2024高考英語備考復(fù)習(xí)課件:動詞的時態(tài)與語態(tài)
專題八 動詞的時態(tài)與 語態(tài) 專題 八 │動詞的時態(tài)與語態(tài) 專題導(dǎo)讀 專題 八 │ 專題導(dǎo)讀
時態(tài)的考查主要集中在完成時、進行時等主要時態(tài)的掌握上。要求學(xué)生熟練掌握幾種主要時態(tài)的基本概念,解題時要充分挖掘時間副詞、短語、時間狀語從句提供的信息。 在復(fù)習(xí)時應(yīng)注意以下幾點:(1)吃透語境,摸清作者的意圖;(2)準(zhǔn)確判斷動作和時間的關(guān)系(即動作是在什么時間發(fā)生的);(3)正確理解時間概念(大的時間:現(xiàn)在、過去、將來;小的時間:時間段、時間點、時間瞬間);(4)找準(zhǔn)相關(guān)時態(tài)時間之間的交叉點。例如:一般現(xiàn)在時,現(xiàn)在進行時(現(xiàn)在時間的交叉點)。 專題 八 │ 專題導(dǎo)讀
高考對被動語態(tài)的考查熱點主要是及物動詞在被動語態(tài)中的使用。被動語態(tài)與主動語態(tài)一樣,也有多種時態(tài)。被動語態(tài)的完成時態(tài)和進行時態(tài)中,考生往往漏掉been或being。因此被動語態(tài)的各種常用時態(tài)的構(gòu)成,仍是高考命題的熱點之一。時態(tài)與語態(tài)連用也是高考題的一個考點。一個題目同時交叉考查幾個語法知識點是近幾年高考的一個趨勢。具體說來,在解題時要遵循以下思路: 專題 八 │ 專題導(dǎo)讀
1.這個動作可能發(fā)生在什么時間?題干句中可參照的時間信息有哪些?
2.這個動作處于什么狀態(tài),是進行中,還是已結(jié)束(完成)?限制或修飾這個動作的狀語信息有哪些?
3.這個動作與主語的關(guān)系,是主動還是被動? 只要全面細(xì)致地考慮了這些問題,試題的正確答案也就水落石出了。 真題再現(xiàn) 專題 八 │ 真題再現(xiàn)
()1. [2010·上海] The church tower which ________ will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.
A.has restored
B.has been restored
C.is restoring
D.is being restored
D 本題考查被動語態(tài)。restore意為“修復(fù)”,而最后一句表明工程還未完成,因此為正在修復(fù)中,答案選D。 專題 八 │ 真題再現(xiàn)
()2. [2010·福建] —Guess what, we’ve got our visas for a short-term visit to the UK this summer.
—How nice! You ________ a different culture then.
A.will be experiencing
B.have experienced
C.have been experiencing
D.will have experienced
專題 八 │ 真題再現(xiàn)
A 考查動詞時態(tài)。由第一句可知:我們已經(jīng)得到了暑假去英國旅行的短期簽證,再由第二句中then可知:這是對去英國旅行的美好祝愿,動作尚未發(fā)生。因此時態(tài)應(yīng)為將來進行時。 專題 八 │ 真題再現(xiàn)
()3. [2010·安徽] —Were you surprised by the ending of the film?
—No. I ________ the book, so I already knew the story.
A.was reading
B.had read
C.a(chǎn)m reading
D.have read
B 考查時態(tài)。句意為:“你對電影結(jié)果感到吃驚嗎?”“不,我已經(jīng)讀過這本書,所以我已知道了這個故事?!薄白x書”是在“看電影”之前,故用過去完成時。 專題 八 │ 真題再現(xiàn)
()4. [2010·北京] —I’m sorry, but I don’t quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20?
—Sorry, I ________ myself clear. We want to return on October 20.
A.hadn’t made
B.wouldn’t make
C.don’t make
D.haven’t made
D 本題考查時態(tài)和情景交際。答句意為“抱歉,我還沒有把我的意思表達明白”,強調(diào)對現(xiàn)在造成的影響,用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。 專題 八 │ 真題再現(xiàn)
()5. [2010·湖南] I walked slowly through the market, where people ________ all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed.
A.sell
B.were selling
C.had sold
D.have sold
B 考查動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)“I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed”的提示可判斷此處表示“人們當(dāng)時正在出售各種水果和蔬菜”,即表示過去某時正在發(fā)生的動作,故選B。 專題 八 │ 真題再現(xiàn)
()6. [2010·湖南] I’m tired out.
