始了. ②(朗文P2489)I decided I must try_for some paid work. 我下決心一定要找份有報(bào)酬的工作. ③Try the shoes on before you buy them. 鞋子要先穿上試試再買. 12leave out　刪掉,漏掉;不理會(huì),忽視;使不受歡迎 (教材P41)When can we leave_out who,whom,that,which? 什么時(shí)候可以省略who,whom,that,which?

　　歸納拓展 ①(朗文P863)You’ve left out the most important word in this sentence.你在這一句中漏掉了最重要的一個(gè)詞. ②No one speaks to him;he’s always left_out. 沒人跟他講話,他總是被人冷落. ②(朗文P1649)He has taken great pains to improve his image.他煞費(fèi)苦心地改善自己的形象. ③She was at_great_pains to stress the advantages of the new system.她極力強(qiáng)調(diào)新制度的優(yōu)點(diǎn). 【重點(diǎn)提示】　當(dāng)pain指精神上的痛苦時(shí)常用作不可數(shù)名詞;但當(dāng)指肉體上的疼痛、痛苦時(shí),既可作可數(shù)名詞也可作不可數(shù)名詞;當(dāng)用作“辛苦,努力,操心,費(fèi)力”解時(shí),常用其復(fù)數(shù)形式. 2emphasise 　vt.強(qiáng)調(diào) (教材P36)To emphasise the woman even more,Chen adds a lot of detail to the fan...　為了更加突出那位女士,陳逸飛在她的扇子上加入了許多細(xì)節(jié)……

　　歸納拓展 ①He emphasised the importance of daily practice. 他強(qiáng)調(diào)了日常訓(xùn)練的重要性. ②The teacher emphasised that students must not smoke. 老師強(qiáng)調(diào)說學(xué)生一定不要抽煙. 3purpose　n．目的,意圖 (教材P40)．..paper cuts for decoration,for religious purposes and for design patterns. ……剪紙用于裝飾,用于宗教目的以及用于設(shè)計(jì)圖案.

　　歸納拓展 ①I didn’t meet him for the mere purpose of talking. 我并不是僅為了談話才見他. ②Sorry,I didn’t do it on_purpose. 很抱歉,我不是故意的. ③His explanation was not to_the_purpose. 他的解釋不得要領(lǐng). 4mercy　n．慈悲,憐憫,同情心;寬恕;幸運(yùn) (教材P42)He had no mercy so we had to leave fast. 他沒有同情心所以我們不得不快速地離開. 歸納拓展 ①(牛津P1262)They showed no mercy to their hostages. 他們對(duì)人質(zhì)絲毫不講仁慈. ②We are at_the_mercy_of the weather. 我們拿天氣毫無辦法. ③(牛津P1262)It’s a mercy she wasn’t seriously hurt. 幸運(yùn)的是她傷勢(shì)不重. 5ruin　vt.毀壞,毀滅　n．毀壞,破產(chǎn), (pl.)廢墟 (教材P112)The castle was in ruins for 200 years until it was rebuilt in 1932. 這座城堡被毀壞了200年直到1932年重新建造. 歸納拓展

　　助 記

　　①(2011·高考北京卷)Where are the children？The dinner’s going to be completely ruined.孩子們?cè)谀模窟@頓飯將被完全破壞了. ②After the storm,the whole city lies in_ruins. 暴風(fēng)雨過后,整個(gè)城市成為一片廢墟. ③Everything has gone to ruin. 一切都崩潰了. ④The divorce brought him to_ruin.離婚使他破產(chǎn)了. 6conclusion　n. 結(jié)論,推斷;終結(jié),結(jié)局 (教材P44)conclusion—why you want to live there 結(jié)論——為什么你要住在那里

