(2024·東北三省三校第二次聯考，D)

　　Deception (騙術) is something that people do all the time, and it plays an important role in

　　military (軍事的) strategy. Now some researchers are trying to figure out how to get robots to do

　　it, by looking at the behavior of squirrels and birds.

　　At Georgia Tech, a team led by Ronald Arkin, a professor at the School of Interactive Computing, studied the literature on squirrels hiding their acorns (橡果). Squirrels will hide their food in a certain place, but when they see other squirrels trying to steal from them, they attempt to fool the thieves by running to a false location.

　　Ronald Arkin and his Ph. D. student Jaeeun Shim used that as a model for robot behavior. They programmed the robot into tricking a “predator (捕食者)” machine by doing what a squirrel does: showing the enemy a false location for an important resource.

　　The team also looked at how other animals—in this case, a species of bird called Arabian babbler—drive off predators. A babbler will make an alarm call when they see a predator and other babblers will join the bird and make more calls. They then surround the predator, all the while flapping (拍打) wings and making noises. The babblers don't ever actually fight the animal they want to drive off; they just make enough noises and flaps around enough so that it seems that attacking a babbler isn't worth it.

　　They found that the deception works when the group reaches a certain size—essentially, when enough birds arrive to convince the enemy that it's best to back off. Davis modeled that behavior in software using a military scene and found that it worked even if the group didn't have the firepower to confront the enemy directly.

　　The military is interested in this because a robot that can fool an opponent is a valuable tool. It could lead an enemy down a false trail or make itself look more dangerous than it actually is.

　　文章大意：本文是一篇議論文。文章主要介紹了騙術在軍事策略中起著重要的作用，一些研究人員正在通過研究松鼠和鳥類的活動，希望機器人能模仿這些行為，以便能有效地應用于軍事中。

　　13．Why does the military want to take advantage of squirrels' trick?

　　A．It can reduce the use of firepower to confront the enemy.

　　B．It can fool the enemy into believing it is more dangerous.

　　C．It can lead the enemy in a wrong direction to avoid losing resources.

　　D．It can scare the enemy away who wants to destroy the acorns.

　　答案：C　推理判斷題。根據文章第二段最后一句“... they attempt to fool the thieves by running to a false location.”可知，松鼠為了保護自己的橡果不被其他松鼠吃掉，會朝別的方向奔跑，由此可推知，C項正確。

　　14．Which of the following is NOT the way Arabian babblers drive off predators?

　　A．One bird makes an alarm call and other birds will join it.

　　B．They fight the enemy bravely face to face.

　　C．They make noises and flaps around the predator.

　　D．They force the predator aware that it isn't worthwhile to attack.

　　答案：B　細節理解題。根據文章倒數第三段中Arabian babbler趕走predator的過程可知，B項不是Arabian babbler趕走掠奪者的方法。故B項正確。

　　15．What is the main idea of the passage?

　　A．Animals' behaviors are researched to be applied to the study of military robots.

　　B．Robots' fooling tricks are applied to the study of animals' behaviors.

　　C．Birds and squirrels are the animals that are good at deception.

　　D．Researchers are interested in animals' militaryrelated behaviors.

　　答案：A　主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了松鼠和Arabian babbler在生存中如何利用騙術擊退敵人保護自己的過程，研究人員希望機器人也能模仿這些行為，從而有效地運用于軍事戰略當中。故A項正確。

　　閱讀理解 （共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分）

　　閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卷上將該項涂黑。

　　A

　　The day when the jobs were handed out was one of the most exciting moments for all the children in the class. It took place during the first week of the term. Every kid was given a job for which they would be responsible for the rest of that school year.

　　Some jobs were more interesting than others, and the children were eager to be given one of the best ones. When giving them out, the teacher took into account which pupils had been most responsible during the previous year. During the previous year Rita had carried out the teacher’s instructions perfectly. All the children knew Rita would be given the best job.

　　But there was a big surprise. Each child received a normal job. But Rita’s job was very different. She was given a little box containing some sand and one ant. Though the teacher insisted that this ant was very special, Rita felt disappointed. Most of her classmates felt sorry for her. Even her father became very angry with the teacher and he encouraged Rita to pay no attention to this insignificant pet. However, Rita preferred to show the teacher her error by doing something special with that job of little interest.