I ________ all afternoon and I don’t seem to have finished anything.
A.shopped
B.have shopped
C.had shopped
D.have been shopping
D 考查動詞時態(tài)。句意為:我現(xiàn)在很累。我整個下午一直在購物,我好像什么事都沒做成似的。由語境可判斷選D。 專題 八 │ 真題再現(xiàn)
()7. [2010·上海] Every few years, the coal workers ________ their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health.
A.a(chǎn)re having
B.have
C.have had
D.had had
B 本題考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)時間狀語every few years,可判斷本句應(yīng)為一般現(xiàn)在時,因此答案選B。
專題 八 │ 真題再現(xiàn)
()8. [2010·天津] We ________ on this project for four hours. Let’s have a rest.
A.a(chǎn)re working
B.have been working
C.worked
D.had worked
B 考查動詞的時態(tài)。現(xiàn)在完成進行時表示一直在干某件事,表示動作的連續(xù)和延續(xù)。
專題 八 │ 真題再現(xiàn)
()9. [2010·天津] Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting ________ at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo.
A.a(chǎn)re exhibiting
B.is exhibiting
C.a(chǎn)re being exhibited
D.is being exhibited
C 考查現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)的主謂一致。traditional folk arts of Tianjin 是真正的主語,與后面like paper cutting 無關(guān)。 專題 八 │ 真題再現(xiàn)
()10. [2010·江蘇] —Why, Jack, you look so tired!
—Well, I ________ the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.
A.was painting
B.will be painting
C.have painted
D.have been painting
D 本題考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)后句and I must finish the work tomorrow可以推斷“動作還將繼續(xù)”;have done表示“動作已經(jīng)完成”;have been doing表示“動作從過去開始延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,而且可能還將繼續(xù)”,所以選擇D項。 專題預(yù)測 專題 八 │ 專題預(yù)測
()1.Up to now, thousands of people ________ possible ideas on how to clean up the oil in the Gulf of Mexico.
A.have submitted
B.submitted
C.will submit
D.a(chǎn)re submitting
A 考查動詞的時態(tài)。由時間狀語up to now可以看出,該題應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時。句意為:到目前為止,成千上萬的人們已經(jīng)提交了關(guān)于如何清理墨西哥灣泄漏的石油的可能的辦法。 專題 八 │ 專題預(yù)測
()2.—I want to pay a visit to your house this time tomorrow.
—I’m afraid I will not be available, for I ________ an important meeting.
A.will have attended
B.will be attending
C.a(chǎn)ttend
D.a(chǎn)m attending
B 考查動詞的時態(tài)。答語中承前省略了時間狀語“this time tomorrow”,指下明那個時候正在開會,所以用將來進行時態(tài)。 專題 八 │ 專題預(yù)測
()3.—Carol and Jessie don’t seem to be getting on well with each other now. Why is that?
—It is said that Carol ________ by Jessie.
A.has felt betrayed
B.is feeling betrayed
C.feels betrayed
D.will feel betrayed
A 考查動詞時態(tài)。因為Carol感覺自己被Jessie出賣了,因此跟對方關(guān)系不好,強調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響,用現(xiàn)在完成時。 專題 八 │ 專題預(yù)測
()4.—Last night I greeted Bob on the street, but he ignored me.
—Perhaps he ________ something and ________ you.
A.thought about;didn’t notice
B.was thinking about;wasn’t noticing
C.was thinking about;didn’t notice
D.thought about:hasn’t noticed
C 考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)語境,think about是當(dāng)時進行的動作,所以用過去進行時;notice在句中陳述過去所發(fā)生的動作,用一般過去式。 專題 八 │ 專題預(yù)測
()5.They are going to visit the professor we ________ in the library the other day.
A.meet
B.have met
C.would meet
D.met
D 考查動詞的時態(tài)。由the other day“前幾天”可知應(yīng)用一般過去時。句意為:他們打算去拜訪幾天前我們在圖書管里遇見的那位教授。 專題 八 │ 專題預(yù)測
()6.—What’s the problem, sir?
—You ________ at least at a speed of about 100 miles per hour.