　　歸納拓展 ①In conclusion,I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today. 最后,我想說我今天過得很開心. ②You sometimes jump_to_conclusions too soon. 你有時(shí)過快地做出結(jié)論. ③The policemen concluded that the murderer was hidden in the village.警察斷定兇手藏匿于小村中. 跟蹤訓(xùn)練 Ⅰ.品句填詞 1．The teacher_____________________ the importance of making notes in the class yesterday. 2．It was ___________of him to come late.

　　emphasised/emphasized typical 3．An __________is a person who designs buildings and supervises their construction. 4．Wet weather is a __________of life in Scotland. 5．The crocodile is a strange-looking __________. architect feature creature 6．The full__________(細(xì)節(jié)) of the agreement have not yet been made public. 7．The general showed no________(憐憫) and killed all the prisoners. 8．She was an__________(優(yōu)雅的) woman,so many gentlemen loved her. details mercy elegan 9．What was the__________(目的) of her visit? 10．The gateway is too________(窄的) for a car to get through. purpose narrow Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．Deeply________his unhappy childhood,the boy’s________ seemed quite odd and strange. A．relating to;characters B．a(chǎn)ssociated with;personality C．linked by;virtues D．connecting to;morality 解析：選B.句意：因?yàn)樗恍业耐晟?這個(gè)男孩的性格看起來很古怪.此處第一空為過去分詞作原因狀語(yǔ),be associated with(＝be related to/linked to/connected to) 與……有關(guān);第二空personality性格. 2．—Look!The telephone is broken.Someone damaged it ________ purpose. —That may be right.But perhaps it was broken________accident. A．on;byB．by;by C．on;on

　　D．by;on 解析：選A.on purpose故意地;by accident偶然地,意外地,都是固定短語(yǔ). 3．He forbade his children from eating sweets beacuse he didn’t want their teeth to________. A．ruin

　　B．be ruined C．break

　　D．be broken 解析：選B.所填選項(xiàng)動(dòng)詞與賓語(yǔ)teeth是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,所以排除A、C兩項(xiàng);break意為“折斷”;ruin意為“毀壞”,符合句意“他不準(zhǔn)孩子們吃糖,因?yàn)樗幌胱屗麄兊难例X壞掉”. 4．________with me and give me a straight answer. A．Straight

　　B．Be straight C．Do straight

　　D．To be straight 解析：選B.句意：對(duì)我要誠(chéng)實(shí),給我個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)的答案.句中and后面是動(dòng)詞give,故前面應(yīng)與之并列,也應(yīng)該是動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成的句子,即祈使句,所以排除A、D兩 項(xiàng).而C項(xiàng)中do不能與straight連用,故用be加形容詞構(gòu)成祈使句. 5．Madam

　　Curie,for whom life was hard at college,was a woman of strong________and that’s why she made her mark in history. A．quality

　　B．characteristics C．character

　　D．feature 欄目導(dǎo)引 基礎(chǔ)盤點(diǎn)?自測(cè)自評(píng) 考點(diǎn)串講?講練互動(dòng) 必修二 Unit 6　Design——設(shè)計(jì) 必修二 1．in case of...(＋n.)“以防;萬(wàn)一”;in case that...“以防,萬(wàn)一……”(謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)或should＋動(dòng)詞原形) In case of fire,what should we do？一旦發(fā)生火災(zāi),我們?cè)撛趺崔k？ 句型公式?妙筆生花 Please remind me about it in case I forget/should forget.萬(wàn)一我忘了,請(qǐng)?zhí)嵝盐? 2．強(qiáng)調(diào)句型It is/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分＋who(主要指人時(shí))/that＋其他部分 It wasn’t until his father came back from work that he did his homework. 直到他父親工作回來他才做作業(yè). It is only when you nearly lose someone that you fully realize how much you value him. 只有你快要失去某個(gè)人時(shí),你才意識(shí)到你是多么重視他. It was because the traffic was very heavy during the rush hour that I was late again. 正是因?yàn)榻煌ǜ叻迤诮煌〒頂D我才又一次遲到了.