　　Rita started investigating all about her little ant and gave the ant the best food, and it grew quite a bit bigger.

　　One day, a man, who looked very important, came into their classroom and declared, “Your class has been chosen to accompany me, this summer, on a journey to the tropical rain forest, where we will investigate all kinds of insects. Among all the schools of this region, your class has best cared for the little ant.”

　　That day the school was filled with joy and celebration. Everyone thanked Rita for having been so patient and responsible. And many children learnt that to be given the most important task you have to know how to be responsible even in what are the smallest tasks.

　　26. What did the teacher base his decision on when giving out jobs to the children?

　　A. Their characters and interests.

　　B. Their class performance during the previous year.

　　C. Their working performance during the previous year.

　　D. Their ability of managing their accounts during the previous year.

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】細節理解題。根據When giving them out, the teacher took into account which pupils had been most responsible during the previous year.在分發任務的時候，老師根據學生上一年的學習表現，故選C。

　　27. What does the underlined sentence mean?

　　A. Each child got an important job.

　　B. Each child got an interesting job.

　　C. The perfect student got the job of everyone’s preference．

　　D. The most responsible student got the job of least interest.

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】句意理解題。根據因為上一年Rita 表現最好，大家都認為老師應該給她一個最好的工作，可是有一個令人吃驚的事情，所以與學生的想法相反她被給一個沒有興趣的工作，故選D。

　　28.What is Rita’s attitude to her father’s suggestion?

　　A. Negative.

　　B. Uncertain.

　　C. Totally positive.

　　D. Acceptive.

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】細節理解題。根據he encouraged Rita to pay no attention to this insignificant pet. However, Rita preferred to show the teacher her error by doing something special with that job of little interest.她父親鼓勵她不要照顧那個小動物，可是Rita卻想做好這個沒有趣的工作來表明自己的老師的錯誤決定，

　　故選A。

　　29. We can infer that the man who made the declaration is a _________.

　　A. hunter

　　B. director

　　C. biologist

　　D. principal

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】推理判斷題。根據Your class has been chosen to accompany me, this summer, on a journey to the tropical rain forest, where we will investigate all kinds of insects. Among all the schools of this region, your class has best cared for the little ant.”因為學生跟隨他去森林研究動物，所以猜測可能是生物學家，故選C。

　　30. What would be the best title for the passage?

　　A. Never complain about life.

　　B. Small tasks can lead to fortunes.

　　C. Men are best known by their friends.

　　D. Responsibility and intelligence bring good luck.

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】標題歸納題。根據最后一句總結性的話And many children learnt that to be given the most important task you have to know how to be responsible even in what are the smallest tasks. 可知小的工作帶來好運氣，故選B。

　　閱讀理解------E

　　(2024·南京市二模，D)

　　While waiting to pick up a friend at an airport in Portland, Oregon, I had one of those lifechanging experiences that you hear other people talk about—the kind that happens to you unexpectedly. To me, this happened and was only two feet away from me.

　　Locating my friend among the passengers, I noticed a man coming toward me carrying two light bags. He stopped right next to me to greet his family.

　　First he walked to his youngest son (maybe 6 years old) as he laid down his bags. They gave each other a long, loving hug. As they separated enough to look in each other's face, I heard the father say，“It's so good to see you, son.

　　I missed you so much！” His son smiled somewhat shyly, and replied softly，“Me, too, Dad！”

　　Then the man stood up, gazed into the eyes of his oldest son (maybe 9 or 10) and while cupping his son's face in his hands said, “You're already quite a young man. I love you very much, Zach！” They too hugged a most loving, tender hug.

　　While this was happening, a baby girl (perhaps one or oneandahalfyear old) was squirming (扭動) excitedly in her mother's arms, never once taking her little eyes off the wonderful sight of her returning father. The man said，“Hi, baby girl！” as he gently took the child from her mother. He quickly kissed her face all over and then held her close to his chest while rocking her from side to side. The little girl instantly relaxed and simply laid her head on his shoulder, motionless in pure contentment.

　　After several moments, he handed his daughter to his oldest son and declared，“I've saved the best for last！” and went to give his wife the longest, most passionate kiss I ever remember seeing. He gazed into her eyes for several seconds and then silently mouthed, “I love you so much！” They stared into each other's eyes, beaming big smiles at one another, while holding both hands.