A.a(chǎn)re driving
B.drove
C.were driving
D.have driven
C 考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意為:“出什么問題了嗎,先生?”“您的車速至少達到了每小時約100英里。”從暗含的意思可推測該車主超速駕駛了,所以應(yīng)該是被攔下時發(fā)生的對話,所以超速應(yīng)該是強調(diào)剛才正在發(fā)生,所以用過去進行時。 專題 八 │ 專題預(yù)測
()7.In recent years, the singer isn’t as popular as he once was, and his latest album ________ only five thousand copies.
A.is sold
B.is selling
C.sold
D.was sold
C 考查動詞的時態(tài)與語態(tài)。動詞sell在本句中用主動語態(tài)表被動。句意為:最近幾年里,這位歌手不如從前受歡迎,他的最新專輯只賣了5 000張?!百u掉”是過去發(fā)生的動作,應(yīng)用過去時
專題 八 │ 專題預(yù)測
()8.Professor Baker, who ________the research of wild animals all his life, ________ to give a speech in our school next week.
A.has devoted to;is supposed
B.is devoted to;will be supposed
C.has been devoted to;is supposed
D.had devoted to;will be supposed
C 考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。devote是及物動詞,A和D項為主動形式,后不帶賓語,直接跟to不正確,從句中的all his life表明要用現(xiàn)在完成時。短語be supposed to do表示“應(yīng)該,被期望”,指期望將來發(fā)生的動作,與next week照應(yīng)。句意為:Baker教授一生致力于野生動物的研究,下周有望在我們學(xué)校做報告。 專題 八 │ 專題預(yù)測
()9.— Did you telephone Uncle Sam our plan for the Christmas holidays on his farm?
—Yes, he was happy about our arrival, and he eagerly asked when ________.
A.had we arrived
B.we had arrived
C.were we arriving
D.we were arriving
D 考查動詞的時態(tài)。語境提供過去的時間點,在那時將要發(fā)生的事情,所以用過去進行時表示過去將要發(fā)生的事情。此外,由于疑問句作asked的賓語從句,所以要用陳述語序。 專題 八 │ 專題預(yù)測
()10.—What did you say?
—So you ________ to me.
A.won’t listen
B.hadn’t listen
C.weren’t listening
D.haven’t listened
C 考查動詞的時態(tài)。由語境可知,答語中省略了時間狀語“when I said just now”,也就是說強調(diào)的是過去某個時間點正在進行的動作,所以要用過去進行時。
專題八 動詞的時態(tài)與 語態(tài) 專題 八 │動詞的時態(tài)與語態(tài) 專題導(dǎo)讀 專題 八 │ 專題導(dǎo)讀
時態(tài)的考查主要集中在完成時、進行時等主要時態(tài)的掌握上。要求學(xué)生熟練掌握幾種主要時態(tài)的基本概念,解題時要充分挖掘時間副詞、短語、時間狀語從句提供的信息。 在復(fù)習(xí)時應(yīng)注意以下幾點:(1)吃透語境,摸清作者的意圖;(2)準(zhǔn)確判斷動作和時間的關(guān)系(即動作是在什么時間發(fā)生的);(3)正確理解時間概念(大的時間:現(xiàn)在、過去、將來;小的時間:時間段、時間點、時間瞬間);(4)找準(zhǔn)相關(guān)時態(tài)時間之間的交叉點。例如:一般現(xiàn)在時,現(xiàn)在進行時(現(xiàn)在時間的交叉點)。 專題 八 │ 專題導(dǎo)讀
高考對被動語態(tài)的考查熱點主要是及物動詞在被動語態(tài)中的使用。被動語態(tài)與主動語態(tài)一樣,也有多種時態(tài)。被動語態(tài)的完成時態(tài)和進行時態(tài)中,考生往往漏掉been或being。因此被動語態(tài)的各種常用時態(tài)的構(gòu)成,仍是高考命題的熱點之一。時態(tài)與語態(tài)連用也是高考題的一個考點。一個題目同時交叉考查幾個語法知識點是近幾年高考的一個趨勢。具體說來,在解題時要遵循以下思路: 專題 八 │ 專題導(dǎo)讀
1.這個動作可能發(fā)生在什么時間?題干句中可參照的時間信息有哪些?
2.這個動作處于什么狀態(tài),是進行中,還是已結(jié)束(完成)?限制或修飾這個動作的狀語信息有哪些?
3.這個動作與主語的關(guān)系,是主動還是被動? 只要全面細(xì)致地考慮了這些問題,試題的正確答案也就水落石出了。 真題再現(xiàn) 專題 八 │ 真題再現(xiàn)
()1. [2010·上海] The church tower which ________ will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.
A.has restored
B.has been restored
C.is restoring
D.is being restored
D 本題考查被動語態(tài)。restore意為“修復(fù)”,而最后一句表明工程還未完成,因此為正在修復(fù)中,答案選D。 專題 八 │ 真題再現(xiàn)
()2. [2010·福建] —Guess what, we’ve got our visas for a short-term visit to the UK this summer.
—How nice! You ________ a different culture then.
A.will be experiencing
B.have experienced
C.have been experiencing
D.will have experienced
專題 八 │ 真題再現(xiàn)
A 考查動詞時態(tài)。由第一句可知:我們已經(jīng)得到了暑假去英國旅行的短期簽證,再由第二句中then可知:這是對去英國旅行的美好祝愿,動作尚未發(fā)生。因此時態(tài)應(yīng)為將來進行時。 專題 八 │ 真題再現(xiàn)
()3. [2010·安徽] —Were you surprised by the ending of the film?
—No. I ________ the book, so I already knew the story.
A.was reading
B.had read
C.a(chǎn)m reading
D.have read
B 考查時態(tài)。句意為:“你對電影結(jié)果感到吃驚嗎?”“不,我已經(jīng)讀過這本書,所以我已知道了這個故事。”“讀書”是在“看電影”之前,故用過去完成時。 專題 八 │ 真題再現(xiàn)
()4. [2010·北京] —I’m sorry, but I don’t quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20?
—Sorry, I ________ myself clear. We want to return on October 20.
A.hadn’t made
B.wouldn’t make
C.don’t make
D.haven’t made
D 本題考查時態(tài)和情景交際。答句意為“抱歉,我還沒有把我的意思表達明白”,強調(diào)對現(xiàn)在造成的影響,用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。 專題 八 │ 真題再現(xiàn)
()5. [2010·湖南] I walked slowly through the market, where people ________ all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed.
A.sell
B.were selling
C.had sold
D.have sold
B 考查動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)“I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed”的提示可判斷此處表示“人們當(dāng)時正在出售各種水果和蔬菜”,即表示過去某時正在發(fā)生的動作,故選B。 專題 八 │ 真題再現(xiàn)
()6. [2010·湖南] I’m tired out.
I ________ all afternoon and I don’t seem to have finished anything.
A.shopped
B.have shopped
C.had shopped
D.have been shopping
D 考查動詞時態(tài)。句意為:我現(xiàn)在很累。我整個下午一直在購物,我好像什么事都沒做成似的。由語境可判斷選D。 專題 八 │ 真題再現(xiàn)
()7. [2010·上海] Every few years, the coal workers ________ their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health.
A.a(chǎn)re having
B.have
C.have had
D.had had
B 本題考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)時間狀語every few years,可判斷本句應(yīng)為一般現(xiàn)在時,因此答案選B。
專題 八 │ 真題再現(xiàn)
()8. [2010·天津] We ________ on this project for four hours. Let’s have a rest.
A.a(chǎn)re working
B.have been working
C.worked
D.had worked
B 考查動詞的時態(tài)?,F(xiàn)在完成進行時表示一直在干某件事,表示動作的連續(xù)和延續(xù)。
專題 八 │ 真題再現(xiàn)
()9. [2010·天津] Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting ________ at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo.
A.a(chǎn)re exhibiting
B.is exhibiting
C.a(chǎn)re being exhibited
D.is being exhibited
C 考查現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)的主謂一致。traditional folk arts of Tianjin 是真正的主語,與后面like paper cutting 無關(guān)。 專題 八 │ 真題再現(xiàn)
()10. [2010·江蘇] —Why, Jack, you look so tired!
—Well, I ________ the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.
A.was painting
B.will be painting
C.have painted
D.have been painting
D 本題考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)后句and I must finish the work tomorrow可以推斷“動作還將繼續(xù)”;have done表示“動作已經(jīng)完成”;have been doing表示“動作從過去開始延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,而且可能還將繼續(xù)”,所以選擇D項。 專題預(yù)測 專題 八 │ 專題預(yù)測
()1.Up to now, thousands of people ________ possible ideas on how to clean up the oil in the Gulf of Mexico.