　　For an instant they reminded me of newlyweds, but I knew by the age of their kids that they couldn't possibly be. I puzzled about it for a moment then realized how totally attentive I was in the wonderful display of unconditional love not more than an arm's length away from me.

　　I suddenly felt uncomfortable, as if I was invading something sacred, but was amazed to hear my own voice nervously ask，“Wow! How long have you two been married？”

　　“Been together fourteen years total, married twelve of those.” he replied, without breaking his gaze from his lovely wife's face. “Well then, how long have you been away？” I asked. The man finally turned and looked at me, still beaming his joyous smile. “Two whole days！”

　　Two days? I was stunned. I had assumed he'd been gone for at least several weeks—if not months. I know my expression betrayed me. “I hope my marriage is still that passionate after twelve years！”

　　The man suddenly stopped smiling.

　　He looked me straight in the eye, and with forcefulness that burned right into my soul, he told me something that left me a different person, “Don't hope, friend... decide！” Then he flashed me his wonderful smile again, shook my hand and said，“God bless！”

　　With that, he and his family turned and walked away together.

　　I was still watching that exceptional man and his special family walk just out of sight when my friend came up to me and asked, “What'cha looking at？” Without hesitating, and with a curious sense of certainty, I replied，“My future！”

　　文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文。作者通過講述自己在機場看到一家人在分別兩天重逢后的親密場景及男主人對作者所說的話，表達了這次事件對自己的震撼，并下定決心拿出更多的愛給自己的家人。

　　16．Which word could best describe the baby girl?

　　A．Quiet.

　　　B．Innocent.

　　C．Naughty.

　　D．Sweet.

　　答案：D　推理判斷題。根據第五段第一句和最后一句可知，這個小女孩非常的可愛，見到父親時，她在母親的懷里扭動，非常地興奮，在父親懷里的時候她把頭放在父親的肩膀上一動不動。故答案選D。

　　17．The writer suddenly felt uncomfortable because ________.

　　A．he felt it impolite to stare at the family

　　B．he felt he withdrew from society

　　C．the family found him curious about them

　　D．he didn't love his wife as much

　　答案：A　推理判斷題。根據第七段最后一句中的“I suddenly felt uncomfortable, as if I was invading something sacred”和文化常識可知，作者由于被這親密的幸福情景所吸引，一直盯著他們看，距離很近(only two feet)，而這在西方是很不禮貌的行為，侵犯了他人的隱私。故答案選A。

　　18．What can we learn from the story?

　　A．The family became the writer's friends.

　　B．The writer decided to look for a wife.

　　C．The writer's family will get more love from him.

　　D．The writer will tell his friend the story immediately they meet.

　　答案：C　推理判斷題。根據倒數第四段最后一句“I hope my marriage is still that passionate after twelve years！”及最后一段中作者看著那家人離開說“My future！”可推知，作者以后將會給予家人更多的關愛。故答案選C。

　　19．Which paragraph in this story best shows the love of the couple?

　　A．Paragraph 4.

　　B．Paragraph 5.

　　C．Paragraph 6.

　　D．Paragraph 7.

　　答案：C　細節理解題。通讀全文可知，第三至五段描述的是對孩子的愛，第六段中“give his wife the longest, most passionate kiss...”展示的是夫妻之間的愛。故答案選C。

　　20．Why does the writer think his airport experience is lifechanging?

　　A．Because he came across a most loving family.

　　B．Because he realized the difference between “hope” and “decide”．

　　C．Because he thought it was really a unique experience.

　　D．Because the family he met with had a strange power over him.

　　答案：B　推理判斷題。根據文章最后兩段內容可知，男主人所說的“Don't hope, friend... decide！”給了作者極大的震撼和鼓勵，讓作者明白了“希望”與“決定”之間的不同，決定今后給予家人更多的關愛。故答案選B。

　　閱讀理解--------B

　　I usually doubt about any research that concludes that people are either happier or unhappier or more or less certain of themselves than they were 50 years ago.While any of these statements might be true, they are practically impossible to prove scientifically. Still, 1 was struck by a report which concluded that today’s children are significantly more anxious than children in the 1950s. In fact, the analysis showed, normal children between 9 and 17 have a higher level of anxiety today than children who were treated for mental illness 50 years ago.