A.have submitted
B.submitted
C.will submit
D.a(chǎn)re submitting
A 考查動詞的時態(tài)。由時間狀語up to now可以看出,該題應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時。句意為:到目前為止,成千上萬的人們已經(jīng)提交了關(guān)于如何清理墨西哥灣泄漏的石油的可能的辦法。 專題 八 │ 專題預(yù)測
()2.—I want to pay a visit to your house this time tomorrow.
—I’m afraid I will not be available, for I ________ an important meeting.
A.will have attended
B.will be attending
C.a(chǎn)ttend
D.a(chǎn)m attending
B 考查動詞的時態(tài)。答語中承前省略了時間狀語“this time tomorrow”,指下明那個時候正在開會,所以用將來進行時態(tài)。 專題 八 │ 專題預(yù)測
()3.—Carol and Jessie don’t seem to be getting on well with each other now. Why is that?
—It is said that Carol ________ by Jessie.
A.has felt betrayed
B.is feeling betrayed
C.feels betrayed
D.will feel betrayed
A 考查動詞時態(tài)。因為Carol感覺自己被Jessie出賣了,因此跟對方關(guān)系不好,強調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響,用現(xiàn)在完成時。 專題 八 │ 專題預(yù)測
()4.—Last night I greeted Bob on the street, but he ignored me.
—Perhaps he ________ something and ________ you.
A.thought about;didn’t notice
B.was thinking about;wasn’t noticing
C.was thinking about;didn’t notice
D.thought about:hasn’t noticed
C 考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)語境,think about是當(dāng)時進行的動作,所以用過去進行時;notice在句中陳述過去所發(fā)生的動作,用一般過去式。 專題 八 │ 專題預(yù)測
()5.They are going to visit the professor we ________ in the library the other day.
A.meet
B.have met
C.would meet
D.met
D 考查動詞的時態(tài)。由the other day“前幾天”可知應(yīng)用一般過去時。句意為:他們打算去拜訪幾天前我們在圖書管里遇見的那位教授。 專題 八 │ 專題預(yù)測
()6.—What’s the problem, sir?
—You ________ at least at a speed of about 100 miles per hour.
A.a(chǎn)re driving
B.drove
C.were driving
D.have driven
C 考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意為:“出什么問題了嗎,先生?”“您的車速至少達到了每小時約100英里?!睆陌岛囊馑伎赏茰y該車主超速駕駛了,所以應(yīng)該是被攔下時發(fā)生的對話,所以超速應(yīng)該是強調(diào)剛才正在發(fā)生,所以用過去進行時。 專題 八 │ 專題預(yù)測
()7.In recent years, the singer isn’t as popular as he once was, and his latest album ________ only five thousand copies.
A.is sold
B.is selling
C.sold
D.was sold
C 考查動詞的時態(tài)與語態(tài)。動詞sell在本句中用主動語態(tài)表被動。句意為:最近幾年里,這位歌手不如從前受歡迎,他的最新專輯只賣了5 000張。“賣掉”是過去發(fā)生的動作,應(yīng)用過去時
專題 八 │ 專題預(yù)測
()8.Professor Baker, who ________the research of wild animals all his life, ________ to give a speech in our school next week.
A.has devoted to;is supposed
B.is devoted to;will be supposed
C.has been devoted to;is supposed
D.had devoted to;will be supposed
C 考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。devote是及物動詞,A和D項為主動形式,后不帶賓語,直接跟to不正確,從句中的all his life表明要用現(xiàn)在完成時。短語be supposed to do表示“應(yīng)該,被期望”,指期望將來發(fā)生的動作,與next week照應(yīng)。句意為:Baker教授一生致力于野生動物的研究,下周有望在我們學(xué)校做報告。 專題 八 │ 專題預(yù)測
()9.— Did you telephone Uncle Sam our plan for the Christmas holidays on his farm?
—Yes, he was happy about our arrival, and he eagerly asked when ________.
A.had we arrived
B.we had arrived
C.were we arriving
D.we were arriving
D 考查動詞的時態(tài)。語境提供過去的時間點,在那時將要發(fā)生的事情,所以用過去進行時表示過去將要發(fā)生的事情。此外,由于疑問句作asked的賓語從句,所以要用陳述語序。 專題 八 │ 專題預(yù)測
()10.—What did you say?
—So you ________ to me.
A.won’t listen
B.hadn’t listen
C.weren’t listening
D.haven’t listened
C 考查動詞的時態(tài)。由語境可知,答語中省略了時間狀語“when I said just now”,也就是說強調(diào)的是過去某個時間點正在進行的動作,所以要用過去進行時。